BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 342
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:   May 1, 2013

                           ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                                Joan Buchanan, Chair
                  AB 342 (Blumenfield) - As Amended:  April 29, 2013

           SUMMARY  :   Allows school districts and county offices of  
          education (COEs) to claim pupil attendance for funding purposes  
          for pupils receiving technology-based, asynchronous instruction  
          and makes changes to statutory requirements governing  
          independent study.  Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Changes Education Code terminology from "synchronous, online  
            instruction" to "technology-based synchronous instruction."

          2)Authorizes the disaggregation of pupil test results to allow  
            the comparison of the results of online instruction vs.  
            regular classroom instruction.

          3)Requires technology-based, synchronous instruction to:

             a)   Be approved by the governing board of the local  
               education agency (LEA-school districts and county offices  
               of education);
             b)   Be as rigorous as a classroom-based course; and
             c)   Meet or exceed all relevant state standards.

          4)Establishes a sunset date of July 1, 2019 for provisions  
            authorizing and governing technology-based synchronous  
            instruction.

          5)Requires an LEA's independent study policy to require periodic  
            contact between the certificated employee providing  
            instruction and the pupil to assess whether satisfactory  
            education progress, as defined, is made; and a notification of  
            the pupil and pupil's parent or guardian if satisfactory  
            progress in not made.

          6)Defines "periodic contact" to mean communication that occurs  
            at least twice per month and consists of either in-person  
            interaction or interaction through electronic means,  
            including, but not necessarily limited to, the use of  
            real-time Internet-based collaborative software that combines  
            audio, video, file sharing, and other forms on interaction.









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          7)Provides that a pupil shall not be allowed to continue in  
            independent study without evidence of satisfactory educational  
            progress unless independent study is determined to be in his  
            or her best interest and requires a pupil's parent or guardian  
            to be notified if satisfactory progress is not made.

          8)Defines "satisfactory educational progress" to include meeting  
            measures such as applicable statewide accountability measures  
            and assessments, the completion of assignments, local or state  
            approved formative assessments, required laboratories or  
            online workgroups, or other indicators that the pupil is  
            working on assignments and learning required concepts.

          9)Provides that independent study agreements may be stored  
            electronically.


           EXISTING LAW  

          1)Defines "synchronous online instruction" as a class or course  
            in which the pupil and the certificated employee who is  
            providing instruction are online at the same time and use  
            real-time, Internet-based collaborative software that combines  
            audio, video, file sharing, and other forms of interaction.

          2)Authorizes, commencing with the 2014-15 fiscal year, a school  
            district or county office of education (COE) to claim  
            attendance for pupils in grades 9 to 12, inclusive, who are  
            engaged in synchronous online instruction toward apportionment  
            ADA, provided all of the following conditions are met:

             a)   The certificated employee providing instruction confirms  
               pupil attendance through visual recognition or periodic  
               voice responses during the class period;

             b)   The class has a regularly scheduled starting and ending  
               time, and the pupil is scheduled to attend the entire class  
               period;

             c)   An individual with exceptional needs, as specified, may  
               participate in synchronous online instruction only if his  
               or her individualized education program, as specified,  
               provides for that participation;

             d)   A school district or COE offering synchronous online  








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               instruction shall not deny enrollment to a pupil based  
               solely on the pupil's lack of access to the computer  
               hardware or software necessary to participate in the  
               course; and if a pupil does not have access to the  
               necessary equipment, the school district or COE shall  
               provide such access; and

             e)   The ratio of teachers to pupils shall not exceed the  
               equivalent ratio for all other educational programs by the  
               school district or COE, as specified, unless a higher or  
               lower ratio is negotiated in a collective bargaining  
               agreement.

          3)Requires the Superintendent of Public Instruction (SPI) to  
            establish rules and regulations that, at a minimum, address  
            all of the following:

             a)   How to include pupil attendance in online courses in the  
               calculation of ADA;

             b)   How to ensure a pupil meets minimum instructional time  
               requirements;

             c)   Require statewide testing results for online pupils to  
               be reported and assigned to the school in which the pupils  
               is enrolled for regular classroom courses and to any school  
               district or COE within which the school's testing results  
               are aggregated; and

             d)   Require online instruction attendance accounting to be  
               subject to annual audits.

          4)Authorizes school districts and COEs to offer independent  
            study and to generate apportionment ADA for pupils engaged in  
            independent study, subject to the following:

             a)   Not more than 10 percent of pupils in an opportunity  
               school or program or a continuation high school may be  
               eligible for apportionment credit for independent study;

             b)   Special needs pupils may participate in independent  
               study only if it is specifically provided for in their  
               individualized education plans;

             c)   Instruction provided to a temporarily disabled pupil  








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               shall not be provided through independent study; 

             d)   Courses required for high school graduation shall not be  
               offered exclusively through independent study;

             e)   Pupils enrolled in independent study shall have access  
               to all existing services and resources of the school in  
               which he or she is enrolled and that are available to all  
               other pupils in the school; and

             f)   The governing board of the school district has adopted  
               and implemented written policies, as specified, that govern  
               independent study and the written agreement that is  
               required for each independent study pupil.

          5)Prohibits LEAs from providing independent study pupils with  
            funds or any other thing of value that it does not provide to  
            pupils who attend regular classes.

          6)Provides that school districts and COEs can claim  
            apportionment credit for independent study only to the extent  
            of the time value of pupil work products as personally judged  
            in each instance by a certificated teacher.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   Unknown

           COMMENTS  :    This bill  changes Education Code terminology from  
          "synchronous, online instruction" to "technology-based  
          synchronous instruction."  According to the author, the latter  
          term is broader and allows for technology-based instruction that  
          is not necessarily online.  The bill also makes the following  
          changes to independent study:

          1)Requires periodic contact, as defined, between the  
            certificated employee and the pupil to monitor progress.

          2)Requires a pupil to make satisfactory progress, as defined, in  
            order to remain in independent study.

          3)Allows independent study agreements and other required  
            documents to be maintained electronically.

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 








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          San Diego County Office of Education
          Small School Districts' Association

           Opposition 
           
          None received
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Rick Pratt / ED. / (916) 319-2087