BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



                                                                  SB 1356
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          Date of Hearing:   August 8, 2012

                        ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS
                                Felipe Fuentes, Chair

                   SB 1356 (de León) - As Amended:  June 21, 2012 

          Policy Committee:                             Revenue and 
          Taxation     Vote:                            7-1

          Urgency:     No                   State Mandated Local Program: 
          No     Reimbursable:              

           SUMMARY  

          This bill allows a credit, for taxable years beginning on or 
          after January 1, 2013, and before January 1, 2016, based on the 
          taxpayer's contribution to a newly established Higher Education 
          Investment Tax Credit Program Special Fund (Special Fund), as 
          specified.   Specifically, this bill: 

          1)Provides a credit equal to 60% of the amount contributed by 
            the taxpayer during the 2013 taxable year.  Provides a credit 
            of 55% during the 2014 taxable year and 50% in the 2015 
            taxable year, as allocated and certified by the California 
            Educational Facilities Authority (CEF Authority).

          2)Provides that the aggregate amount of credit that may be 
            allocated and certified shall not exceed $100 million for the 
            2013 calendar year and $100 million for each calendar year 
            thereafter.

          3)Requires the CEF Authority to develop administrative 
            procedures and authorized the authority to develop 
            regulations.  If the allocation and certification would be 
            limited or denied because the $100 million annual cap has been 
            reached, the CEF Authority shall offer to either return the 
            contribution or provide a certification for the next taxable 
            year. 

          4)Provides that in cases where the credit amount exceeds the tax 
            owed, the excess credit amount may be carried over to reduce 
            the tax liability in the following year, and the succeeding 
            five years if necessary, until the credit is exhausted.  
            Prohibits a deduction for amounts taken into account in 








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            calculating the credit. 

          5)Provides that revenue in the Special Fund shall be allocated 
            as follows:

             a)   First, to the General Fund (GF) in an amount equal to 
               the amount of certified credits allowed for the taxable 
               year;

             b)   Second, revenues shall be allocated, upon appropriation 
               by the Legislature, to the:

               i)     FTB, the CEF Authority, the State Controller, and 
                 the Student Aid Commission for reimbursement of all 
                 administrative costs incurred in connection with their 
                 duties under this bill, and Education Code Section 
                 69432.75; and, 

               ii)    To the Student Aid Commission for purposes of 
                 awarding Cal Grants to students pursuant to Education 
                 Code Section 69432.75.

          6)Becomes operative only if SB 1466 (De Leon) of the 2011-12 
            legislative session is enacted and takes effect on or before 
            January 1, 2013.  

          7)Sunsets the credit provisions on December 1, 2016.  

           FISCAL EFFECT  

         1)  The State Treasurer's Office (STO) estimates costs of 
              approximately $1 million annually to administer the program. 
               Additional administrative costs of approximately $100,000 
              annually for FTB and Student Aid Commission.  STO costs will 
              vary depending on the number of taxpayers who apply for the 
              credit.

         2)  Assuming $165 million in donations, which should be enough to 
              exhaust the credit in the 2013 taxable year, approximately 
              $65 million will be available for administrative costs and 
              for transferring to the Student Aid Commission for Cal 
              Grants to students.  The available funds will increase in 
              the two subsequent years as the amount of donations will 
              have to increase to exhaust the available credit.  









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           COMMENTS  

           1)Purpose  .  The author states SB 1356 seeks to expand Cal Grants 
            to middle-income Californians through $100 Million in 
            available tax credits, by leveraging federal tax deductions 
            for charitable contributions.  The author argues this tax 
            credit differs from most others in that the state doesn't lose 
            money in providing an incentive, rather the taxpayer makes a 
            contribution to the state and then a credit is given.   The 
            author notes experts predict that this tax credit will be 
            fully subscribed due to the incentive to taxpayers.
             
             The author explains that SB 1356   is joined to SB 1466 which 
            uses the money in the fund to expand Cal Grants to 
            middle-income Californians.  SB 1466 first prioritizes funding 
            for the students who were eligible to receive Cal Grants in 
            the 2011-12 year and ensures the money in SB 1356 is first 
            used to maintain the 2011-12 eligibility criteria for new and 
            renewing students.  

           2)Support  .  Proponents, including the University of California 
            Student Association, state that by 2018, 63% of all jobs in 
            the United States will require some form of postsecondary 
            education or training; the U.S. is only on track to deliver a 
            fraction of this education.  They note, currently, only 38% of 
            America's young adults have a college degree, compared to 58% 
            in South Korea.  

            Supporters argue that during this unprecedented budget crisis, 
            we need to be creative and contend the Higher Education 
            Investment Tax Credit Fund would be fully subscribed due to 
            the high incentive to taxpayers.  They note for every dollar 
            donated to the Fund, the first year, the individual taxpayer 
            or the corporate donor would receive 60 cents back from the 
            state and 13 cents back from the Federal Government.  
            Supporters conclude the taxpayer is only out of pocket about 
            27 cents and California earns interest on the consumer's 
            30-cent expenditure.

           3)Contingencies  :  As noted above, this bill will become 
            operative only if SB 1466 (de León) is also enacted.  SB 1466 
            would, beginning with the 2014-15 academic year, establish 
            priorities for allocation within the Cal Grant program of 
            funds derived from the HEITC program proposed to be 
            established by SB 1356. 








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           4)Income tax deductions  .  Existing federal and state laws allow 
            individuals to deduct certain expenses, such as medical 
            expenses, charitable contributions, interest and taxes, as 
            itemized deductions.  For example, if a taxpayer making 
            $100,000 annually makes a $100 charitable contribution, the 
            taxpayer would receive a state deduction for the amount that 
            reduces income subject to the tax at the 9.3% rate for the 
            state and a federal deduction of about 35% representing the 
            state and federal tax rates.  Therefore, the taxpayer would 
            receive about $10 from the state and about $30 from the 
            federal government so the total out of pocket expense is about 
            $60, thus creating a charitable giving incentive for 
            taxpayers.  The charity has received $100.

           5)Doing the math.    This bill takes advantage of the 
            deductibility of charitable contributions.  A recent Internal 
            Revenue Service (IRS) Chief Counsel Memo unequivocally states 
            that any contribution to a state agency is deductible for 
            federal purposes on federal tax returns.  If the taxpayer in 
            the example donates $100 to the state under SB 1356, the 
            taxpayers will obtain a $60 credit, in the first year.  The 
            taxpayer can also deduct $40 as a charitable contribution on 
            the federal return.  Assuming a 28 percent federal tax rate, 
            the deduction will result in $11 from the federal government; 
            a deduction on state taxes is precluded in the bill.  The 
            taxpayer now is out of pocket only $29.  The charity, in this 
            case the state, has received a net of $40, less than the 
            preceding example, but the taxpayer is significantly better 
            off, relative to other tax deductible charitable donations.

           6)New money?   The generous tax benefit related to this tax 
            credit could change charitable giving.  It is unclear what 
            this impact will be, but following are some possibilities.

             a)   The attractive credit could lead to significantly 
               increased giving, as taxpayers increase their overall 
               charitable giving to take advantage of it.

             b)   Taxpayers could shift their giving from other charitable 
               purposes to the state to take advantage of the credit.

             c)   Taxpayers may not find the program attractive.  If their 
               intention is to donate $100, receive some gratification and 
               enjoy a tax deduction, receiving a credit does not serve 








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               their purpose.

          7.  Related legislation  . 
           
             a)   SB 1466 (de León) is the companion measure to this bill 
               and lays out direction for the Cal Grant program.  These 
               two bills must become operative together or neither becomes 
               operative.  SB 1466 is set for hearing August 8 in this 
               Committee.

             b)   AB 1501 ((Perez) establishes the Middle Class 
               Scholarship Program, to be administered by the California 
               Student Aid Commission, beginning with the 2012-13 academic 
               year, and provides for an appropriation for purposes of 
               funding the program, contingent upon the enactment of AB 
               1500 (Perez).
             Analysis Prepared by  :    Roger Dunstan / APPR. / (916) 
            319-2081