BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






                            SENATE COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                                Alan Lowenthal, Chair
                              2011-2012 Regular Session
                                          

             BILL NO:       SB 1324
             AUTHOR:        Wyland
             INTRODUCED:    February 23, 2012
             FISCAL COMM:   Yes            HEARING DATE: April 25, 2012
             URGENCY:       No             CONSULTANT:    Lynn Lorber

              SUBJECT  :  Science curriculum.
             
              SUMMARY
              
             This bill requires the Superintendent of Public 
             Instruction (SPI) and the State Board of Education (SBE) 
             to consider ways to increase the number of scientists and 
             engineers, and requires the science framework and standard 
             to be reviewed and revised.

              BACKGROUND
              
             Academic content standards define the knowledge, concepts, 
             and skills that pupils should acquire at each grade level. 
              Curricular frameworks are the blueprint for implementing 
             the standards, and include criteria by which instructional 
             materials are evaluated.

             The processes for reviewing frameworks and adopting 
             instructional materials have been suspended since July 28, 
             2009.  The State Board of Education (SBE) is specifically 
             prohibited from reviewing frameworks and adopting 
             instructional materials until the 2015-16 school year.  
             (Education Code � 60200.7)

             The science standard was adopted in 1998.  None of 
             California's academic content standards have ever been 
             revised (other than the recent adoption of common core 
             standards in English language arts and math).  Current law 
             requires the SBE to adopt, reject or modify science 
             content standards by July 30, 2013.  (EC � 60605.85)

             The science framework was adopted in 2003.  A review and 
             update of the science framework was in the early stages 
             when the process was suspended.  




                                                                 SB 1324
                                                                  Page 2




             The SBE adopted common core standards in English language 
             arts and mathematics on August 2, 2010, including literacy 
             standards in science.  Literacy standards focus on 
             subject-specific vocabulary and acknowledge the unique 
             text structures found in informational text (to prepare 
             pupils to read and write in subjects other than English 
             language arts).


              ANALYSIS
              
             This bill  requires the Superintendent of Public 
             Instruction (SPI) and the State Board of Education (SBE) 
             to consider ways to increase the number of scientists and 
             engineers, and requires the science framework and standard 
             to be reviewed and revised.  Specifically, this bill:

             1)   Requires the SPI and the SBE to consider ways to 
                  increase the number of pupils who go to college and 
                  graduate with degrees in the various scientific and 
                  engineering fields, including either of the 
                  following:

                       a)             Recruiting more science teachers 
                       through incentives and public-private 
                       partnerships designed to encourage pupils to go 
                       to college, major in science and related fields, 
                       and enter teaching careers.

                       b)             Encouraging businesses in the 
                       private sector to participate in educating 
                       pupils and in offering them exposure to possible 
                       careers in the science and engineering fields.

             2)   Requires the SPI and SBE to direct the appropriate 
                  entity, in order to increase the number of pupils who 
                  go to college and graduate with degrees in the 
                  various scientific and engineering fields, to do the 
                  following:

                       a)             Revise the science framework and 
                       standard, if necessary, to reflect the model 
                       curriculum developed by organization of 
                       outstanding scientists, such as the National 
                       Academy of Science.  




                                                                 SB 1324
                                                                  Page 3




                       b)             Incorporate in the science 
                       curriculum applied mathematics, reading 
                       comprehension, and expository writing in 
                       describing observations and experiments.

                       c)             Incorporate in the science 
                       curriculum analytical, intellectual, and 
                       creative skills required to pose and investigate 
                       scientific questions.

                       d)             Incorporate in the science 
                       curriculum engineering elements in a manner 
                       designed to engage pupils.

              STAFF COMMENTS
              
              1)   Need for the bill  .  According to the author, 
                  "Science, technology, engineering, and math fields 
                  are currently facing a shortage.  In addition to 
                  encouraging more students to enter the teaching 
                  profession, keeping existing/new science and math 
                  teachers up to date on changes in the industry is 
                  crucial, and can be achieved by encouraging 
                  professional development (for example, summer 
                  programs sponsored by biotech firms to learn new 
                  techniques)."


              2)   Revision of standards and frameworks  .  This bill 
                  requires the Superintendent of Public Instruction 
                  (SPI) and State Board of Education (SBE) to direct 
                  the appropriate entity to, among other things, revise 
                  the science framework and standard.  The science 
                  standard was adopted in 1998.  None of California's 
                  academic content standards have ever been revised 
                  (other than the recent adoption of common core 
                  standards in English language arts and math).  

             In January of 2005, the Legislative Counsel issued an 
                  opinion that the State Board of Education (SBE) does 
                  not have the authority to revise the standards under 
                  current law.  Counsel noted that current law permits 
                  the Board to "modify any proposed ? standards prior 
                  to adoption" but that the authority to revise the 
                  standards appears to end with their adoption.




                                                                 SB 1324
                                                                  Page 4




             SB 300 (Hancock, Ch. 624, 2001) required the SBE to adopt, 
                  reject or modify science content standards by July 
                  30, 2013.  
              
              The process for reviewing frameworks has been suspended 
                  since July 28, 2009.  The SBE is specifically 
                  prohibited from reviewing frameworks and adopting 
                  instructional materials until the 2015-16 school 
                  year.  

              3)   Literacy standards in science  .  The SBE adopted 
                  common core standards in English language arts that 
                  include literacy standards in science (and 
                  history-social science and technical subjects).  
                  Literacy standards focus on subject-specific 
                  vocabulary and acknowledge the unique text structures 
                  found in informational text (to prepare pupils to 
                  read and write in subjects other than English 
                  language arts).

              4)   Model curriculum  .  This bill requires the revision of 
                  the science standard and framework to reflect the 
                  model curriculum developed by organizations of 
                  outstanding scientists, such as the National Academy 
                  of Science.  It is unclear who or what determines 
                  which organizations are considered outstanding, and 
                  how many model curricula are to be reviewed and 
                  utilized.

              5)   Related legislation  .  SB 1458 (Steinberg), among 
                  other things, requires the SPI, in consultation with 
                  the Public School Accountability Act advisory 
                  committee, by March 1, 2013, to report to the 
                  Legislature and recommend to the SBE for adoption a 
                  method for increasing the emphasis on pupil 
                  performance in science and social science in the API. 
                   SB 1458 is pending in the Senate Appropriations 
                  Committee.

              6)   Prior legislation  .  This bill is identical to SB 282 
                  (Wyland), which was introduced in February 2011, 
                  scheduled to be heard by this Committee in March 
                  2011, and pulled from the agenda at the request of 
                  the author.  The bill was subsequently returned to 
                  the Secretary of the Senate.




                                                                 SB 1324
                                                                  Page 5







              SUPPORT
              
             American Council of Engineering Companies

              OPPOSITION

              None on file.