BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �




                   Senate Appropriations Committee Fiscal Summary
                            Senator Kevin de Le�n, Chair


          AB 43 (Bocanegra) - Sales and Use Tax: Claims for Refund:  
          Consumer Refund
          
          Amended: August  5, 2014        Policy Vote: G&F 7-0
          Urgency: No                     Mandate: No
          Hearing Date: August 11, 2014                           
          Consultant: Robert Ingenito     
          
          This bill meets the criteria for referral to the Suspense File.


          Bill Summary: AB 43 would authorize a retailer to make an  
          irrevocable election to assign to a customer the right to  
          receive a sales and use tax (SUT) refund if specified criteria  
          are met. 

          Fiscal Impact: 
                 The Board of Equalization (BOE) would incur costs  
               estimated to be in the low hundreds of thousands of dollars  
               to implement the provisions of the bill. Roughly half of  
               this amount would come from the General Fund, while the  
               remainder would come from local SUT funds. 

                 Under the bill, customers would be able to file a claim  
               for refund; consequently, the number of claims filed could  
               increase. However, the resulting decrease in revenue  
               represents funds the State initially overcollected relative  
               to current SUT law. 
           
          
          Background: Under current law, when a customer overpays sales  
          tax to the retailer, the customer must obtain a refund directly  
          from the retailer. Current law allows BOE to issue a refund for  
          excess tax reimbursement only to the retailer that collected and  
          reported the sales tax.

          Proposed Law: This bill would authorize a retailer to make an  
          irrevocable election to assign the right to receive a refund of  
          excess tax reimbursement to a single customer so that BOE may  
          make a direct refund to the customer if all of the following  
          conditions are met:









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                 The amount is in excess of the actual tax owed, pursuant  
               to existing law.

                 The irrevocable election to assign to the customer the  
               amount refunded is provided by a statement signed by the  
               customer authorizing the named customer to receive a  
               refund.

                 The signed statement is submitted to the BOE in  
               conjunction with the person's claim for refund.

                 The amount to be refunded is $50,000 or greater.  

          
          Staff Comments: The previous version of this bill (January 6,  
          2014) proposed a single change to current law; namely, it  
          allowed a retailer to assign its right to receive a refund  
          payment to a customer. The current version of the bill proposes  
          a second change as well: permitting a retailer to assign to a  
          customer its right to file a claim for refund. This second  
          change would increase BOE's administrative costs by hundreds of  
          thousands of dollars annually.  

          Specifically, to implement AB 43 as amended on January 6, 2014  
          (the version that allows a retailer to assign its right to  
          receive a refund payment to a customer), BOE's implementation  
          (assuming a single customer) would look as follows:

                 Staff would develop an assignment form, as part of BOE's  
               Claim for Refund Form BT-101. 
             
                 Both the retailer and customer would sign this form.

                 The retailer would file the Claim for Refund, which  
               would include the assignment form.

                 BOE staff would request the necessary documentation from  
               the retailer (including sales invoices, sales journal,  
               sales tax working papers, sales tax returns, and local tax  
               schedules).

                 BOE staff would examine the retailer's records and  
               process the refund to the single customer.









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          Thus, the only additional workload arising from the January 6,  
          2014 version of the bill relative to current law would come at  
          the end of the refund process when BOE has approved the refund  
          and is ready to issue a warrant.  At that time, BOE would verify  
          the customer's information on the assignment form, enter the  
          information into the its IT system, and then issue the warrant  
          to the customer.  All of the processing would be contained  
          within the retailer's account.

          For example, consider a retailer of farm equipment that makes  
          sales of equipment to 10 farmers.  Subsequently, it is  
          determined that the farm equipment qualifies for the partial  
          state SUT exemption for farm equipment and machinery. The  
          retailer would complete one claim for refund with multiple  
          assignment forms (ten total, one for each farmer). A BOE auditor  
          would (1) travel to the retailer's place of business, (2)  
          confirm that the sales invoices verify that the tax was reported  
          to BOE, and (3) approve the refund.  BOE's Refund Section would  
          amend the retailer's returns in its IT system.  The auditor then  
          would then enter the assignment information and generate a  
          schedule to be sent to the State Controller's Office, which  
          would issue a warrant to each of the 10 farmers.  

          Next, consider how AB 43 as currently written would be  
          implemented (where the retailer can assign its right to file a  
          claim for refund to the customer). Under this scenario, BOE's  
          implementation/complications would look as follows:

                 Staff would develop an assignment form, as part of BOE's  
               Claim for Refund Form BT-101.
                 
                 The retailer would complete and sign the assignment  
               form, but the customer would file the claim for refund  
               (including the assignment form) with BOE. 

                 In order to verify that the tax was paid to BOE, staff  
               would contact the retailer to obtain the necessary  
               documentation (sales journal pages, sales tax working  
               papers, returns, and possibly sales invoice information).   
               If there is a large volume of records to examine, a Board  
               auditor may have to conduct the examination at the  
               retailer's place of business. 









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                 There are a number of problems that can arise when the  
               customer files a claim for refund.  First, the customer may  
               not realize that a purchase transaction is outside the  
               statute of limitations for issuing a refund (generally  
               three years from the due date of the return for which the  
               overpayment was made). In addition, in the case where a  
               customer has more than one vendor, BOE staff would have to  
               issue a separate audit report or field investigation report  
               for each retailer.  This is necessary because BOE has to  
               amend each retailer's return or returns.  This causes two  
               reports to be issued instead of one report, which would be  
               the case under the assignment of a refund payment only  
               provisions.   In addition, the customer may not have the  
               documentation for BOE to validate and approve a refund.
           
                 In addition, when a retailer assigns its right to file a  
               claim for refund to its customer, the customer would now  
               have appeal rights.  However, the customer would have to  
               file a separate appeal for each vendor/retailer.  Whereas  
               under the assignment for the refund payment only, if the  
               Board denies a retailer's claim for refund (which can  
               include multiple customers), the retailer files one appeal  
               for the multiple transactions.  

                 BOE staff could experience some workload issues  
               concerning customers calculating purchases to arrive at the  
               $50,000 threshold.   For example, if a farmer makes five  
               purchases of farm equipment each at $10,000 in SUT over a  
               two-year period, if one purchase is outside the statute of  
               limitation, then the farmer will not meet the $50,000  
               threshold.  In addition, the assignment is between one  
               retailer and a one customer ("a single customer").  This  
               means that a parent company with five subsidiaries cannot  
               count all of the subsidiaries' purchases for purposes of  
               reaching the $50,000 threshold.  The subsidiary must have  
               purchased directly from the retailer.  In other words, a  
               parent company cannot aggregate its related  
               entities/subsidiaries for purposes of reaching the  
               threshold.  Under SUT Law, a subsidiary is a separate  
               entity/person from its parent.

                 Thus, staff could expect more administrative problems as  
               noted above, and therefore more processing in the case  
               where a customer is allowed to file a claim for refund.   








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               Another problem that causes complication is that some of  
               the customers will not hold a permit with the Board.  Now,  
               that can also be the case under the assignment of the  
               refund payment only.  There is just a greater workload to  
               process a refund versus cutting a check. 

                 Under a scenario with a customer and only a few  
               purchases and one retailer, the processing will not be that  
               much more under the previous version of the bill. It's a  
               scenario with one customer and multiple vendors with  
               multiple transactions that complicates the refund process 

                 A retailer assigning its right to file a claim for  
               refund to the customer creates the possibility of BOE  
               issuing duplicate tax refunds. This is the reason BOE cites  
               the need to develop a database to track refunds.  


          Consequently, BOE would likely experience workload costs  
          resulting from the current version of bill, in the hundreds of  
          thousands of dollars annually.