BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                      



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          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                  SB 1472|
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                                 THIRD READING


          Bill No:  SB 1472
          Author:   Pavley (D), et al.
          Amended:  4/11/12
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE TRANSPORTATION & HOUSING COMMITTEE :  9-0, 4/17/12
          AYES:  DeSaulnier, Gaines, Harman, Kehoe, Lowenthal, 
            Pavley, Rubio, Simitian, Wyland

           SENATE JUDICIARY COMMITTEE  :  5-0, 4/24/12
          AYES:  Evans, Harman, Blakeslee, Corbett, Leno


           SUBJECT  :    Maintenance of foreclosed properties

           SOURCE  :     Attorney General Kamala Harris


           DIGEST  :    This bill provides certain purchasers of 
          foreclosed residential properties 60 days to remedy code 
          violations before being subject to enforcement actions and 
          eliminates the sunset on existing provisions requiring an 
          owner of a foreclosed, vacant, residential property to 
          maintain the property.

           ANALYSIS  :    Under Section 17980 of the Health and Safety 
          Code, a local government enforcement agency may issue a 
          notice of violation to the owner of a residential property 
          for the failure to comply with building codes or for the 
          existence of a nuisance on the property.  After giving the 
          owner 30 day notice to abate the violation or nuisance, or 
          a shorter period of time if deemed necessary to prevent or 
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          remedy an immediate threat to the health and safety of the 
          public or occupants of the structure, the enforcement 
          agency may institute any appropriate action or proceeding 
          to prevent, restrain, correct, or abate the violation or 
          nuisance.  

          These actions or proceedings may include civil fines, 
          prosecution of the owner for a misdemeanor, and in the case 
          of a property that meets the definition of a substandard 
          building, court appointment of a receiver.  If a court 
          appoints a receiver, the receiver takes full and complete 
          control of the property, collects rents, and pays all 
          operating expenses.  The receiver also hires contractors to 
          remedy the code violations.  For his/her services, the 
          receiver is entitled to the same fees, commissions, and 
          necessary expenses as receivers in actions to foreclose 
          mortgages.  If the rents and other income from the property 
          are insufficient to cover the costs of repair, the receiver 
          may borrow funds and, with court approval, secure that debt 
          and any unrecovered costs and fees of the receiver with a 
          lien against the property.  

          A different section of law in the Civil Code, until January 
          1, 2013, requires the owner of a foreclosed, vacant, 
          residential property to maintain the property.  In this 
          context, maintaining the property means caring for the 
          exterior of the property, including, but not limited to, 
          preventing excessive foliage growth that diminishes the 
          value of surrounding properties, preventing trespassers or 
          squatters from remaining on the property, preventing 
          mosquito larvae from growing in standing water, and 
          preventing other conditions that create a public nuisance.  
          After giving the owner at least 30 days to remedy the 
          violations, or less if conditions on the property threatens 
          public health or safety, a governmental entity may impose a 
          fine of up to $1000 per day for a violation of these 
          requirements.  The governmental agency must allow for a 
          hearing and the opportunity to contest any fine imposed.  
          Current law directs these fine revenues to local nuisance 
          abatement programs.

          This bill:

          1.With respect to code enforcement actions under Section 

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            17980 of the Health and Safety Code and except in the 
            case of an immediate threat to the health and safety of 
            the public or occupants, requires an enforcement agency 
            to give a property owner 60 days, as opposed to the 
            normal 30 days, to remedy a violation before commencing 
            any action or proceeding if the property was foreclosed 
            upon after January 1, 2008, the owner has purchased the 
            property, and the owner is in the process of abating the 
            violation.

          2.Requires any entity releasing a lien securing a deed of 
            trust or mortgage on a property for which a code 
            enforcement agency has recorded a notice of pending 
            action to notify the enforcement agency within 30 days of 
            releasing the lien.

          3.Allows a receiver for substandard residential property to 
            seek a court order ordering the property owner to pay all 
            unrecovered costs associated with a receivership.  

          4.Deletes the sunset on the Civil Code provisions requiring 
            an owner of a foreclosed, vacant, residential property to 
            maintain the property.

           Background
          
          California leads the nation with one of the highest rates 
          of foreclosures.  According to RealtyTrac, in California, 
          one in every 303 housing units received a foreclosure 
          filing in March 2012, and 48,422 houses received a 
          foreclosure notice in February alone.  The San Diego 
          CityBeat newspaper recently described the impact of 
          blighted foreclosed properties on neighborhoods, noting:

             . . .  foreclosed, abandoned and neglected properties- 
             largely clustered in San Diego's low-income 
             neighborhoods-continue to be magnets for squatters, drug 
             dealers, prostitutes and stray animals, reducing 
             property values and potentially becoming public-health 
             hazards.  . . .  �CityBeat's Kelly Davis'] piece led 
             with the tale of Gabriela Castellanos, who had to close 
             her home daycare business in Mountain View because 
             parents were too concerned about the conditions and 
             unseemly characters around nearby abandoned homes.  

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             Davis reported that a study by CPI �Center for Policy 
             Initiatives] and ACCE �Alliance of Californians for 
             Community Empowerment] found that an estimated 57,000 
             foreclosures in San Diego between 2008 and 2012 would 
             cost the city upwards of $134 million in police, fire 
             and code-enforcement services and result in more than 
             $19 billion in lost property value.  (San Diego 
             CityBeat, "Fixing San Diego's foreclosure blight," April 
             11, 2012.)

          Over the past few years, the California Legislature has 
          passed legislation in an effort to respond to the ongoing 
          foreclosure crisis.  In 2008, the Legislature passed and 
          the Governor signed SB 1137 (Perata, Corbett, Machado), 
          Chapter 69, Statutes of 2008, an urgency measure intended 
          to, among other things, encourage loan modifications in 
          order to prevent avoidable foreclosures.  SB 1137 also 
          included provisions to empower local governments to protect 
          residents from blight caused by foreclosed properties.  
          Those provisions, which sunset January 1, 2013, require a 
          legal owner to maintain vacant residential property, as 
          specified, and allow for the imposition of fines for the 
          failure to maintain that property.  

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  No   
          Local:  No

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  4/24/12)

          Attorney General Kamala Harris (source)
          California Bankers Association
          California Chamber of Commerce
          California Credit Union League
          California Financial Services Association
          California Independent Bankers
          California Mortgage Association
          California Mortgage Bankers Association
          California Nurses Association
          California Professional Firefighters
          Public Counsel
          United Trustees Association

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    According to the author's office, 
          blight remains a significant problem in communities 

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          throughout California as a result of the foreclosure 
          crisis.  A number of foreclosed properties are left vacant 
          with stagnant swimming pools that spawn mosquitoes.  Empty 
          rooms lure squatters.  Vandals, brown lawns, and overgrown 
          vegetation are creating eyesores and fire hazards. 

          Neglected, foreclosed properties subject the neighborhood 
          and municipality to drug crimes, prostitution, and vagrants 
          living in the foreclosed properties, vandalism, and a host 
          of other social ills.  As foreclosed properties fall deeper 
          into disrepair, the values of the surrounding homes and 
          businesses also deteriorate alarmingly, further adding to 
          the "foreclosure blight" and destruction of whole 
          neighborhoods.

          This bill seeks to address blight associated with 
          foreclosures by providing an incentive to potential 
          homebuyers, investors, or developers to purchase blighted 
          properties by preventing code enforcement actions against 
          the new purchaser for 60 days, provided repairs are being 
          made to the property, and 
          by making permanent the Civil Code tools that allow local 
          agencies to combat blight with fines of up to $1,000 per 
          violation per day.


          JJA:do  4/25/12   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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