BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






                 Senate Committee on Labor and Industrial Relations
                              William W. Monning, Chair

          Date of Hearing: June 26, 2013               2013-2014 Regular  
          Session                              
          Consultant: Gideon L. Baum                   Fiscal:Yes
                                                       Urgency: No
          
                                   Bill No: AB 454
                                  Author: Dickinson
                        As Introduced/Amended: April 2, 2013
          

                                       SUBJECT
          
                  Workers' compensation benefits: prevailing wages.


                                      KEY ISSUE
          
          Should the Legislature permit the Workers' Compensation Appeals  
          Board (WCAB) to make prevailing wage determinations for the  
          purposes of fixing appropriate indemnity benefit payments?

                                      ANALYSIS
          
           Existing law  establishes a workers' compensation system that  
          provides benefits to an employee who suffers from an injury or  
          illness that arises out of and in the course of employment,  
          irrespective of fault.  This system requires all employers to  
          secure payment of benefits by either securing the consent of the  
          Department of Industrial Relations to self-insure or by securing  
          insurance against liability from an insurance company duly  
          authorized by the state.

           Existing law  provides for the payment of indemnity benefits if  
          the occupational injury causes temporary or permanent disability  
          which prevents the worker from returning to his or her job.  In  
          the case of temporary disability payments, the benefit is  
          two-thirds of the weekly loss in wages due to disability for up  
          to 104 weeks. (Labor Code ��4650, 4653, 4654 and 4656)

           Existing law  also requires the minimum and maximum average  
          weekly earnings for temporary disability benefits annually by an  
          amount equal to the percentage increase in the state average  
          weekly wage as compared to the prior year. (Labor Code �4453) 









           
          Existing law  defines "public works" to include, among other  
          jobs, construction, alteration, demolition, installation, or  
          repair work done under contract and paid for in whole or in part  
          out of public funds. (Labor Code �1720)

           Existing law  requires all employees who work on public works  
          projects costing $1,000 or more to be paid the general  
          prevailing rate of per diem wages and the general prevailing  
          rate for holiday and overtime work for the specific location  
          where the public work is to be performed. (Labor Code �1771) 

           Existing law  states that if the Labor Commissioner or his or her  
          designee determines after an investigation that there has been a  
          public works violation, the Labor Commissioner shall with  
          reasonable promptness issue a civil wage and penalty assessment  
          to the contractor or subcontractor or both. The assessment shall  
          be in writing and shall describe the nature of the violation and  
          the amount of wages, penalties, and forfeitures due. (Labor Code  
          �1741) 
           
          This bill  requires that when temporary disability benefits (TD)  
          or permanent disability benefits (PD) are due to an injured  
          worker who earned less than the prevailing wage, but the work  
          performed was under a contract which was subject to a federal,  
          state, city, city and county, or county prevailing wage  
          requirement, the benefits shall be calculated using the  
          applicable prevailing wage, instead of the actual wages paid.


                                      COMMENTS
          
          1.  Need for this bill?

            As noted above, a worker's wages are used to calculate  
            workers' compensation indemnity benefits, such as temporary  
            disability and permanent disability.  When a worker is  
            lawfully paid his or her wages, this is generally a  
            straightforward process.  However, when a worker is unlawfully  
            underpaid, such as with prevailing wages, it creates a  
            situation where the worker and his or her representative is  
            forced to fight for an appropriate benefit before the Workers'  
          Hearing Date:  June 26, 2013                             AB 454  
          Consultant: Gideon L. Baum                               Page 2

          Senate Committee on Labor and Industrial Relations 
          








            Compensation Appeals Board (WCAB), frequently against the  
            employer who underpaid the worker's wages in the first place.

            Under existing law, this claim is pursued through the Labor  
            Commissioner's office.  Once the Labor Commissioner has ruled,  
            this evidence can be presented to the WCAB, and if the worker  
            was inappropriately paid, his or her workers' compensation  
            benefit can be adjusted accordingly.  According to proponents,  
            however, getting a final ruling from the Labor Commissioner's  
            office can take a long time.

            AB 454 would allow the WCAB to make a ruling on a worker's  
            eligibility for prevailing wages, and adjust the worker's  
            indemnity benefits accordingly.

          2. Possible Amendments  :
            
            The responsibility for determining prevailing wage rates and  
            enforcing prevailing wage statutes both rest within the  
            Department of Industrial Relations (DIR).  Since the Workers'  
            Compensation Appeals Board is a separate appellate body, it is  
            unclear if they would have ready access to the expertise found  
            in the Department.  Noting the fine points of trade  
            designations, geographical confines, and what qualifies as a  
            public works project, it may be asking too much of the WCAB  
            for the Board to weigh in on prevailing wage issues.

            Instead, the Committee may wish to create an expedited hearing  
            process for prevailing wage issues before the WCAB in order to  
            ensure the timely transmittal of appropriate workers'  
            compensation benefits to injured workers.  Therefore the  
            Committee may wish to consider the following amendments:

            On page 2, line 11, strike "paid" and insert "paid, upon a  
            final ruling by the Labor Commissioner.  The Labor  
            Commissioner shall give preference to prevailing wage  
            determinations before the appeals board through an expedited  
            hearing process."

          3.  Proponent Arguments  :
            
            According to the California Applicants Attorneys Association  
          Hearing Date:  June 26, 2013                             AB 454  
          Consultant: Gideon L. Baum                               Page 3

          Senate Committee on Labor and Industrial Relations 
          








            (CAAA), workers who are often the most vulnerable - those with  
            poor English language skills particularly - can be taken  
            advantage of by an unscrupulous contractor.  According to  
            CAAA, its members have encountered many cases where injured  
            workers have been paid substantially below the prevailing wage  
            that the law required.  While there is a wage remedy in the  
            Labor Code, CAAA asserts that there is not a comparable remedy  
            in the workers' compensation law that ensures that benefits  
            are paid at the level that the injured worker was entitled to  
            be paid.  This bill is designed to cure this loophole.

          4.  Opponent Arguments  :

            The California Coalition on Workers' Compensation and the  
            California Chamber of Commerce have adopted an 'oppose unless  
            amended' position . Opponents are concerned that AB 454 would  
            require either the claims administrator or the Workers'  
            Compensation Appeals Board (WCAB) to be the arbiter of  
            prevailing wage disputes that impact temporary disability  
            rates.  While opponents absolutely understand the need to  
            ensure that injured workers are paid the correct wages and  
            temporary disability benefits, the opponents have a great deal  
            of concern with any requirement that claims administrators or  
            WCAB judges make determinations about prevailing wage  
            contracts.  Opponents request that AB 454 be amended to  
            clarify that the Labor Commissioner, and not claims  
            administrators or the WCAB, make the determination about the  
            applicability of prevailing wage.

          5.  Current Legislation  :

            SB 377 (Lieu) would, among other things, require the Director  
            of Industrial Relations to issue a determination of whether a  
            project is deemed to be a "public work" within 60 days.  SB  
            377 is set to be heard before the Assembly Committee on Labor  
            and Employment.


                                       SUPPORT
          
          California Applicants' Attorneys Association (Sponsor)
          California Chiropractic Association
          Hearing Date:  June 26, 2013                             AB 454  
          Consultant: Gideon L. Baum                               Page 4

          Senate Committee on Labor and Industrial Relations 
          








          California Professional Firefighters 
          State Building and Construction Trades Council of California,  
          AFL-CIO
          


                                     OPPOSITION
          
          California Chamber of Commerce
          California Coalition on Workers' Compensation
          California Department of Finance






























          Hearing Date:  June 26, 2013                             AB 454  
          Consultant: Gideon L. Baum                               Page 5

          Senate Committee on Labor and Industrial Relations