BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �







                      SENATE COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC SAFETY
                            Senator Loni Hancock, Chair              S
                             2011-2012 Regular Session               B

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          SB 1422 (Anderson)                                         2
          As Amended April 12, 2012 
          Hearing date:  April 24, 2012
          Penal Code
          SM:mc

                  HANDGUN SAFETY CERTIFICATES: EXCLUSION FOR VETERANS  

                                       HISTORY

          Source:  AMVETS

          Prior Legislation: SB 404 (Anderson) - 2011, died in Senate 
          Public Safety
                       AB 2609 (Anderson) - 2010, failed passage in 
          Assembly Public Safety
                       AB 2152 (Neilson) - 2010, failed passage in 
          Assembly Public Safety
                       AB 201 (Samuelian) - 2004, failed passage in 
          Assembly Public Safety
                                 AB 2081 (Briggs) - 2002, failed passage 
                    in Assembly Public Safety
                                 SB 1615 (Johannessen) - 2002, died in 
                    Senate Public Safety
                       SB 52 (Scott) - Chap. 942, Stats. 2001
                                 SB 731 (Thompson) - Chap. 6, Stats. 1992

          Support: California Rifle and Pistol Association

          Opposition:None known







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                                         KEY ISSUE
           
          SHOULD THE FEES CHARGED FOR HANDGUN SAFETY CERTIFICATES BE 
          REDUCED, AS SPECIFIED, FOR ANY HONORABLY DISCHARGED MEMBER OF 
          THE UNITED STATES ARMED FORCES, THE NATIONAL GUARD, THE AIR 
          NATIONAL GUARD, OR THE ACTIVE RESERVE COMPONENTS OF THE UNITED 
          STATES?




                                       PURPOSE

          The purpose of this bill is to (1) reduce the Handgun Safety 
          Certificate (HSC) fee and the HSC renewal fee that a certified 
          instructor may charge an honorably discharged member of the 
          armed forces to $15, $10 of which is to be paid to the 
          Department of Justice (DOJ), as specified; and (2) reduce the 
          fee that DOJ may charge the certified instructor to no more than 
          $10 for each handgun safety certificate issued by an instructor 
          to an honorably discharged member of the armed forces to cover 
          DOJ's cost in carrying out and enforcing this article, and 
          enforcing specified provisions as determined annually by DOJ.

           Current law  provides that no person shall do either of the 
          following:

                 Purchase or receive any handgun, except an antique 
               firearm, without a valid handgun safety certificate.
                 Sell, deliver, loan, or transfer any handgun, except an 
               antique firearm, to any person who does not have a valid 
               handgun safety certificate.
                 Any person who violates subdivision (a) is guilty of a 
               misdemeanor, punishable by up to 6 months in county jail, a 
               fine of up to $1,000, or both.  (Penal Code � 31615.)

           Current law  requires the license applicant to complete and pass 
          a written test prescribed by the Department of Justice (DOJ) and 
          administered by an instructor certified by DOJ.  The test shall 




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          include:

                           The laws applicable to carrying and handling 
                    firearms, particularly handguns;
                           The responsibilities of ownership of firearms, 
                    particularly handguns;
                           Current law as it relates to the sale and 
                    transfer of firearms laws;
                           Current law as it relates to the permissible 
                    use of lethal force; 
                           What constitutes safe firearm storage;
                           Risks associated with bringing handguns into 
                    the home; and,
                 Prevention strategies to address issues associated with 
               bringing firearms into the home.  (Penal Code � 31640.)

           Current law  exempts an honorably retired member of the United 
          States Armed Forces, the National Guard, the Air National Guard, 
          or active reserve components of the United States from having to 
          obtain a handgun safety certificate in order to purchase a 
          handgun.  (Penal Code 
          � 31700(a)(1).)

           Current law  provides that the Department of Justice shall 
          develop handgun safety certificates to be issued by instructors 
          certified by the department, to those persons who have complied 
          with specified requirements.  A handgun safety certificate shall 
          include, but not be limited to, the following information:

                 A unique handgun safety certificate identification 
               number.
                 The holder's full name.
                 The holder's date of birth.
                 The holder's driver's license or identification number.
                 The holder's signature.
                 The signature of the issuing instructor.
                 The date of issuance.

          The handgun safety certificate shall expire five years after the 




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          date that it was issued by the certified instructor.  (Penal 
          Code � 31655.)
           
          This bill  would reduce the Handgun Safety Certificate fee or HSC 
          renewal fee that a certified instructor may charge an honorably 
          discharged member of the armed forces to $15, $10 of which is to 
          be paid to the department, as specified.

           This bill  would reduce the fee that the department may charge 
          the certified instructor for each handgun safety certificate 
          issued by that instructor to no more than $10 for each handgun 
          safety certificate issued by an instructor to an honorably 
          discharged member of the armed forces, to cover the department's 
          cost in carrying out and enforcing this article, and enforcing 
          specified provisions, as determined annually by the department.

           This bill  would define, for purposes of this section, "honorably 
          discharged member" as an honorably discharged member of the 
          United States Armed Forces, the National Guard, the Air National 
          Guard, or the active reserve components of the United States, 
          who has received a United States Department of Defense 
          certificate of release or discharge from active duty, DD Form 
          214, indicating a discharge under honorable conditions.


                    RECEIVERSHIP/OVERCROWDING CRISIS AGGRAVATION
                                      ("ROCA")
          
          In response to the unresolved prison capacity crisis, since 
          early 2007 it has been the policy of the chair of the Senate 
          Committee on Public Safety and the Senate President pro Tem to 
          hold legislative proposals which could further aggravate prison 
          overcrowding through new or expanded felony prosecutions.  Under 
          the resulting policy known as "ROCA" (which stands for 
          "Receivership/Overcrowding Crisis Aggravation"), the Committee 
          has held measures which create a new felony, expand the scope or 
          penalty of an existing felony, or otherwise increase the 
          application of a felony in a manner which could exacerbate the 
          prison overcrowding crisis by expanding the availability or 




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          length of prison terms (such as extending the statute of 
          limitations for felonies or constricting statutory parole 
          standards).  In addition, proposed expansions to the 
          classification of felonies enacted last year by AB 109 (the 2011 
          Public Safety Realignment) which may be punishable in jail and 
          not prison (Penal Code section 1170(h)) would be subject to ROCA 
          because an offender's criminal record could make the offender 
          ineligible for jail and therefore subject to state prison.  
          Under these principles, ROCA has been applied as a 
          content-neutral, provisional measure necessary to ensure that 
          the Legislature does not erode progress towards reducing prison 
          overcrowding by passing legislation which could increase the 
          prison population.  ROCA will continue until prison overcrowding 
          is resolved.

          For the last several years, severe overcrowding in California's 
          prisons has been the focus of evolving and expensive litigation. 
           On June 30, 2005, in a class action lawsuit filed four years 
          earlier, the United States District Court for the Northern 
          District of California established a Receivership to take 
          control of the delivery of medical services to all California 
          state prisoners confined by the California Department of 
          Corrections and Rehabilitation ("CDCR").  In December of 2006, 
          plaintiffs in two federal lawsuits against CDCR sought a 
          court-ordered limit on the prison population pursuant to the 
          federal Prison Litigation Reform Act.  On January 12, 2010, a 
          three-judge federal panel issued an order requiring California 
          to reduce its inmate population to 137.5 percent of design 
          capacity -- a reduction at that time of roughly 40,000 inmates 
          -- within two years.  The court stayed implementation of its 
          ruling pending the state's appeal to the U.S. Supreme Court.  

          On May 23, 2011, the United States Supreme Court upheld the 
          decision of the three-judge panel in its entirety, giving 
          California two years from the date of its ruling to reduce its 
          prison population to 137.5 percent of design capacity, subject 
          to the right of the state to seek modifications in appropriate 
          circumstances.  Design capacity is the number of inmates a 
          prison can house based on one inmate per cell, single-level 




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          bunks in dormitories, and no beds in places not designed for 
          housing.  Current design capacity in CDCR's 33 institutions is 
          79,650.

          On January 6, 2012, CDCR announced that California had cut 
          prison overcrowding by more than 11,000 inmates over the last 
          six months, a reduction largely accomplished by the passage of 
          Assembly Bill 109.  Under the prisoner-reduction order, the 
          inmate population in California's 33 prisons must be no more 
          than the following:

                 167 percent of design capacity by December 27, 2011 
               (133,016 inmates);
                 155 percent by June 27, 2012;
                 147 percent by December 27, 2012; and
                 137.5 percent by June 27, 2013.

           This bill  does not aggravate the prison overcrowding crisis 
          described above under ROCA.


                                      COMMENTS

          1.    Need for This Bill  

          According to the author:

               California's veterans have honorably served our 
               country and state.  Part of their military service is 
               training in basic handgun safety.  Some of that 
               training is in a large variety of various other 
               weapons and weapon systems, and safety is the 
               cornerstone of all weapons' use.  The training and 
               discipline that soldiers, sailors, and airmen receive 
               gives them a head-start on meeting the requirements of 
               the HSC, and the state should recognize this.  SB 1422 
               allows those that have faithfully served our country 
               to pay a reduced fee ($15 instead of $25) and is a way 
               to honor California's veterans.




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          2.  History of SB 52 - Military Exemption   

          The law prior to 2001 exempted all honorably discharged veterans 
          from obtaining a Basic Firearms Safety Certificate.  Under the 
          new Handgun Safety Licensing Program, enacted by 
          SB 52, that exemption was narrowed to include only honorably 
          retired veterans.  Legislative history indicates that narrowing 
          of the exemption was not inadvertent.  

          SB 52 (Scott), Chapter 942, Statutes of 2001, repealed the Basic 
          Firearms Safety and Certificate Program and replaced that 
          program with the more stringent Handgun Safety Licensing 
          Program.  SB 52 provided that, effective January 1, 2003, no 
          person may purchase, transfer, receive, or sell a handgun 
          without a Handgun Safety Certificate (HSC).  As introduced, SB 
          52 contained no exemption for retired  or  discharged veterans.  
          SB 52 was amended April 5, 2001, to include an exemption to the 
          HSC requirement for active military and military reserve 
          personnel.  SB 52 was amended again on June 4, 2001, and added 
          honorably retired members of the military to the military 
          exemption provision.  The much broader category of all honorably 
          discharged members of the military was never included in the 
          military exemption contained in SB 52.  

          The fact that SB 52 intended to narrow such exemptions is 
          further evidenced by the fact that 
          SB 52 also removed the exemption for others who had been exempt 
          from the old Basic Firearms Safety Certificate requirement.  For 
          example, under the old Basic Firearms Safety and Certificate 
          Program, anyone holding a valid hunting license or who completed 
          a hunter safety course was exempt from the requirement.  Both of 
          those exemptions were eliminated by SB 52.  Legislative history 
          strongly suggests that SB 52 was intended to tighten the 
          exemptions from this requirement.








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          AB 35 (Shelley) Chapter 940, Statutes of 2001, was identical to 
          SB 52 and was chaptered out by the enactment of SB 52.  AB 35 
          also did not include an exemption for all honorably discharged 
          veterans, but limited that exemption to honorably retired 
          veterans.

          This bill, as recently amended, does not seek to exempt veterans 
          from the HSC requirement, but now would reduce the fee paid by 
          honorably discharged veterans for this certificate.

          3.  Prior Legislation
           
          SB 404 (Anderson) of the 2011-2012 legislative session would 
          have exempted all honorably discharged veterans from having to 
          obtain an HSC in order to purchase a handgun.  
          SB 404 was not heard by the Senate Public Safety Committee.

          AB 2152 (Neilson) of the 2009-2010 legislative session would 
          have exempted honorably discharged veterans from having to 
          obtain an HSC in order to purchase a handgun.  
          AB 201 failed passage in the Assembly Public Safety Committee.

          AB 2609 (Anderson), of the 2009-2010 legislative session would 
          have exempted honorably discharged veterans from having to 
          obtain an HSC in order to purchase a handgun.  
          AB 201 failed passage in the Assembly Public Safety Committee.

          AB 201 (Samuelian), of the 2003-04 legislative session would 
          have exempted honorably discharged veterans from having to 
          obtain an HSC in order to purchase a handgun. 
          AB 201 failed passage in the Assembly Public Safety Committee.

          AB 2081 (Briggs), of the 2001-02 legislative session would have 
          exempted an honorably discharged veterans from having to obtain 
          an HSC in order to purchase a handgun. 
          AB 2081 failed passage in the Assembly Public Safety Committee.

          SB 1615 (Johannessen), of the 2001-02 legislative session would 
          have exempted an honorably discharged veterans from having to 




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          obtain an HSC in order to purchase a handgun.  
          SB 1615 was not heard by the Senate Public Safety Committee.


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