BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 1104
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:   January 16, 2014

                       ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON NATURAL RESOURCES
                                Wesley Chesbro, Chair
                    AB 1104 (Salas) - As Amended:  January 7, 2014
           
          SUBJECT  :   California Environmental Quality Act: biogas  
          pipelines: exemption

           SUMMARY  :   Expands an existing CEQA exemption applicable to  
          liquid pipelines to include pipelines used to transport dairy  
          biogas in four counties.

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Requires lead agencies with the principal responsibility for  
            carrying out or approving a proposed project to prepare a  
            negative declaration, mitigated negative declaration, or  
            environmental impact report for this action, unless the  
            project is exempt from CEQA (CEQA includes various statutory  
            exemptions, as well as categorical exemptions in the CEQA  
            Guidelines).

          2)Provides that CEQA does not apply to a pipeline project less  
            than  one mile  in length within a public street or highway or  
            any other public right-of-way for the installation of a  new   
            pipeline or the maintenance, repair, restoration,  
            reconditioning, relocation, replacement, removal, or  
            demolition of an  existing  pipeline.

          3)Provides that CEQA does not apply to a pipeline project less  
            than  eight miles  in length consisting of inspection,  
            maintenance, repair, restoration, reconditioning, relocation,  
            replacement, or removal of an  existing  intrastate liquid  
            pipeline subject to the Pipeline Safety Act (e.g. petroleum  
            pipelines), subject to specified conditions, including:

             a)   Construction and excavation activities are not  
               undertaken over more than one half mile at a time.

             b)   The section of pipeline is not less than eight miles  
               from any section that has received an exemption in the past  
               12 months.

             c)   Project activities are undertaken within an existing  








                                                                  AB 1104
                                                                  Page  2

               right-of-way and the right-of-way is restored to its  
               pre-project condition.

             d)   The diameter of the pipeline is not increased.

          4)Requires the CEQA Guidelines to include a list of classes of  
            projects that have been determined by the Secretary of the  
            Natural Resources Agency to not to have a significant effect  
            on the environment and that shall be exempt from CEQA.   
            Included in this list of "categorical exemptions" are:

             a)   Repair and maintenance of existing public or private  
               facilities, involving negligible or no expansion of use,  
               including existing facilities of both investor and publicly  
               owned utilities used to provide electric power, natural  
               gas, sewerage, or other public utility services.   
               (Guidelines Section 15301)

             b)   Replacement or reconstruction of existing facilities on  
               the same site with the same purpose and capacity, including  
               existing utility systems and/or facilities involving  
               negligible or no expansion of capacity.  (Guidelines  
               Section 15302)
           
          THIS BILL  expands the existing eight mile exemption for  
          petroleum pipelines to include a pipeline located in Fresno,  
          Kern, Kings, or Tulare County that is used to transport biogas  
          that is derived from anaerobic digestion of dairy animal waste  
          and meets compressed natural gas specifications adopted by the  
          Air Resources Board (ARB).  The bill reenacts a prior statute,  
          SB 605 (Ashburn), Chapter 599, Statutes of 2009, which was  
          repealed by its own terms on January 1, 2013.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   Unknown

           COMMENTS  :   

           1)Background.   CEQA includes limited exemptions for relatively  
            small-scale pipeline maintenance and installation projects.  A  
            general exemption is available for projects under one mile in  
            length, including new pipelines.  A more specific exemption is  
            available for projects up to eight miles in length involving  
            maintenance and replacement, but not expansion, of existing  
            petroleum pipelines.
           








                                                                 AB 1104
                                                                  Page  3

             Collection of biogas produced at dairy operations is an  
            emerging method that can reduce dairy emissions of methane,  
            one of the leading contributors to greenhouse gas emissions.   
            The biogas can be transported via pipelines to commercial  
            natural gas transmission pipelines.

            The justification for this bill's four-county limit and  
            application based on source and composition of the gas is  
            unclear, however the bill does not represent a significant  
            expansion of the existing exemption for existing petroleum  
            pipelines and is consistent with SB 605, approved by this  
            committee in 2009.

           2)Would this exemption be useful?   The exemption enacted by SB  
            605 was in effect from 2010 through 2012, but the committee  
            has been unable to find any record of it being used.  It may  
            be that the SB 605 exemption, and therefore the exemption  
            proposed by this bill, does not fit the circumstances of the  
            dairy digester projects.  One reason is that the exemption  
            does not apply to construction of new pipelines, which may be  
            necessary to link dairy projects to the natural gas pipeline  
            system.  Another reason is that the gas must meet ARB  
            specifications and at least some of the proposed dairy  
            digester projects contemplate delivering raw biogas in  
            low-pressure pipes to be conditioned prior to injection into  
            the natural gas pipeline system. 

            While an exemption that applied to new pipelines may be more  
            suitable for the dairy digester projects, it is likely to be  
            controversial.  At the very least, it would invite  
            consideration of conditions that should apply to assure  
            eligible projects did not have a significant effect on the  
            environment.  These may include limiting the length of the  
            project, limiting projects to developed rights of way, and  
            assuring construction impacts, such as traffic, are avoided or  
            mitigated.  Likewise, an exemption that applied to  
            transportation of unconditioned gas in privately operated  
            pipes requires consideration of how to assure the integrity of  
            the pipes and their operation to avoid public safety hazards  
            and greenhouse gas emissions associated with leaks.

           3)Sunset.    The author and the committee may wish to consider   
            adding a January 1, 2018 sunset to this bill to allow the  
            Legislature to review the use of the exemption.
           








                                                                 AB 1104
                                                                  Page  4

          REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          Agricultural Energy Consumers Association
          California Bioenergy
          Kern County Board of Supervisors

           Opposition 
           
          None on file
           

          Analysis Prepared by  :    Lawrence Lingbloom / NAT. RES. / (916)  
          319-2092