BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó






                        SENATE COMMITTEE ON VETERANS AFFAIRS
                              Senator Ben Hueso, Chair
                                               


          BILL NO:  AB 614                   HEARING DATE: 6/24/14
          AUTHOR:   Chávez
          VERSION:  6/17/14
          FISCAL:   Yes
          VOTE:     Majority 




                                        SUBJECT  
          
          Veterans Homes: members with VA ratings of 70 percent or higher  
          for service-connected conditions.  
           
                                      DESCRIPTION  
           
          Existing law (state and federal):

           1.Provides for the establishment and operation of the Veterans  
            Home of California, within the California Department of  
            Veterans Affairs (CalVet), at various sites for aged and  
            disabled veterans and their nonveteran spouses, who meet  
            certain eligibility requirements.

          2.Requires members (residents) of the homes to pay fees and  
            charges, as determined by CalVet.

          3.Provides for the homes to receive federal per diem payments  
            from the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), which help  
            compensate the state veterans homes for the costs of care.

          4.Provides for the homes to receive federal "aid and attendance"  
            payments from the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) on  
            behalf of eligible veterans, who need levels of care exceeding  
            provision of basic domiciliary services.

           
          This bill:

          Conforms state law to federal regulations which:










          1.Eliminate VA aid and attendance payments for veterans, who are  
            VA-rated at 70 percent or higher disabled due to a  
            service-connected condition, because the VA pays a much higher  
            super per diem rate that is four to five times more than the  
            regular per diem rate; and

          2.Require a state home, when receiving the super per diem rate  
            for veteran VA-rated as 70 percent or higher  
            service-connected, not to charge a member fee to that veteran,  
            because the super per diem rate is deemed to cover all costs  
            of state care to that veteran.

           
                                     BACKGROUND  
          
           California state veterans homes

           CalVet's Veterans Homes Division provides rehabilitative,  
          residential medical care and services in a homelike environment  
          for all veterans (and eligible veteran spouses) residing in the  
          State's eight veterans homes, which are located in Barstow,  
          Chula Vista, Fresno, Lancaster. Redding, Ventura, West Los  
          Angeles, and Yountville. As of early 2013, more than 1,700  
          members resided in these veterans homes.

           Levels of Care

           The eight campuses offer different combinations of the following  
          levels of care that generate increasing levels of cost:

                 Independent living/domiciliary care (Barstow, Chula  
               Vista, Yountville):

                 This level of care is for residents able to perform  
                 activities of daily living with, at most, minimal  
                 assistance. Non-nursing employees provide limited  
                 supervision. Residents have access to all of the Home's  
                 services, activities, and medical care.  Individuals can  
                 transfer to higher levels of care as needed.  Independent  
                 living is also referred to as Domiciliary by CalVet and  
                 the USDVA.

          
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                 Residential care/assisted living (All homes  except   
               Barstow):

                 Residential Care Facilities for the Elderly (RCFE) are  
                 available for residents who require minimal assistance  
                 and supervision with some activities of daily living.  
                 RCFE services may include care by licensed nurses. In the  
                 future, memory care programs may be established within  
                 the RCFEs.

                 Intermediate care (Barstow, Yountville):

                 This level is for residents who often require licensed  
                 nursing assistance with medications and treatments, and  
                 generally require unlicensed nursing assistance with  
                 several daily living activities.

                 Skilled nursing care (Barstow, Chula Vista, Fresno,  
               Redding, West LA, Yountville):

                 This level provides 24-hour services of licensed nurses  
                 and certified nursing assistants, and is more  
                 comprehensive than intermediate care. Skilled nursing  
                 residents have greater access to rehabilitation  
                 therapies, nursing care, pharmacy management, structured  
                 activities and clinical dietary services. May provide a  
                 memory care program.

           Home funding and member fees

           Funding for the annual operating expenses of the veterans homes  
          comes from the State's General Fund, and any additional revenues  
          that the Veterans Homes Division receives are subsequently  
          remitted to the General Fund. These additional sources of  
          revenue primarily consist of reimbursements from five sources:

             1.   Medicare, a federally funded program which pays hospital  
               inpatient and outpatient care, and some skilled nursing  
               care;

             2.   Medi-Cal, funded by the federal and state governments,  
               which pays skilled nursing facility daily rates and various  
          
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               healthcare costs;

             3.   Member fees, which veterans' home residents pay in  
               accordance with their income and level of care;

             4.   So-called "aid and attendance," which are federal  
               payments for veterans who need personal care assistance;  
               and 

             5.   The U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), which pays  
               a per diem rate for each veteran in the homes.

          Member fee amounts are determined by CalVet, and that  
          determination takes into account those times when the costs of a  
          resident's care (e.g. dental care, acute medical care, etc.)  
          exceed the basic fee.

          Under existing law, the total of the individual member's fees  
          and charges for any fiscal year shall not be greater than:

                 Forty-seven and one-half percent of the member's annual  
               income for domiciliary care.
                 Fifty-five percent of the member's annual income for  
               residential care for the elderly or assisted living.
                 Sixty-five percent of the member's annual income for  
               intermediate care.
                 Seventy percent of the member's annual income for  
               skilled nursing care.

          Most veteran members are eligible to have the federal VA make  
          per diem payments to the state that help reduce costs to state  
          taxpayers. The federal VA manages the "State Veterans Home  
          Program," a grant program that provides federal assistance to  
          states by (a) participating in a percentage of the cost of  
          construction of state veterans homes and (b) paying per diem for  
          ongoing provision of care to eligible veterans residing in  
          federally recognized state veterans homes. The per diem is the  
          approved daily rate established by the VA to reimburse state  
          homes for providing specified levels of care to eligible  
          veterans.

          The federal "Basic State Home Per Diem Rates" for Fiscal Year  
          
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          2014 are as follow:

                 Adult Day Health Care: $79.96 per day

                 Domiciliary: $43.32 per day

                 Nursing Homes: $100.37 per resident per day

          Veterans who are VA-rated as 70 percent or more disabled are  
          eligible for enhanced per diem rates, based upon the location of  
          their state veterans home. For example, Yountville receives a  
          $536.58 enhanced per diem and Barstow receives a $431.24  
          enhanced per diem.

          Aid and attendance payments are additional monetary allowances  
          paid by the VA to veterans, who require the aid and attendance  
          of another person. The intent is to assist a veteran, who has a  
          physical or mental impairment, loss of coordination, or  
          conditions affecting the ability to dress and undress, to feed  
          oneself, to attend to sanitary needs, and to keep oneself  
          ordinarily clean and presentable. The payments are in addition  
          to any other veterans pension the individual may have earned.

          Under federal regulations, if a 70 percent plus veteran is  
          eligible for the super per diem, the VA will pay either aid and  
          attendance or the enhanced per diem, whichever is higher. Right  
          now the super per diem for Yountville is $540.62 a day  
          ($16,218.60 a month). The VA aid and attendance is $704 a month.  
          Therefore, the VA would pay only the per diem and not pay the  
          aid and attendance at all.

          In the 2009-10 Budget Act, the Legislature instituted a major  
          General Fund policy adjustment that affected home resident fees.  
          Specifically, it increased the amount of fees collected from  
          home residents from $17.2 million to $20 million - an increase  
          of $2.8 million.

          Previously, residents paid fees based on a percentage of their  
          income, up to a dollar cap, with the percentage and cap  
          increasing as the level of care increases. The 2009 budget  
          proposal increased resident fees by:

          
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                 Removing the dollar caps;

                 Increasing the percentage for the Residential Care for  
               the Elderly (RCFE); and

                 Revising the fee structure for nonveteran spouses to  
               more accurately reflect their share of costs because they  
               are ineligible for the federal per diem payments. 
                                           
          VA Disability Ratings

           The federal VA administers claims and provides compensation for  
          injuries or diseases that happened while on active duty, or were  
          made worse by active military service. The amount of basic  
          benefit paid varies depending on the severity of the condition.  
          Additional amounts may be paid if the veteran has: very severe  
          disabilities or loss of limb(s); a spouse, children, or  
          dependent parents; or seriously disabled spouse. The VA makes a  
          determination about the severity of a disability based on the  
          evidence the veteran submits as part of a claim, or that VA  
          obtains from the veteran's official military records.

          The VA rates disability from 0 percent to 100 percent in  
          10-percent increments. The 10-percent rating is the lowest  
          rating for which compensable income is awarded. A veteran with a  
          100-percent rating will have one or more disabilities that  
          significantly interfere with normal life functions. A veteran  
          with a 0-percent rating may have a service-connected condition,  
          but it doesn't interfere with normal life functions. The  
          majority of disabled veterans rated at 10 percent, 20 percent,  
          or 30 percent. Over many years, a veteran's disability claim may  
          require re-ratings. The re-ratings can be caused by changes in  
          law, advances in medical knowledge, or fluctuations in the  
          veteran's physical or mental condition. An individual's  
          percentage rating may go up or down.
                                           
                                       COMMENT 
          
           Committee staff comments  :

          1.Federal regulations (CFR Title 38, Chapter 1, Part 51 Subpart  
            C, Section 51.41) govern how the VA and a state veterans home  
          
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            enter into a contract or provider agreement through which the  
            VA will make payments, including per diem payments, toward  
            each eligible veteran's care. The regulations state that  
            eligible veterans are those who:

             a.   Are in need of nursing home care for a VA adjudicated  
               service-connected disability, or

             b.   Have a singular or combined rating of 70 percent or more  
               based on one or more service-connected disabilities or a  
               rating of total disability based on individual  
               unemployability and are in need of nursing home care.

            The regulations also provide: "The State home shall not charge  
            any individual, insurer, or entity (other than VA) for the  
            nursing home care paid for by VA under a VA provider  
            agreement."

            CalVet understands this to mean that they may not charge  
            member fees of any resident veteran with a 70 percent or  
            higher VA rating. The justification for the federal exemption  
            rule is that, for those veterans, the federal VA pays the  
            "super per diem" that is 4-5 times greater than the normal per  
            diem, and that should be considered sufficient to pay for a 70  
            percent-plus veteran's full cost of care. They have been  
            administratively complying with this regulation, but believe  
            they need a state statute exempting 70 percent-plus veterans  
            from the statutory requirement to pay member fees. This bill  
            would conform state law with federal regulations by modifying  
            MVC § 1012.3.

          2.This bill also amends MVC § 1012.2, which requires that the  
            federal VA's aid and attendance payments - for a veteran  
            residing in a state veterans home - ends up in the hands of  
            the state home to help ensure that state taxpayers are  
            partially compensated for the cost of care to the veteran  
            resident. Under federal regulations, when a 70 percent-plus  
            veteran receives the super per diem payments, the aid and  
            attendance payments are stopped. AB 614 modifies § 1012.2 to  
            reflect the impact of the federal policy.

          Related Legislation  
          
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             SB 1440 (Wolk, pending, 2014)  alters the fee structure for  
            nonveteran spouses residing in state veterans homes. Requires  
            nonveteran spouses to pay the same fees and charges as paid by  
            the veteran members of the home and subject to the same  
            prohibitions.

             AB 488 (Cook, held Assembly Approps, 2011)  : Identical to SB  
            1440 (Wolk, 2014).


                                       POSITIONS  
          
          Sponsor:  Author.

          Support:  None on file.

          Oppose:   None on file.
          
          Analysis by: Wade Cooper Teasdale






















          
          AB 614 (Chávez)                                             8