BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



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          ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
          ACR 95 (Gomez)
          As Amended  April 28, 2014
          Majority vote 

           HIGHER EDUCATION    9-3                                         
           
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          |Ayes:|Williams, Bloom, Fong,    |     |                          |
          |     |Fox,                      |     |                          |
          |     |Jones-Sawyer, Levine,     |     |                          |
          |     |Medina, Quirk-Silva,      |     |                          |
          |     |Weber                     |     |                          |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |Nays:|Ch�vez, Olsen, Wilk       |     |                          |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
           SUMMARY  :  States legislative intent that community college  
          districts (CCD) not reduce the hours of part-time faculty or  
          part-time classified employees for the purpose of avoiding  
          implementation of the federal Patient Protection and Affordable  
          Care Act (PPACA).  Specifically,  this resolution  :  

          1)Makes the following declarations and findings:

             a)   The provisions of the PPACA relating to employer shared  
               responsibility require large employers, including  
               California community college districts, to provide minimum  
               essential health care coverage for anyone working an  
               average of at least 30 hours per week; 

             b)   ACR 138 (Nava), Chapter 142, Statutes of 2010, expressed  
               the intent of the Legislature that part-time and temporary  
               faculty receive pay and benefits that are equal to those of  
               specified tenured and tenure-track faculty, to the extent  
               funding is provided;

             c)   The Internal Revenue Service's (IRS) final ruling in the  
               Shared Responsibility for Employers Regarding Health Care  
               Coverage defines service hours to include work paid outside  
               of the classroom, including office hours and preparation,  
               for purposes of calculating full-time employment status;  
               and, 








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             d)   Individual college and university employers across the  
               United States (U.S.) have reduced the hours of part-time  
               faculty and part-time employees specifically to avoid  
               compliance with the provisions of the PPACA relating to  
               employer shared responsibility, the operation of which has  
               been delayed until January 1, 2015.

          2)Resolves that it is the intent of the Legislature that CCDs  
            not reduce the hours of part-time faculty or part-time  
            classified employees for the purpose of avoiding  
            implementation of the federal PPACA.

           EXISTING LAW  requires, among many, that businesses with at least  
          50 full-time and/or full-time equivalent employees to provide  
          affordable health care coverage that meets a minimum level of  
          coverage to their employees, or otherwise pay a penalty.   
          Defines full-time employees as an employee who works an average  
          of 30 hours per week (42 United States Code Section 300gg-11).

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  Unknown.  This resolution is keyed non-fiscal by  
          the Legislative Counsel.

           COMMENTS  :   

          Background.  The IRS, in its interpretation of PPACA, as signed  
          into law by President Obama on March 23, 2010, issued final  
          regulations on February 10, 2014, on the Employer Shared  
          Responsibility provisions under the Internal Revenue Code (IRC)  
          Section 4980H. 

          Shared Responsibility for Employers Regarding Health Care  
          Coverage.  Beginning in 2015 and after, employers employing at  
          least a certain number of employees (generally 50 full-time  
          employees or a combination of full-time and part-time employees  
          that is equivalent to 50 full-time employees) will be subject to  
          the Employer Shared Responsibility provisions under  the IRC  
          Section 4980H (added to the Code by the Affordable Care Act).   
          As defined by the statute, a full-time employee is an individual  
          employed on average at least 30 hours of service per week.  An  
          employer that meets the 50 full-time employee threshold is  
          referred to as an applicable large employer. 

          Under the Employer Shared Responsibility provisions, if these  








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          employers do not offer affordable health coverage that provides  
          a minimum level of coverage to their full-time employees (and  
          their dependents), the employer may be subject to an Employer  
          Shared Responsibility payment if at least one of its full-time  
          employees receives a premium tax credit for purchasing  
          individual coverage on one of the new Affordable Insurance  
          Exchanges, also called a Health Insurance Marketplace.

          To note, the IRS regulations define service hours to include  
          work paid outside of the classroom, including office hours and  
          preparation, for purposes of calculating full-time status.

          Purpose of the resolution.  According to the author, in February  
          2014, the U.S. Department of the Treasury issued final  
          regulations and rules regarding the determination of full-time  
          status for the purpose of the employer penalty for failing to  
          provide full-time employees with health coverage.   The author  
          states, "The final regulations mention the situation of adjunct  
          faculty, but do not resolve the question of how their full-time  
          status should be determined.  Until further guidance is issued,  
          by the U.S. Department of Treasury or the IRS, employers are  
          required to use a 'reasonable method' for crediting hours of  
          service for adjuncts."  

          The author contends, "This new ruling has caused some districts  
          to open up the discussion to move employees from employer based  
          health care, or to simply reduce the number of hours faculty and  
          classified employees teach in order to avoid having to provide  
          them with health care."  The author argues, "Part-time faculty  
          and classified employees who are represented by a union have  
          significantly more protection through local collective  
          bargaining agreements, but districts may still avoid providing  
          benefits through the hiring of additional part-time faculty and  
          instructional aids as new courses become available, rather than  
          offering them to current employees so they can be eligible for  
          the maximum amount of benefits and any coverage that would  
          include them in PPACA requirements."

          This resolution expresses that the Legislature does not support  
          any practice by a CCD that would reduce the employment and  
          benefits of part-time faculty and classified employees in an  
          attempt to avoid compliance with PPACA.

          Composition of community college faculty.  According to the  








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          Faculty Association of California Community Colleges Education  
          Institute's "Faculty Profiles 2012 Community Colleges," as of  
          fall 2012, the California Community Colleges had a faculty  
          headcount of 55,383.  To note, 38,135 were part-time faculty.

          Arguments in support.  The California Labor Federation argues  
          that, "The PPACA penalty does not apply to part-timers who work  
          less than an average of 30 hours per week.  This loophole in the  
          PPACA creates a perverse incentive for employers to reduce  
          workers' hours below 30 per week and eliminate benefits, thus  
          not paying for health care and shifting the cost onto taxpayers?  
          Faculty, whether part-time or not, teach the state's future  
          leaders and workforce; they deserve the dignity of sufficient  
          hours and employer-sponsored coverage."

          Arguments in opposition.  None on file.

          Related legislation.  ACR 138 (Nava), Resolution Chapter 142,  
          Statutes of 2010, which expressed the intent of the Legislature  
          that part-time and temporary faculty receive pay and benefits  
          that are equal to those of specified tenured and tenure-track  
          faculty, to the extent funding is provided.

           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Jeanice Warden / HIGHER ED. / (916)  
          319-3960 


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