BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






           SENATE TRANSPORTATION & HOUSING COMMITTEE       BILL NO: ab 569
          SENATOR MARK DESAULNIER, CHAIRMAN              AUTHOR:  chau
                                                         VERSION: 9/12/13
          Analysis by:  Mark Stivers                     FISCAL:  yes
          Hearing date:  May 6, 2014



          SUBJECT:

          Cooperative housing

          DESCRIPTION:

          This bill allows a stock cooperative or limited-equity housing  
          cooperative to be sold or leased subject to a blanket  
          encumbrance under specified conditions.

          ANALYSIS:

          Cooperative housing members own a share in a corporation that  
          owns or controls the building(s) and/or property in which they  
          live.  Each shareholder is entitled to occupy a specific unit  
          and has a vote in the corporation.  Every month, shareholders  
          pay an amount that covers their proportionate share of the  
          expense of operating the entire cooperative, which typically  
          includes underlying mortgage payments, property taxes,  
          management, maintenance, insurance, utilities, and contributions  
          to reserve funds.  

          Limited-equity cooperatives limit the resale value of shares.   
          Generally targeted at low- and moderate-income people (in the  
          80-120% of median-income range), the purpose of limited-equity  
          cooperatives is to prevent speculation, encourage long-term  
          residency, and preserve the affordable character of the  
          cooperative for a wide variety of future residents.

          The Subdivided Lands Law generally requires a person who  
          proposes to subdivide a property into five or more parcels for  
          purpose of sale or lease to obtain a public report from the  
          Bureau of Real Estate (BRE) before the subdivider may market the  
          lots or units.  This law is intended to ensure that prospective  
          buyers receive disclosure of pertinent information about the  
          subdivision and that developers complete improvements or arrange  
          for their completion.  The law contains a number of exemptions,  
          including one for a limited-equity housing cooperative that  




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          meets both of the following conditions: 

           A public agency has provided the land or financed at least 50  
            percent of the total development cost or $100,000, whichever  
            is less.
           A regulatory agreement provides assurances for completion of  
            the common areas and facilities and ensures that every  
            prospective purchaser receives, prior to sale, a membership  
            information report that contains full disclosure of the  
            financial obligations and responsibilities of cooperative  
            membership, rules regarding the resale of shares, the  
            financing of the cooperative, occupancy restrictions,  
            management arrangements, and any other information pertinent  
            to the benefits, risks, and obligations of cooperative  
            ownership.

          The Subdivided Lands Law also generally prohibits the sale or  
          lease of lots or parcels within a subdivision if the lots or  
          parcels are subject to a "blanket encumbrance," which is a  
          mortgage secured by the entire property or more than one lot or  
          parcel.  This prohibition does not apply if the encumbrance  
          contains a release clause that unconditionally allows a  
          purchaser to obtain legal title free and clear of the blanket  
          encumbrance upon compliance with the terms and conditions of the  
          purchase or lease.  

          Cooperative housing developments also fall under the  
          Davis-Stirling Act, which governs all common interest  
          developments (CIDs).  The act requires that a board of directors  
          govern a CID and, when elections are held for the board of  
          directors, specifies various election procedures, including use  
          of secret ballots and the appointment of an inspector of  
          elections.  
           
          This bill  :  

           Allows non-public institutions, specifically state or  
            federally chartered credit unions or certified community  
            development financial institutions, to provide financing to a  
            limited-equity housing cooperative for purposes of qualifying  
            for the exemption from the Subdivided Lands Law.

           Allows a stock cooperative or limited-equity housing  
            cooperative to sell shares or enter into leases subject to a  
            blanket encumbrance if all of the following conditions are  
            met:




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                 The seller or lessor provides prospective purchasers and  
               lessees notice that the property is subject to a blanket  
               encumbrance and notice is included in every purchase and  
               lease contract.
                 The property has obtained a public report from the BRE  
               that accounts for the blanket encumbrance. 
                 The governing documents for the association require the  
               association to create within one year of the sale of at  
               least 50 percent of the individual interests and maintain  
               during the term of the blanket encumbrance a financing  
               reserve amount equal to at least three months of the amount  
               of the debt service payments due on the blanket encumbrance  
               or a lesser amount acceptable to the BRE commissioner.

           Exempts CIDs in which all members or shareholders  
            automatically become members of the board of directors from  
            the provisions of the Davis-Stirling Act that are applicable  
            to the election of directors. 
          
          COMMENTS:

           1.Purpose of the bill  .  According to the author and sponsors,  
            housing cooperatives lower the barrier to property ownership  
            and therefore create an important vehicle for the creation and  
            preservation of affordable housing.  This bill will remove  
            some of the more significant barriers to developing  
            cooperative housing.  

           2.Blanket encumbrances  .  Currently, developers or residents  
            cannot build or convert a cooperative without a mortgage, but  
            with a mortgage they cannot sell shares.  This prohibition on  
            blanket encumbrances has the effect of banning housing  
            cooperatives in California.  The bill solves this classic  
            dilemma by allowing cooperatives to sell shares in a  
            development subject to a blanket encumbrance if they provide  
            specified safeguards to protect members of cooperatives.

           3.Previous legislation  .  This bill is substantively identical to  
            AB 1024 (Torres) as this committee approved it last year on a  
            10-0 vote.  Senator Torres subsequently amended       AB 1024  
            to deal with a different subject matter.  This bill brings the  
            original AB 1024 back to life.
                
            4.Double-referral  .  The Senate Rules Committee has referred this  
            bill to both this committee and the Judiciary Committee.




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          Assembly Votes:
               Floor:    78-0
               Appr: 16-0
               H&CD:        7-0

          POSITIONS:  (Communicated to the committee before noon on  
          Wednesday,                                             April 30,  
          2014.)

               SUPPORT:  Bay Area Community Land Trust
                         California Center for Cooperative Development
                         East Bay Cooperative Housing Coalition
                         San Francisco Community Land Trust
                         Sustainable Economies Law Center
                         Walnut House
                         8 individuals

               OPPOSED:  None received.