BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






                          SENATE COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                                 Carol Liu, Chair
                             2013-14 Regular Session
                                         

          BILL NO:       AB 917
          AUTHOR:        Bradford
          INTRODUCED:    February 22, 2013
          FISCAL COMM:   Yes            HEARING DATE:  June 5, 2013
          URGENCY:       No             CONSULTANT:Lenin Del Castillo

           SUBJECT  :  Charter Schools:  Petitions.
          
           SUMMARY  

          This bill expands existing signature requirements for charter  
          school petitions to include classified employees and requires  
          the signature petitions to prominently display a statement  
          that classified employees signing the petition have a  
          meaningful interest in working at the charter school.  

           BACKGROUND  

          Existing law authorizes anyone to develop, circulate, and  
          submit a petition to establish a charter school.  Current law  
          requires charter developers to collect certain signatures in  
          support of the petition and requires petitions to include a  
          prominent statement that a signature means that the person  
          signing has a meaningful interest in teaching in or having  
          his or her children attend the school.  (Education Code �  
          47605)  

              For petitions that propose to establish a  new  charter  
               school, the charter developers must obtain the  
               signatures of either the parents of at least half of the  
               pupils expected to enroll at the school or half of the  
               teachers expected to be employed at the school during  
               its first year of operation.  

              For petitions that propose to convert an  existing  public  
               school to a charter school, the charter developer must  
               collect the signatures of not less than 50 percent of  
               the permanent status teachers at the school to be  
               converted.  

           ANALYSIS  




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           This bill  :  

          1)   Adds the following condition that a petition proposing  
               to establish a  new  charter school can meet:  the  
               petition is signed by a number of nonsupervisorial  
               certificated staff and classified employees that  
               combined is equivalent to at least one-half of the total  
               number of nonsupervisorial certificated staff and  
               classified employees that the charter school estimates  
               will be employed at the school during its first year of  
               operation.  

          2)   Requires a petition to convert an existing public school  
               to a charter school be signed by a number of permanent  
               status nonsupervisorial certificated staff and permanent  
               classified employees that combined is equivalent to at  
               least one-half of the total number of permanent status  
               nonsupervisorial certificated staff and permanent  
               classified employees currently employed at the public  
               school to be converted to a charter school.  

          3)   Requires a petition to include a prominent statement  
               that the signatures on the petition has one of the  
               following meanings:

               a)        In the case of a parent's or legal guardian's  
                    signature, that the parent or legal guardian is  
                    meaningfully interested in having his or her child  
                    or ward attend the charter school.

               b)        In the case of a teacher's signature, that the  
                    teacher is meaningfully interested in teaching at  
                    the charter school. 

               c)        In the case of a classified employee's  
                    signature, that the classified employee is  
                    meaningfully interested in working at the charter  
                    school.  

          4)   Requires the proposed charter to be attached to the  
               petition.

           STAFF COMMENTS  

           1)   Need for the bill  :  The sponsor of this measure, Service  




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               Employees International Union (SEIU), maintains that  
               although classified employees play an important role in  
               the operation of a school, they are generally not  
               represented in the petition process and do not have a  
               formal voice in decisions that may impact their  
               employment.  Proponents maintain that while current law  
               provides classified employees certain rights to be  
               reassigned to other positions in the district; they are  
               often at risk of losing their jobs during a charter  
               school conversion, a risk that has increased in recent  
               years due to the fiscal constraints and layoffs many  
               districts have experienced.  The stated intent of this  
               bill is to provide parity for classified employees by  
               entitling them to participate in a charter school  
               petition process in the same manner as permanent status  
               teachers.  

           2)   Classified employees  .  Employees in positions that do  
               not require certification are considered "classified"  
               staff, which may include paraprofessionals (teaching  
               assistants, teacher aids, pupil services aides, and  
               library aides), clerical staff and those that have  
               administrative support duties, bus drivers, custodians,  
               and cafeteria workers.  The number of permanent  
               classified staff at any individual school varies  
               depending on the type and size of the school, district  
               resources, and the needs of students.  In many schools,  
               the number of classified staff is about half of the  
               number of teachers, and many classified staff are not  
               full-time.  


           3)   Charter schools  .  Charter schools are public schools  
               that provide instruction in any combination of grades,  
               kindergarten through grade 12.  Except where  
               specifically noted otherwise, California law exempts  
               charter schools from many of the statutes and  
               regulations that apply to schools and school districts.   
               There are over 900 charter schools operating in the  
               state.

          Parents, teachers, or community members may initiate a  
               charter petition, which is typically presented to and  
               approved by a local school district governing board.   
               The law also allows, under certain circumstances, for  
               county boards of education and the State Board of  




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               Education to authorize charter schools.  The specific  
               goals and operating procedures for a charter school are  
               detailed in the agreement (charter) between the  
               authorizing entity and the charter developer.  

           4)   New barriers  ?  In recent years, state and federal  
               policies have supported the expansion of charter  
               schools.  The federal Race to the Top incentive grant  
               program (RTTP), for which California submitted a second  
               application on June 1, 2010, awards points to states  
               that ensure successful conditions for high-performing  
               charter schools, specifically, the extent to which the  
               state's charter school laws do not prohibit or  
               effectively inhibit increasing the number of  
               high-performing charter schools.  By expanding signature  
               requirements for charter school petitions, this bill  
               could potentially inhibit efforts to increase the number  
               of charter schools.    

          Notwithstanding the importance of classified staff to a  
               learning community and the operation of a school site,  
               it could be argued that the required signatures should  
               remain limited to those who have a meaningful interest  
               in the educational outcome of a school, such as parents  
               who want their children to attend the school or the  
               teaching staff who will be responsible for implementing  
               the programmatic reforms and accountable for student  
               success.  Is there any empirical evidence to suggest  
               that requiring petitions to include half of the  
               classified staff at a school will improve charter school  
               quality?  

           5)   Related and prior legislation  .
                 
               AB 86 (Mendoza, 2011), similar to this bill, would have  
               expanded existing signature requirements for charter  
               school petitions to include classified employees and  
               required the signature petitions to prominently display  
               a statement that classified employees signing the  
               petition have a meaningful interest in working at the  
               charter school.  This bill was vetoed by Governor Brown  
               in October 2011, whose veto message read: 

                    Charter schools are a small but important part of  
                    the California public school system. They vary by  
                    size, mission, governing structure and educational  




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                    philosophy. Their purpose is to allow parents,  
                    teachers and other interested citizens to form  
                    public schools outside the more detailed regulatory  
                    framework of the regular school system.
                    
                    They are profoundly difficult to establish and even  
                    more difficult to maintain and grow in excellence.  
                    Having started two myself, I know whereof I speak.

                    Notwithstanding the important contributions  
                    classified staff make to the operation of a school,  
                    this bill would unnecessarily complicate an already  
                    difficult charter school petition process.

                    I believe the existing law is tough enough.
                    
           SUPPORT
           
          California Charter Schools Association Advocates 
          California Federation of Teachers
          California School Employees Association
          Service Employees International Union (sponsor)

           OPPOSITION
           
          Charter Schools Development Center