BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                      



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          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                  SB 1509|
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                                 THIRD READING


          Bill No:  SB 1509
          Author:   Simitian (D), et al.
          Amended:  4/18/12
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE EDUCATION COMMITTEE  :  7-0, 4/11/12
          AYES:  Lowenthal, Alquist, Blakeslee, Huff, Liu, Simitian, 
            Vargas
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Runner, Hancock, Price, Vacancy

           SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  6-0, 4/30/12
          AYES:  Kehoe, Alquist, Dutton, Lieu, Price, Steinberg
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Walters


           SUBJECT  :    School facilities:  design-build contracts

           SOURCE  :     Author


           DIGEST  :    This bill deletes the existing sunset on the 
          authority of school districts and community college 
          districts to enter into a design-build contract for the 
          design and construction of a school facility and community 
          college facility, thereby permanently establishing the 
          authority of K-12 districts to enter into design-build 
          contracts.

           ANALYSIS  :    Existing law authorizes a school district 
          governing board to enter into a design-build contract for 
          the design and construction of a school facility for 
          projects in excess of $2,500,000 if, after evaluating 
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          traditional design-bid-build and design build processes in 
          a public meeting, the governing board makes written 
          findings that use of the design-build process on a specific 
          project will either:

          1. Reduce comparable project costs.
          2. Expedite the project's completion.
          3. Provide features not achievable through the traditional 
             design-bid-build method. 

          Existing law establishes specific procedures for the 
          progression of a K-12 school facility design-build project, 
          outlines the specific elements to be included in a request 
          for proposal (including significant factors, subfactors, 
          methodology, rating and weighting schemes for evaluating 
          proposals), and establishes, among other things, 
          pre-qualification, bonding, and labor compliance program 
          requirements.

          Existing law also provides parallel authority, procedures 
          and requirements for community college district governing 
          boards to conduct design build projects. 

          This bill deletes the existing sunset on the authority of 
          school districts and community college districts to enter 
          into a design-build contract for the design and 
          construction of a school facility and community college 
          facility, thereby permanently establishing the authority of 
          K-12 districts to enter into design-build contracts.

           Comments
           
           What is design-build?   There are two primary construction 
          delivery systems used in the public and private sectors, 
          "design-bid-build" and "design-build."  

          Existing law requires that school districts award 
          construction contracts over $15,000 to the lowest 
          responsible bidder.  Existing law also allows contracts for 
          architectural services to be awarded on the basis of 
          demonstrated competence and professional qualifications to 
          be performed at a fair and reasonable price (not 
          necessarily lowest bidder).  These laws have meant that 
          schools (and most public construction work) have been built 

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          using a "design-bid-build" methodology wherein a separate 
          contract is awarded for the design work by an architect and 
          another contract is awarded to the lowest responsible 
          bidder for the construction.

          In the 1990's, the state began the enactment of various 
          legislation authorizing state and local entities to use a 
          "design-build" system under specified circumstances.   
          Under this approach a single contract is awarded to a 
          professional team, a "design-build" entity, to conduct both 
          types of work.  Rather than awarding such a contract to the 
          lowest responsible bidder, it may be awarded on the basis 
          of the experience and qualifications of the competitors, or 
          on a determination that a particular competitor provides 
          the best value to the project.  

           Related reports  .  In February 2005, the Legislative Analyst 
          Office (LAO) issued a report on Design-Build:  An 
          Alternative Construction System in which it reported its 
          consolidated findings on design-build across several public 
          works sectors.  The LAO made the following recommendations:

          1. The state should adopt a single statute applying to all 
             public entities.

          2. Design-build be available as an option and not a 
             replacement for "design-bid-build."

          3. Contracts for most of the project costs should be 
             objectively awarded based on competitive bidding. 

          4. No cost threshold should be imposed on the authority to 
             use design-build.

          5. Access for small and newly established contractors 
             should be assured by requiring that design build 
             contracts be awarded to contractors with experience and 
             qualifications that are consistent with the needs of the 
             project, rather than limited to the biggest and 
             longest-established firms.

          6. The authority should only be granted to construct 
             buildings and directly related infrastructure given the 
             more complex issues associated with transportation, 

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             public transit, and water resources facilities. 

          The LAO also noted that advantages of the design-build 
          delivery method included price certainty, avoidance of 
          conflicts and disputes between the architect/engineer and 
          the construction contractor, involvement of the builder in 
          the design process, faster project delivery, and less need 
          for technical staff to manage projects within the public 
          agency.  Disadvantages noted included a limited assurance 
          of quality control since the building is not typically 
          defined in detail at the time of entering into the 
          contract, a more subjective process for awarding contracts 
          and evaluating qualifications and experience, and limited 
          access for small contractors without the range of 
          experience of larger, long-established firms. 

          In January 2010, the LAO presented a summary of reports 
          received from California counties that had completed 
          construction projects using the design-build delivery 
          method, as required under the legislation extending 
          design-build authority to county governments (Public 
          Contract Code Section 20133). 

          1. The LAO noted that although difficult to draw 
             conclusions from the reports received about the 
             effectiveness of design-build compared to other project 
             delivery methods, there was no evidence to discourage 
             the Legislature from granting design-build authority to 
             local agencies on an ongoing basis.  

          2. The LAO also recommended that the Legislature consider 
             some changes such as creating uniform design-build 
             statute, eliminating cost limitations, and requiring 
             project cost to be a larger factor in awarding the 
             design-build contract.

           Prior Legislation
           
          AB 1402 (Simitian), Chapter 421, Statutes of 2001, 
          authorized K-12 school districts to enter into design-build 
          contracts for construction of school facilities costing in 
          excess of 10,000,000.  The bill also required the LAO to 
          submit a report by January 1, 2006, providing specified 
          information and making recommendations for changing the 

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          design-build legislation.  It also provided for the repeal 
          of its provisions as of January 1, 2007.

          AB 1000 (Simitian), Chapter 637, Statutes of 2002, 
          authorized three specific community college districts (Los 
          Angeles Community College District, San Jose-Evergreen 
          Community College District and the San Mateo Community 
          College District) to enter into design-build contracts for 
          construction of facilities costing in excess of $10 
          million.  In addition, the bill authorized the Chancellor 
          of the California Community Colleges to select up to five 
          community college facility construction projects from 
          districts other than the three specified to use the design 
          build procedures established by the bill's provisions.   It 
          also required a report from the LAO by January 1, 2007, 
          providing specified information and making recommendations 
          for changing the design-build legislation.  The bill 
          provided for the repeal of its provisions as of January 1, 
          2008.

          Proposition 1D, authorized by AB 127 (Nunez and Perata) and 
          approved by the voters in November 2006, provided $7.3 
          billion for K-12 and $3.1 billion for higher education 
          facilities construction and modernization projects.  Among 
          its provisions, AB 127 extended the repeal dates on the 
          design-build statutes established by AB 1402 and AB 1000 to 
          January 1, 2010, and January 1, 2011, respectively.
           
          SB 614 (Simitian), Chapter 471, Statutes of 2007, made 
          various changes to the design build provisions including, 
          reducing the contract threshold for these projects from $10 
          million to $2.5 million, extending the authority to enter 
          into a design-build contract to all community college 
          districts, and extending the sunset of the design build 
          provisions to January 1, 2014.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  Yes   
          Local:  No

          According to the Senate Appropriations Committee analysis, 
          "No direct state costs.  The savings or costs associated 
          with the local authority made permanent by this bill are 
          subject to the appropriate assessment of the contracting 
          market."

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           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  5/7/12)

          American Council of Engineering Companies
          Associated General Contractors
          Coalition for Adequate School Housing
          Community College Chancellor's Office
          Community College Facility Coalition
          Community College League of California
          County School Facilities Consortium
          Design-Build Institute of America, Western Pacific Region
          Los Angeles Unified School District
          Los Rios, Community College District
          Rio Hondo Community College District
          San Diego Community College District
          San Francisco Unified School District
          San Mateo County Community College District

           OPPOSITION  :    (Verified  5/1/12)

          AFSCME, AFL-CIO
          Professional Engineers in California Government

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    According to the author's office, 
          design-build is an alternative procurement method which 
          allows schools to merge architectural, engineering and 
          construction services in a single package. Procuring 
          services in one comprehensive package provides local 
          districts with cost certainty, and expedited project 
          delivery on school construction. 

          A 2010 LAO report stated that it found no evidence to 
          discourage the legislature from granting design-build 
          authority to local districts on an ongoing basis.  
          Additionally multiple LAO reports cite design build 
          authority as a 'useful alternative' for construction.  
          Preserving design-build authority ensures that schools are 
          equipped with the tools they need to meet their unique 
          construction needs.  
           
           ARGUMENTS IN OPPOSITION  :    Opponents argue the 
          design-build process circumvents the competitive bidding 
          process which is used in the local levels of government.  
          The competitive bidding process requires the usage of the 

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          lowest responsible bidding, which saves money for the local 
          government as well as allowing for the usage of the best 
          contractors and subcontractors to do the job.  
          Unfortunately, design-build does not allow for the lowest 
          responsible bidder, and as a result, AFSCME does not 
          believe that continuing this process would save schools 
          money.  

          While design-build is a useful method of construction 
          delivery in cases of emergency or where urgent development 
          is necessary, this bill lacks any sense of urgency in 
          requiring the usage of design-build.  Without any external 
          circumstances such as an emergency, it should be necessary 
          to utilize the competitive bidding process for construction 
          delivery.  Design-build can circumvent local contracts from 
          being involved in the construction.  
           

          PQ:kc  5/7/12   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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