BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                      



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          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                  SB 1416|
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                                 THIRD READING


          Bill No:  SB 1416
          Author:   Rubio (D) and Hernandez (D)
          Amended:  5/29/12
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE HEALTH COMMITTEE  :  7-0, 4/25/12
          AYES:  Hernandez, Alquist, Anderson, De Le�n, DeSaulnier, 
            Rubio, Wolk
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Harman, Blakeslee

          SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  7-0, 5/24/12
          AYES:  Kehoe, Walters, Alquist, Dutton, Lieu, Price, 
            Steinberg


           SUBJECT  :    Medical residency training program grants:  
          grants

           SOURCE  :     Author


           DIGEST  :    This bill creates the Graduate Medical Education 
          (GME) Trust Fund and requires moneys in the fund to be used 
          by the Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development 
          (OSHPD) to fund grants to medical residency training 
          programs for the creation of additional residency 
          positions.  

           ANALYSIS  :    Existing law:

          1.Establishes the California Healthcare Workforce Policy 
            Commission (Commission) and requires the Commission to, 
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            among other things, identify specific areas of the state 
            where unmet priority needs for primary care family 
            physicians and registered nurses exist; establish 
            standards for family practice training programs, family 
            practice residency programs, primary care physician 
            assistants programs, and programs that train primary care 
            nurse practitioners; and review and make recommendations 
            to OSHPD concerning the funding of those programs that 
            are submitted to the Health Professions Development 
            Program for participation in the state medical contract 
            program.

          2.Establishes the Health Professions Education Foundation 
            (Foundation) within OSHPD.  Requires the Foundation to 
            solicit and receive funds from foundations and other 
            private and public sources and to provide financial 
            assistance in the form of scholarships or loans to 
            students in the health professions who are from 
            underrepresented groups.  Provides that the Foundation is 
            governed by a board consisting of 13 members appointed by 
            the Governor, Speaker of the Assembly, and Senate Rules 
            Committee.

          3.Establishes, under the Foundation, scholarship, loan, and 
            loan repayment programs for registered nurses, vocational 
            nurses, geriatric nurse practitioners, clinical nurse 
            specialists, and mental health professionals who agree to 
            practice for specified periods of time in underserved 
            areas and in designated practice settings, as specified.  


          4.Establishes, under the Foundation, the Steven M. Thompson 
            Physician Corps Loan Repayment Program (STPCLRP), which 
            provides for the repayment of educational loans for 
            licensed physicians and surgeons who practice in 
            medically underserved areas of the state, as defined.  
            Requires the Foundation, in administering the STPCLRP, to 
            use and develop guidelines for applicants that give 
            preference to applicants who are best suited to meet the 
            cultural and linguistic needs of patients in medically 
            underserved populations, as specified, and who agree to 
            practice in geriatric care settings.  Also allows the 
            Foundation to appoint a selection committee to provide 
            policy direction and guidance to the STPCLRP. Requires 







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            funds for loan repayment under the STPCLRP to have a 
            funding match from a foundation or other private source. 
            Establishes a Medically Underserved Account for 
            Physicians within the Fund, the primary purpose of which 
            is to provide funding for the STPCLRP.  

          5.Establishes within OSHPD the Health Professions Education 
            Fund (Fund) to receive funds for scholarships and loans 
            to students from underrepresented groups who are enrolled 
            in or accepted to schools of medicine, dentistry, 
            nursing, and other health professions.  Provides that 
            moneys in the Fund are continuously appropriated.

          6.Establishes the Song-Brown Health Care Workforce Training 
            Act of 1973 (Song-Brown Act), administered by OSHPD to 
            provide financial support to family practice residency 
            programs, nurse practitioner and physician assistant 
            programs, and registered nurse education programs to 
            increase the number of students and residents receiving 
            education and training in family practice and nursing.  
            The Song-Brown Act also encourages universities and 
            primary care health professionals to provide health care 
            in medically underserved areas.  

          This bill:

          1.Creates the GME Trust Fund and requires moneys in the 
            fund to be used by OSHPD to fund grants to medical 
            residency training programs for the creation of 
            additional residency positions.  Requires additional 
            residency positions funded pursuant to this bill to be 
            funded at the same rate as residency positions funded 
            through the Medicare Program.

          2.Requires the GME Trust Fund to consist of all private 
            moneys donated by private individuals or entities to the 
            Commission for deposit into the fund, and no General Fund 
            moneys shall be used.  Requires all interest earned on 
            the moneys in the fund to be retained in the fund and 
            used for purposes consistent with the fund.

           Background
           
           GME funding  .  According to the Western Journal of Medicine, 







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          Medicare is the largest source of federal funding for 
          medical education. Beginning in 1985, Medicare replaced its 
          cost-based funding formula with two types of payments: 
          direct medical education (DME) payments and indirect 
          medical education (IME) adjustments.  DME payments are 
          intended to defray the costs associated with program 
          administration and salaries for residents and teaching 
          personnel.  IME adjustments are intended to cover the costs 
          associated with the unnecessary procedures that residents 
          order and other inefficiencies of residents.  In 2009, 
          Medicare spent $9.5 billion on GME, $3 billion of which was 
          on DME payments and the remaining $6.5 billion was directed 
          towards IME adjustments. Other sources of federal funding 
          for medical education include Medicaid, the Department of 
          Veterans Affairs (VA), the Department of Defense, and the 
          Bureau of Health Professions. Most states (48 of 50 states) 
          fund GME through their Medicaid programs and receive 
          federal matching funds for this purpose.

          Several states and the VA are using innovative GME 
          financing approaches to take into account state or national 
          physician workforce needs in their decisions on how many 
          GME programs to support and in which specialties. Utah has 
          created a system to link Medicare and Medicaid payments to 
          meet the state's physician workforce needs; Texas lawmakers 
          have authorized state-formula funding to expand GME; 
          Minnesota is pooling multiple payment sources to offset the 
          costs of clinical training and to ensure health care 
          research; and the VA is increasing its support of the GME 
          enterprise with a multi-year, 2,000-position expansion of 
          resident positions in specialties of greatest need to US 
          veterans.

           Workforce shortages  .  In March 2012, the Senate Health 
          Committee held two initial hearings in a series on 
          California's health care workforce.  The background paper, 
          prepared by the Senate Office of Research (SOR), stated 
          that statewide shortages of health care providers currently 
          exist in several major health professions.  Additionally, 
          health care workforce needs are projected to increase 
          dramatically due to the aging of the general population as 
          well as health care providers, population growth, expanding 
          diversity and implementation of the Affordable Care Act.  
          Recent health care workforce research indicates that health 







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          professional shortage, distribution, and diversity issues 
          impact access to primary, allied, mental, and dental health 
          care in California today.  The demand for these health care 
          professions is also forecasted to grow faster than 
          professions in other industries. According to the SOR 
          paper, the scale and scope of the problem is not well 
          understood because data on the supply and demand of health 
          professionals is incomplete and is not systematically or 
          regularly updated.  

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  Yes   
          Local:  No

          According to the Senate Appropriations Committee:

           One-time costs up to $150,000 to develop criteria for 
            making grants (Private Funds). The development of grant 
            making criteria is subject to the Administrative 
            Procedures Act (beginning at Section 11340 of the 
            Government Code), which typically requires substantial 
            staff time.

           Unknown costs to make grants to medical residency 
            programs (Private Funds).

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  5/29/12)

          California Medical Association
          California Academy of Family Physicians

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    The California Medical Association 
          (CMA) writes that for far too long, federal funding for 
          California's GME has remained stagnant and as a result, the 
          state has inadequately supplied the physician workforce.  
          CMA states that the most effective way to address this 
          deficit is by expanding and strengthening the capacity of 
          California's medical resident programs, and this bill lays 
          the groundwork to achieve this goal. 
          

          CTW:nl  5/29/12   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE








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