BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






           SENATE TRANSPORTATION & HOUSING COMMITTEE       BILL NO: SB 1472
          SENATOR MARK DESAULNIER, CHAIRMAN              AUTHOR:  pavley
                                                         VERSION: 4/11/12
          Analysis by:  Mark Stivers                     FISCAL:  no
          Hearing date:  April 17, 2012



          SUBJECT:

          Maintenance of foreclosed properties

          DESCRIPTION:

          This bill provides certain purchasers of foreclosed residential 
          properties 60 days to remedy code violations before being 
          subject to enforcement actions and eliminates the sunset on 
          existing provisions requiring an owner of a foreclosed, vacant, 
          residential property to maintain the property.

          ANALYSIS:

          Under Section 17980 of the Health and Safety Code, a local 
          government enforcement agency may issue a notice of violation to 
          the owner of a residential property for the failure to comply 
          with building codes or for the existence of a nuisance on the 
          property.  After giving the owner 30 day notice to abate the 
          violation or nuisance, or a shorter period of time if deemed 
          necessary to prevent or remedy an immediate threat to the health 
          and safety of the public or occupants of the structure, the 
          enforcement agency may institute any appropriate action or 
          proceeding to prevent, restrain, correct, or abate the violation 
          or nuisance.  

          These actions or proceedings may include civil fines, 
          prosecution of the owner for a misdemeanor, and in the case of a 
          property that meets the definition of a substandard building, 
          court appointment of a receiver.  If a court appoints a 
          receiver, the receiver takes full and complete control of the 
          property, collects rents, and pays all operating expenses.  The 
          receiver also hires contractors to remedy the code violations.  
          For his or her services, the receiver is entitled to the same 
          fees, commissions, and necessary expenses as receivers in 
          actions to foreclose mortgages.  If the rents and other income 
          from the property are insufficient to cover the costs of repair, 
          the receiver may borrow funds and, with court approval, secure 




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          that debt and any unrecovered costs and fees of the receiver 
          with a lien against the property.  

          A different section of law in the Civil Code, until January 1, 
          2013, requires the owner of a foreclosed, vacant, residential 
          property to maintain the property.  In this context, maintaining 
          the property means caring for the exterior of the property, 
          including, but not limited to, preventing excessive foliage 
          growth that diminishes the value of surrounding properties, 
          preventing trespassers or squatters from remaining on the 
          property, preventing mosquito larvae from growing in standing 
          water, and preventing other conditions that create a public 
          nuisance.  After giving the owner at least 30 days to remedy the 
          violations, or less if conditions on the property threatens 
          public health or safety, a governmental entity may impose a fine 
          of up to $1000 per day for a violation of these requirements.  
          The governmental agency must allow for a hearing and the 
          opportunity to contest any fine imposed.  Current law directs 
          these fine revenues to local nuisance abatement programs.

           This bill  :

           With respect to code enforcement actions under Section 17980 
            of the Health and Safety Code and except in the case of an 
            immediate threat to the health and safety of the public or 
            occupants, requires an enforcement agency to give a property 
            owner 60 days, as opposed to the normal 30 days, to remedy a 
            violation before commencing any action or proceeding if the 
            property was foreclosed upon after January 1, 2008, the owner 
            has purchased the property, and the owner is in the process of 
            abating the violation.

           Requires any entity releasing a lien securing a deed of trust 
            or mortgage on a property for which a code enforcement agency 
            has recorded a notice of pending action to notify the 
            enforcement agency within 30 days of releasing the lien.

           Allows a receiver for substandard residential property to seek 
            a court order ordering the property owner to pay all 
            unrecovered costs associated with a receivership.  

           Deletes the sunset on the Civil Code provisions requiring an 
            owner of a foreclosed, vacant, residential property to 
            maintain the property.

          COMMENTS:




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           1.Purpose of the bill  .  According to the author, blight remains 
            a significant problem in communities throughout California as 
            a result of the foreclosure crisis.  A number of foreclosed 
            properties are left vacant with stagnant swimming pools that 
            spawn mosquitoes.  Empty rooms lure squatters.  Vandals, brown 
            lawns, and overgrown vegetation are creating eyesores and fire 
            hazards. 

            Neglected, foreclosed properties subject the neighborhood and 
            municipality to drug crimes, prostitution, vagrants living in 
            the foreclosed properties, vandalism, and a host of other 
            social ills.  As foreclosed properties fall deeper into 
            disrepair, the values of the surrounding homes and businesses 
            also deteriorate alarmingly, further adding to the 
            "foreclosure blight" and destruction of whole neighborhoods.

            This bill seeks to address blight associated with foreclosures 
            by providing an incentive to potential homebuyers, investors, 
            or developers to purchase blighted properties by preventing 
            code enforcement actions against the new purchaser for 60 
            days, provided repairs are being made to the property, and by 
            making permanent the Civil Code tools that allow local 
            agencies to combat blight with fines of up to $1,000 per 
            violation per day. 

           2.No data on the use of the Civil Code section  .  The current 
            provisions of the Civil Code that allow a governmental entity 
            to fine the owner of a foreclosed, vacant, residential 
            property for failure to maintain the property have been in 
            effect since July 8, 2008.  This bill would eliminate the 2013 
            sunset date on these provisions.  It is not clear what impact, 
            if any, these provisions have had to date.  Has the deterrent 
            effect encouraged property owners to maintain foreclosed 
            properties?  How many, if any, local governments have issued 
            citations under this law?  Have they been able to collect 
            fines imposed?  The League of California Cities is currently 
            conducting a survey of its members seeking answers to some of 
            these questions.  Given this lack of data, the committee may 
            wish to consider extending rather than eliminating the law's 
            2013 sunset date.

           3.Purpose of the lien release section  .  This bill requires any 
            entity releasing a lien securing a deed of trust or mortgage 
            on a property for which a code enforcement agency has recorded 
            a notice of pending action to notify the enforcement agency 




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            within 30 days of releasing the lien.  This provision reflects 
            a piece of the National Mortgage Settlement Agreement, which 
            requires loan servicers, when making a determination not to 
            pursue foreclosure action on a property with respect to a 
            first lien mortgage loan, to notify local authorities, such as 
            tax authorities, courts, or code enforcement departments.  The 
            intent of this provision is to expedite enforcement or 
            condemnation of a nuisance property.

           4.Suggested amendments  :

                 On page 4, line 5 after "programs" insert ", including 
               but not limited to, legal abatement proceedings"
                 On page 4, line 32 after "of" insert "diligently"
                 On page 4, line 37 after "agency" insert "in its sole 
               discretion"
                 On page 4, line 38 after the second "the" insert 
               "neighboring community,"
                 On page 4, line 38 after "public" insert a comma.
                 On page 5, line 7 after "agency" insert "in writing"
                 On page 10, line 8 after "receiver" insert "or an 
               enforcement agency"

           1.Double referral  .  The Rules Committee has referred this bill 
            to both this committee and the Judiciary Committee.
          
          POSITIONS:  (Communicated to the committee before noon on 
          Wednesday,                                             April 11, 
          2012 )

               SUPPORT:  Attorney General Kamala Harris (sponsor)
                         California Professional Firefighters

          
               OPPOSED:  None received.