BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 135
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          Date of Hearing:   January 15, 2014

                           ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                                Joan Buchanan, Chair
                   AB 135 (Buchanan) - As Amended:  January 6, 2014
           
          SUBJECT  :   School employees: child abuse: reporting. 

           SUMMARY  :  Requires the governing board of each school district  
          and county office of education (COE) and the governing body of  
          each charter school to adopt a policy on the reporting of child  
          abuse and the responsibilities of mandated reporters in  
          accordance with the requirements of the Child Abuse and Neglect  
          Reporting Act (CANRA); and, requires each school district,  
          charter school, and county office of education, at a minimum, to  
          review the mandated reporting requirements of school employees,  
          pursuant to CANRA, with all school personnel within in the first  
          six weeks of each school year, as part of a regularly scheduled  
          staff meeting.

           EXISTING LAW  : 

          1)Establishes CANRA which specifies the following types of  
            people are mandated reporters, among others:

             a)   A teacher.

             b)   An instructional aide.

             c)   A teacher's aide or teacher's assistant employed by a  
               public or private school.

             d)   A classified employee of a public school.

             e)   An administrative officer or supervisor of child welfare  
               and attendance, or a certificated pupil personnel employee  
               of a public or private school.

             f)   An employee of a county office of education or the  
               California Department of Education (CDE) whose duties bring  
               the employee into contact with children on a regular basis.

             g)   An employee of a school district police or security  
               department.









                                                                 AB 135
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             h)   A person who is an administrator or presenter of, or a  
               counselor in, a child abuse prevention program in a public  
               or private school. (Penal Code 11164, et seq.)

          2)Requires the State Office of Child Abuse Prevention to develop  
            and disseminate information to all school districts and  
            district school personnel in California regarding the  
            detection of child abuse.  The information may be disseminated  
            by the use of literature, as deemed suitable by the CDE. Staff  
            development seminars and any other appropriate means of  
            instructing school personnel in the detection of child abuse  
            and neglect and the proper action that school personnel should  
            take in suspected cases of child abuse and neglect, shall be  
            developed by the CDE. (Education Code 44691)  

          3)Requires school districts and COEs to create comprehensive  
            school safety plans for their schools; and, requires the  
            school safety plan to include child abuse reporting procedures  
            consistent with Article 2.5 of Chapter 2 of Title 1 of Part 4  
            of the Penal Code. (Education Code 32282)

          4)Requires an employer having 50 or more employees to provide at  
            least two hours of classroom or other effective interactive  
            training regarding sexual harassment to all supervisory  
            employees in California, and to all new supervisory employees  
            within six months of their assumption of a supervisory  
            position; and, specifies each employer shall provide sexual  
            harassment training and education to each supervisory employee  
            in California once every two years.  (Government Code 12950.1)

          5)Specifies that employers are strongly encouraged to provide  
            their employees who are mandated reporters with training in  
            the duties imposed. This training shall include training in  
            child abuse and neglect identification and training in child  
            abuse and neglect reporting; and, specifies that school  
            districts that do not train their employees in the duties of  
            mandated reporters under the child abuse reporting laws shall  
            report to the CDE the reasons why this training is not  
            provided. (Penal Code 11165.7)

          6)Requires any mandated reporter, with the exception of child  
            visitation monitors, prior to commencing his or her  
            employment, and as a prerequisite to that employment, shall  
            sign a statement on a form provided to him or her by his or  
            her employer to the effect that he or she has knowledge of the  








                                                                  AB 135
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            mandated reporting procedures and will comply with those  
            provisions; and, specifies the statement shall inform the  
            employee that he or she is a mandated reporter and inform the  
            employee of his or her reporting obligations and of his or her  
            confidentiality rights.  The employer shall provide a copy of  
            Sections 11165.7, 11166, and 11167 to the employee. (Penal  
            Code 11166.5)

          7)Requires that when a person is issued a state license or  
            certificate to engage in a profession or occupation that is a  
            mandated reporter, the state agency issuing the license or  
            certificate shall send a statement substantially similar to  
            the one contained in #6 above to the person at the same time  
            as it transmits the document indicating licensure or  
            certification to the person; specifies the statement also  
            shall indicate that failure to comply with the requirements of  
            Section 11166 is a misdemeanor, punishable by up to six months  
            in a county jail, by a fine of one thousand dollars ($1,000),  
            or by both that imprisonment and fine; and, specifies as an  
            alternative, a state agency may cause the required statement  
            to be printed on all application forms for a license or  
            certificate printed on or after January 1, 1986.  (Penal Code  
            11166.5)

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   According to the Assembly Appropriations  
          Committee for a similar bill, one-time General Fund/Proposition  
          98 (GF/98) state reimbursable mandated costs, of at least  
          $500,000, to school districts, COEs, and governing bodies of  
          charter schools to adopt a policy on the reporting of child  
          abuse, as specified.  There were 1,016 districts and COEs in  
          2011-12.  Likewise, there are 1,066 charter schools in the  
          state; it is unknown, however, how many are governed by the same  
          body.  For example, Aspire charter schools in Los Angeles may  
          govern more than one charter school.  

          Annual GF/98 state reimbursable mandated costs, of at least $1.5  
          million, to school districts, COEs and charter schools (charter  
          school costs are not reimbursable) to review the mandated  
          reporting requirements with all school employees, as specified.   
          This assumes a portion of employees attend a half hour meeting  
          informing them of their responsibilities as a mandated reporter.  
           If a district, COE, or charter school decides to meet this  
          requirement in another manner- this cost may increase or  
          decrease depending on the reported costs.    









                                                                 AB 135
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           COMMENTS  :   According to the author, too many incidents across  
          the state have shown us that school personnel are not always  
          aware of their duty to report incidents of child abuse and  
          neglect.  This results in individual criminal and civil  
          liability for the employee, liability for the district, and most  
          importantly, does not protect children.  Currently, all  
          teachers, aides, classified and administrative employees have a  
          duty to report under CANRA. Failure to make a report can result  
          in jail time and/or a $1,000 fine.  The law is clear, but school  
          employees need regular reminders of their responsibilities to  
          maintain a safe school environment for children.  AB 135  
          requires all school districts, COEs and charter schools to have  
          a policy on mandated reporting and to review that policy with  
           all  employees annually.

          The Bay Area News Group conducted a survey of school districts  
          regarding their mandated reporter training policies and  
          practices. According to the Contra Costa Times, "Fewer than half  
          the districts in Alameda, Contra Costa, San Mateo and Santa  
          Clara counties that responded to the survey said they offer  
          their employees the sort of training that experts encourage and  
          the law suggests: annual instruction in how to recognize signs  
          of sexual or other physical abuse, and clear reminders of the  
          legal requirement to report to authorities even the suspicion of  
          mistreatment." The survey results also underscore that vagueness  
          in the law has exacerbated the districts' failings.  All told,  
          only 29 districts said they have provided annual training about  
          abuse and the law to all employees. The law strongly encourages  
          training without saying how often it should be provided, but  
          experts agree it should be frequent. 
           
           According to Child Abuse Mandated Reporter Training Project  
          (CAMRTP) in California, it is estimated that four children die  
          each day in this country as a result of child abuse and neglect.  
          The Federal Child abuse Reporting act was passed in 1974 to  
          address this issue. Over the years, numerous amendments have  
          expanded the definition of child abuse and the list of persons  
          who are required to report suspected child abuse. The Child  
          Abuse Mandated Reporter Training Project is funded by the  
          California Department of Social Services (CDSS), Office of Child  
          abuse Prevention (OCAP) and the goal of this project is to have  
          free training available for mandated child abuse reporters so  
          they may carry out their responsibilities properly.  Currently  
          the CAMRTP provides free online training modules that are  
          specifically tailored for educators.








                                                                  AB 135
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          Reports to CDE  : While districts are required to report to CDE if  
          they are not providing training to employees regarding their  
          duties as mandated reporters, CDE has never to date received a  
          report from a school district regarding why they do not provide  
          training for mandated reporters.
           
           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   
           
          Support

           American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees
          Association of California School Administrators
          California Federation of Teachers
          California Teachers Association
          East Bay Development Disabilities Legislative Coalition
          EdVoice
          Los Angeles Unified School District
          State Superintendent of Public Instruction, Tom Torlakson

           Opposition 

           None on file

           Analysis Prepared by  :    Chelsea Kelley / ED. / (916) 319-2087