BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                      



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          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                  SB 1450|
          |Office of Senate Floor Analyses   |                         |
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                                    CONSENT


          Bill No:  SB 1450
          Author:   Calderon (D)
          Amended:  4/12/12
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE INSURANCE COMMITTEE  :  8-0, 4/25/12
          AYES:  Calderon, Gaines, Anderson, Corbett, Correa, Lieu, 
            Lowenthal, Wyland
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Price

           SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  Senate Rule 28.8


           SUBJECT  :    Mortgage guaranty insurance

           SOURCE  :     Mortgage Insurance Companies Association


           DIGEST  :    This bill, until January 1, 2018, eliminates 
          requirements that limit the percentage of coverage a 
          mortgage guaranty insurer may provide for the class of 
          insurance that insures against financial loss by reason of 
          nonpayment of principal, interest, and other sums under any 
          evidence of indebtedness secured by a mortgage, deed of 
          trust, or other instrument constituting a first lien or 
          charge on a residential building or a condominium unit or 
          buildings designed for occupancy by not more than four 
          families.

           ANALYSIS  :    Existing law:

          1. Requires a mortgage guaranty insurer to limit its 
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             coverage, for the class of insurance that insures 
             against financial loss by reason of nonpayment of 
             principal, interest, and other sums under any evidence 
             of indebtedness secured by a mortgage, deed of trust, or 
             other instrument constituting a first lien or charge on 
             a residential building or a condominium unit or 
             buildings designed for occupancy by not more than four 
             families, to no more than a net of 30% at risk of the 
             entire indebtedness to the insured, or a mortgage 
             guaranty insurer may elect to pay the entire 
             indebtedness to the insured and acquire title to the 
             authorized real estate security.

          2. Authorizes a mortgage guaranty insurer to extend its 
             coverage for this class of insurance beyond the 
             established limits provided the excess is insured by a 
             contract of reinsurance.

          This bill, until January 1, 2018, deletes those 
          requirements with regard to that class of insurance.

           Background
           
          Mortgage guaranty insurance protects lenders from losses 
          related to a variety of real estate security interests 
          including any note or bond secured by a mortgage, deed of 
          trust, or other instrument that constitutes a lien on real 
          estate.  If the borrower fails to pay, the insurance 
          protects the lender.  These risk-sharing agreements offer 
          stability to the financial market and encourage lending.

           Existing law:  the 30% Cap  .  Insurance Code Section 
          12640.09 prohibits a mortgage guaranty insurer from:

            directly insuring more than 30%
            on an indebtedness or mortgage instrument
            that is a first lien on residential real property 
            designed for four families or less.  

          In case of a loss, the insurer may either:  (1) pay the 
          lender the agreed portion of the loss capped at 30%; or (2) 
          pay the entire outstanding loan balance and take title to 
          the property. 








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           Reinsurance  .  Mortgage guaranty insurers may exceed the 
          limit by shifting some of that risk to other insurers 
          ("reinsurers").

           History of the Cap  .  The limit was originally set at 20%. 
          (Chapter 719, Statutes of 1961)  According to the sponsor, 
          the limit was intended to distribute risk among 
          unaffiliated reinsurers, bring additional capital into the 
          mortgage industry, encourage underwriting discipline, and 
          provide market diversity and stability by recruiting 
          insurers that did not focus on real estate-related risk.  
          Mortgage guaranty insurers were also required to meet 
          certain requirements of surplus capital and premium income.

          The sponsor explains that outside insurers did not respond 
          and the limit failed to bring in new reinsurers.  Mortgage 
          guaranty insurers primarily purchased reinsurance from 
          other mortgage guaranty insurers or assumed their own risk. 
           In 1974, the limit was increased to 25%.  (Chapter 763, 
          Statutes of 1974)

          In the 1980s, regulators and lawmakers adopted rules that 
          allow mortgage guaranty insurers to form affiliates that 
          provide reinsurance back to the parent company.  Existing 
          law requires that each affiliate must obtain its own 
          license and dedicate resources to maintain separate books 
          and comply with separate reporting requirements. 

          In 1996, the limit was increased to its present day level 
          of 30%. Additionally, the Insurance Commissioner was given 
          discretion to increase the limit to as much as 35% in the 
          event that Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac increased insurance 
          requirements for mortgage guaranty insurers.  

          According to the sponsor, reinsurers and regulators 
          dedicate significant financial and human resources towards 
          compliance with a complex system that creates the illusion 
          of reinsurance in form without the real substance of risk 
          spreading and diversification.  

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  No   
          Local:  No

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  4/30/12)







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          Mortgage Insurance Companies Association (source)

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    Mortgage Insurance Companies 
          Association (MICA) supports this bill because it eliminates 
          unnecessary and burdensome restrictions on retained risk 
          and reinsurance.  This bill allows mortgage guaranty 
          insurers to have more capital available for paying claims 
          instead of paying for administrative overhead that serves 
          no discernible purpose.  

          MICA states that this bill also makes California law 
          consistent with 42 of the 51 jurisdictions in the United 
          States (including the District of Columbia).  

          Additionally, MICA argues consolidating the underwriting 
          and finances of a mortgage guaranty insurer into a single 
          entity will make it easier for regulators to understand the 
          insurance and financial dynamics of the insurer.


          JJA:kc  4/30/12   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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