BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  SB 1446
                                                                  Page  1

          SENATE THIRD READING
          SB 1446 (Negrete McLeod)
          As Amended  August 22, 2012
          Majority vote

           SENATE VOTE  :   37-0
            
           BUSINESS & PROFESSIONS              9-0             
          APPROPRIATIONS      17-0        
           
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          |Ayes:|Hayashi, Bill Berryhill,  |Ayes:|Fuentes, Harkey,          |
          |     |Allen, Butler, Eng,       |     |Blumenfield, Bradford,    |
          |     |Hagman, Hill, Ma, Smyth   |     |Charles Calderon, Campos, |
          |     |                          |     |Davis, Donnelly, Gatto,   |
          |     |                          |     |Hall, Hill, Lara,         |
          |     |                          |     |Mitchell, Nielsen, Norby, |
          |     |                          |     |Solorio, Wagner           |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |     |                          |     |                          |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
           SUMMARY  :  Allows naturopathic doctors (NDs) to independently 
          prescribe and administer vitamins, minerals, amino acids, 
          glutathione, botanicals and their extracts, homeopathic 
          medicines, electrolytes, sugars, and diluents, as specified.  
          Specifically,  this bill  :   

          1)Allows NDs to independently prescribe and administer vitamins, 
            minerals, amino acids, glutathione, botanicals and their 
            extracts, homeopathic medicines, electrolytes, sugars, and 
            diluents that may be administered utilizing routes of 
            administration allowed under current law for NDs, only when 
            such substances are chemically identical to those for sale 
            without a prescription.

          2)Requires an ND, in order to qualify to administer intravenous 
            (IV) therapy in his or her practice pursuant to existing law, 
            to demonstrate that he or she has a current California ND 
            license and has completed a qualifying course on IV therapy 
            from a course provider approved by the Naturopathic Medicine 
            Committee (NMC).

          3)Requires the qualifying course to consist of a minimum of 25 
            classroom hours on IV administration through injection of 
            applicable naturopathic formulary substances, of which at 








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            least 14 classroom hours shall be identified as practicum.  At 
            a minimum, the qualifying course shall have covered all of the 
            following topics:

             a)   Evaluation of laboratory results, including, but not 
               limited to, the fluid status, cardiovascular status, and 
               kidney function of the patient;

             b)   The use of IV fluids, including, but not limited to, 
               osmolarity calculations, diluents, and admixtures pertinent 
               to IV therapeutics;

             c)   Sterile techniques and admixing;

             d)   Vein and site selection, site preparation, and insertion 
               techniques;

             e)   Complications with therapies, nutrient and drug 
               interactions, errors and adverse reactions, reporting 
               errors to appropriate agencies, error prevention, and 
               follow-up with patient complications;

             f)   Emergency protocols, management, and referral;

             g)   Pharmacology, indications, preparation, and IV 
               administration of vitamins, minerals, amino acids, 
               glutathione, botanicals and their extracts, homeopathic 
               medicines, electrolytes, sugars, and diluents;

             h)   Practicum, including, but not limited to, the following:

               i)     Observation of at least 10 IV setups, including 
                 administration and management; and,

               ii)    Successful completion of at least 10 IV setups, 
                 including administration and management; and,

             i)   Successful completion of an examination with 70% or 
               greater correct answers to a minimum of 50 questions, where 
               10% or more of the questions have direct content to the 
               California formulary.

          4)Defines, for the purposes of the qualifying course required by 
            this bill, one classroom hour as 50 minutes out of each 
            60-minute segment, which may include time devoted to 








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            examinations.  No credit shall be granted for distance 
            education, including, but not limited to, correspondence 
            courses, Internet courses, or video or remote television 
            offerings.

          5)Allows the NMC to establish regulations regarding IV 
            administration that are consistent with the education and 
            training of an ND.

          6)Makes conforming and technical changes.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Assembly Appropriations 
          Committee, minor, absorbable costs to the NMC of the Osteopathic 
          Medical Board of California to incorporate this bill's 
          provisions and requirements into regulations related to NDs' 
          administration of IV substances.  These regulations are 
          currently being drafted; thus, this bill's provisions will not 
          add significant costs.

           COMMENTS  :  According to the author, "SB1446 will clarify 
          existing law for NDs pertaining to the prescribing and 
          administration of non-prescription substances that become 
          prescription substances solely depending on the route of 
          administration, i.e. vitamins through IV administration.  
          Currently, the ND Act allows doctors to administer vitamins and 
          minerals orally and intravenously.  However, there is 
          conflicting pharmaceutical law that states any substance 
          administered intravenously must be accompanied by a 
          prescription."

          The Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FDCA) specifies which 
          drugs must be labeled as prescription only.  According to the 
          sponsor, the Legislative Counsel provided a legal background on 
          this issue citing case law and concluding, "Injectable vitamins, 
          because of the method of their use, and certain high dosages of 
          vitamins, because of their toxicity, may require a prescription 
          under (the FDCA)."

          The ND Act allows NDs to utilize routes of administration that 
          include oral, nasal, auricular, ocular, rectal, vaginal, 
          transdermal, intradermal, subcutaneous, IV and intramuscular 
          (IM).  However, the allowance for NDs to utilize these routes of 
          administration for nutritional substances is not mentioned in 
          the independent formulary section of the ND Act.  It only 
          indicates that an ND may furnish and order drugs in accordance 








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          with standardized procedures or protocols developed by the ND 
          and the supervising physician and surgeon.

          The inconsistency between the ND Act and the FDCA, in regards to 
          prescription-only substances, has led to confusion between 
          California NDs and pharmacists.  Some pharmacies interpret the 
          ND Act as permitting an ND to order injectable substances 
          intended to be administered via IV and IM routes.  However, 
          other pharmacies abide by the FDCA, which specifies that 
          substances become prescriptions once they are injected, and 
          refuse to fill prescriptions from NDs for injectable substances.


           Analysis Prepared by  :    Angela Mapp / B.,P. & C.P. / (916) 
          319-3301 


                                                                FN: 0005249