BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



                                                                  AJR 39
                                                                  Page  1


          ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
          AJR 39 (Roger Hernández)
          As Amended  March 13, 2014
          Majority vote 

           UTILITIES & COMMERCE              12-0                          
           
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
          |Ayes:|Bradford, Bonilla,        |     |                          |
          |     |Buchanan, Dahle,          |     |                          |
          |     |Jones-Sawyer, Garcia,     |     |                          |
          |     |Roger Hernández, Jones,   |     |                          |
          |     |Mullin, Quirk, Rendon,    |     |                          |
          |     |Skinner                   |     |                          |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |     |                          |     |                          |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
           SUMMARY  :  Urges the United States Congress to amend a specified  
          federal law to allow states and their municipalities to  
          determine the best use of public, education, and government  
          (PEG) channel support.  

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  Unknown.  This resolution is keyed non-fiscal by  
          the Legislative Counsel. 

           COMMENTS  :  According to the author, "in this modern age,  
          residents rely on information to be delivered via public,  
          educational and government channels.  These PEG channels offer  
          residents an opportunity to become fully aware of what is taking  
          place in their local communities.  Public-access channels allow  
          citizens to become better informed on local decisions by their  
          elected representatives, educational and cultural programming.   
          Currently, PEG funds are restricted to the use of capital  
          expenses, such as equipment, maintenance, upgrades, and sets,  
          but cannot be used for legitimate operational expenses such as  
          labor, administration or research.  Assembly Joint Resolution  
          (AJR) 39 urges Congress to allow states and their municipalities  
          to determine the best use of public, educational and government  
          funds."

           1)Background  :  PEG channels are public access channels that  
            afford citizens with the
            opportunity to connect with their communities, engage in civic  
            activity, and obtain cultural information.  Although PEG  








                                                                  AJR 39
                                                                  Page  2


            channels are not mandated by federal law, the law stipulates  
            how PEG channels fees can be used by local franchising  
            authorities.  Cable subscribers pay 5% of their bill as a  
            franchise fee to the local government, and local governments  
            cannot impose additional costs beyond that 5%.  However,  
            federal law does require a cable television service provider  
            to set aside channel capacity and provide financial support  
            for PEG access channels and restricts PEG channel funds to  
            capital expenses such as equipment, maintenance, upgrades and  
            studio staging.  The federal government wanted to ensure local  
            governments were contributing to the community as well, thus  
            limiting the 1% PEG fee to capital expenditures.  This  
            provision has not been updated in federal law since 1984. 

            In 2006, the Legislature passed the Digital Infrastructure and  
            Video Competition Act (DIVCA) with goals to promote rapid,  
            widespread competition in broadband and video markets and  
            accelerate the deployment of additional infrastructure in  
            California.  DIVCA is implemented by the California Public  
            Utilities Commission (PUC) and addresses video franchising and  
            other broadband related issues.  DIVCA fundamentally changed  
            video franchising within California by transferring the  
            authority for issuing franchises for the provision of video  
            services from local entities to the State of California.   
            Historically, local entities, primarily cities, counties and  
            special districts issued cable television franchises. This  
            required cable operators to negotiate separate franchise  
            agreements with each locality where they wished to provide  
            video service. 

            Some jurisdictions used PEG fees to open PEG access centers.   
            These centers provide community groups and individuals free  
            access to video production facilities and equipment.   
            According to the author, since 2007 approximately 51 PEG  
            access centers have closed.  It is unknown how many of these  
            centers remain open.  

            Some may argue that at the time the United States Federal  
            Communications Commission (FCC) began requiring cable  
            operators to provide local origination programming to connect  
            communities, mass communication was limited to local  
            newspapers, public broadcasting, and cable television systems.  
             Today, individuals can communicate to their communities  
            through emerging broadband technologies like Twitter, YouTube,  








                                                                  AJR 39
                                                                  Page  3


            and Facebook, enhancing the right to "freedom of speech" to  
            new levels.  With the availability of these new and emerging  
            technologies, requiring cable companies to continue to provide  
            a channel for PEG programming may no longer be necessary.

           2)A message to Congress  :  In light of the concerns raised by  
            local jurisdictions, that have
            excessively low PEG channel revenue streams and caused PEG  
            centers to close their operations, this AJR specifically calls  
            on the U.S. Congress to amend Section 542 of Title 47 of the  
            US Code to:

             a)   Allow states and their municipalities to determine the  
               best use of PEG channel support.

             b)   Restore and protect funding for PEG operations.

             c)   To allow states and local governments the flexibility to  
               use PEG funding for legitimate expenses other than capitol  
               expenses.

             d)   Ensure PEG channels are transmitted without charge to  
               local governments.

           3)Support  : The City of Whittier writes in support of this  
            resolution.  The City operates one PEG channel to show City  
            Council meetings, Planning Commission meetings, public  
            hearings, candidate forums, and other events important to the  
            community.  According to the City, "our residents are  
            typically very engaged in local issues and rely on this  
            information to develop their opinions so they can provide  
            educated public input to local governance.  The Whittier City  
            Council unanimously supports the PEG channel as a very  
            effective means of making government activities transparent  
            and open.   

            "AJR 39 is important to the City of Whittier as it will remove  
            use restrictions on PEG channel access fees and prevent video  
            providers from charging municipalities for transmission of PEG  
            channels.  The measure will allow us the flexibility to use  
            PEG funding for operational expenses as well as capital  
            expenses."

            The Marin Telecommunications Agency (MTA) supports this  








                                                                  AJR 39
                                                                  Page  4


            resolution.  MTA administers video franchises and contracts  
            with a nonprofit organization to operate PEG access channels,  
            and operate and manage the Media Center for public, education  
            and government use to develop programming for the PEG.   
            According to MTA, "AJR 39 will provide solutions for critical  
            and immediate threats to PEG channels and facilities in  
            California and across the country by removing use restrictions  
            on PEG channel access fees, restoring PEG channel revenue  
            streams, and preventing video providers from charging  
            municipalities for the transmission of the PEG channels."

           4)Opposition  : The California Cable & Telecommunications  
            Association (CCTA) opposes 
            this resolution noting that pursuant both federal and state  
            law, in most cases cable operators provide 1 percent of their  
            gross revenues in a franchise area to support the capital  
            costs associated with providing PEG programming. CCTA argues  
            that state law requires cable and video companies to provide  
            dedicated channels for PEG programming.  CCTA points out that  
            "while federal law limits the use of the PEG fee to  
            exclusively support the capital costs associated with PEG  
            programming, cable operators also pay local governments an  
            additional 5 percent of their gross revenues as a franchise  
            fee that can be used without restriction to cover general  
            government expenses, including non-capital costs of PEG."  

            Further, many local governments have the resources to  
            contribute their share to this partnership if they deem it a  
            valuable public service to their citizens. According to CCTA,  
            "given the funding currently available to local governments  
            that can be used to pay for any costs associated with the  
            provision of PEG, there simply is no basis to assume that  
            local governments cannot now provide full funding support for  
            PEG programming."  

           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    DaVina Flemings / U. & C. / (916)  
          319-2083 


                                                                FN: 0003095











                                                                  AJR 39
                                                                  Page  5