BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 1162
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:   April 9, 2013

                       ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON HIGHER EDUCATION
                                 Das Williams, Chair
                    AB 1162 (Frazier) - As Amended:  April 1, 2013
           
          SUBJECT  :   Student financial aid: debit cards.

           SUMMARY  :   Requires the Board of Trustees of the California  
          State University (CSU) and the Board of Governors of the  
          California Community Colleges (CCC) and requests the Regents of  
          the University of California (UC)  and the governing bodies of  
          accredited private non-profit postsecondary institutions, to  
          adopt policies for negotiating contracts between their  
          postsecondary educational institutions and banks and other  
          financial institutions to disburse students' financial aid  
          awards and other refunds onto a debit card, prepaid card, or a  
          preloaded card.   Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Requires the Board of Trustees (BOT) of the CSU and the Board  
            of Governors (BOG) of the CCC and requests the Regents of the  
            UC and the governing bodies of accredited private non-profit  
            postsecondary institutions, to adopt policies for negotiating  
            contracts between their postsecondary educational institutions  
            and banks and other financial institutions to disburse  
            students' financial aid awards and other refunds onto a debit  
            card, prepaid card or a preloaded card.

          2)Requires the policies created by CSU BOT and BOG of the CCC  
            and requests the polices created by the Regents of the UC and  
            the governing bodies of accredited private non-profit  
            postsecondary institutions, to best serve the needs of the  
            students; encouraging all four segments to include the  
            following in their policies:

             a)   Provides students clear and unbiased choices as to where  
               to bank by ensuring that students can elect to receive  
               their financial aid award and other refunds through their  
               own existing bank accounts or by way of a paper check;

             b)   Ensures students are not subjected to paperwork that  
               attempts to direct them to banking options favored by the  
               bank or financial institution with which the institution is  
               partnering;









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             c)   Requires at least one fee free automated teller machine  
               (ATM) to be located on a participating campus and satellite  
               campus;

             d)   Requires an additional ATM for every 3,000 students  
               enrolled at which a student may use his/her debit card,  
               prepaid card or preloaded card in order to access his/her  
               financial aid award and other refunds; 

             e)   Prohibits the debit card, prepaid cards or preloaded  
               cards from imposing the following fees on students,  
               including, but not limited to:

               i)     Insufficient fund fees at ATMs or point of sale,

               ii)    Account balance inquiry fees,

               iii)   PIN-based transaction fees,

               iv)    Inactive account fees,

               v)     Replacement card fees,

               vi)    Transfer or wire fees,

               vii)    Dispute fees, and,

                viii)   Account wire fees.

             f)   Requires all debit card, prepaid card or preloaded card  
               fees to be prominently displayed on the partnering or  
               financial institution's Web site and/or have the  
               information mailed to students;

             g)   Prohibits the debit cards, prepaid cards or preloaded  
               cards from including the logo of the postsecondary  
               educational institution;

             h)   Requires the debit cards, prepaid cards or preloaded  
               cards to include the same level of consumer protections  
               that are provided to ATM customers under the federal  
               Electronic Fund Transfer Act, 15 U.S. C. 1601 et seq., as  
               it exists on January 1, 2014; and,

             i)   Prohibits debit card, prepaid card or preloaded card  








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               contracts from including mandatory arbitration clauses.

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Defines the term "debit card" as an accepted card or other  
            means of access to a debit cardholder's account that may be  
            used to initiate electronic funds transfers and may be used  
            without unique identifying information such as a personal  
            identification number to initiate access to the debit  
            cardholder's account (Civil Code [CIV] � 1748.30).

          2)Limits a debit cardholder's liability for unauthorized use of  
            a debit card (CIV � 1748.31).

          3)Provides for a variety of student financial aid programs  
            including the Cal Grant programs and the CCC Board of  
            Governors fee waiver program.  Current law requires that  
            eligibility for a Cal Grant and the determination of financial  
            need be accomplished using the Free Application for Federal  
            Student Aid (FAFSA), and that this application be used for all  
            programs funded by the state or a public institution of  
            post-secondary education as well as all federal programs  
            administered by a postsecondary educational institution.   
            Current law makes an exception to this requirement for the BOG  
            fee waiver program which is authorized to use a simplified  
            application designed for that sole purpose (Education Code �  
            69432.9 and � 69433).

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   Unknown

           COMMENTS  :    Background  .  When students receive financial aid,  
          whether it is in the form of a scholarship, grant, or student  
          loan, schools apply that money to college costs then disburse  
          the rest to the student.   Instead of disbursing aid refunds by  
          check, many campuses are funding financial aid awards through  
          special debit cards that sometimes double as student  
          identification cards. 

           Need for the bill  .  According to the author, colleges and  
          universities are outsourcing their student financial aid  
          distribution to banks and financial firms in order to lower cost  
          and save money. These banks and financial firms then issue debit  
          cards to the students so they can access their financial aid.   
          The federal government requires that schools disburse financial  
          aid refunds to students free of charge; however, these debit  








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          cards come with fees for other services that can take away from  
          students' aid.  As a result students end up bearing some costs  
          directly, including per-swipe fees, inactivity fees, overdraft  
          fees, ATM fees and more.  The author contends that other issues  
          include aggressive marketing strategies by partnering companies  
          on student choice and weaker consumer protections on certain  
          cards that hold student aid funds.  

          According to a recent report by the U.S. Public Interest  
          Research Group (PIRG) Education Fund, debit cards for disbursing  
          funds may be good for colleges, but argue that cash-strapped  
          students absorb the costs.  The PIRG study finds that some debit  
          cards come with fees as high as 50 cents per swipe in  
          transaction fees, $38.00 per overdraft and $10.00 for inactivity  
          after six months without use.  The PIRG study finds that  
          students do not fully realize what they are signing up for when  
          they elect to receive their financial aid award via debit card.

          The author states, "This bill was written based off the recent  
          U.S. PIRG Campus Debit Card Trap and the National Association of  
          College and University Business Officers reports describing best  
          practices for negotiations of the contract between a college or  
          university and a bank or financial firm."  This measure seeks to  
          protect students by ensuring California colleges and  
          universities set fair and appropriate regulations in place for  
          campus debit card programs in order to best serve and protect  
          their students; making sure they are not unfairly targeted or  
          faced with aggressive marketing.


           Unclear policy rationale  .  It is unclear why the bill requires  
          at least one fee-free ATM for every 3,000 students enrolled at  
          participating campuses and satellite campuses.  Staff recommend  
          the following amendment:  Require at least one fee-free  
          regularly replenished automated teller machine to be placed on a  
          participating campus or satellite campus, and additional  
           fee-free regularly replenished automated teller machines placed  
          on campuses in high enough concentration in order to avoid  
          students having to go to multiple automated teller machines  ,  
          with which they may use their debit cards, prepaid cards, or  
          preloaded cards to access their financial aid award and other  
          refunds.


           Arguments in support  .  The Center for Responsible Lending argues  








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          that students who opt to receive their financial aid on a debit  
          card should be entitled to fair limits on the fees they incur to  
          access and utilize their own money. 

           Arguments in opposition  .  The California Bankers Association  
          argues that this measure is an infringement on a bank's freedom  
          to price for services rendered. 

           Previous legislation  .  AB 262 (Coto), Chapter 679, Statutes of  
          2007, required the BOT of the CSU and the BOG of the CCC and  
          urged the Regents of the UC and to (1) annually direct each of  
          their campuses to disclose specified information regarding  
          on-campus credit card marketing activities, and (2) prohibit  
          banks and other commercial entities from offering gifts to  
          students in exchange for completing credit card applications.  

          REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          California Public Interest Research Group
          California State Student Association
          Center for Responsible Lending
          Consumer Action
          Consumers Union
          Institute for College Access & Success
          Student Senate for California Community Colleges

           Opposition 
           
          California Bankers Association
           

          Analysis Prepared by  :    Jeanice Warden / HIGHER ED. / (916)  
          319-3960