BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 1164
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:   January 23, 2014

                        ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS
                                  Mike Gatto, Chair

                   AB 1164 (Lowenthal) - As Amended:  May 6, 2013 

          Policy Committee:                              JudiciaryVote:6-3
                        Labor                                 4-2

          Urgency:     No                   State Mandated Local Program:  
          Yes    Reimbursable:              No

           SUMMARY  

          This bill authorizes an employee to record a wage lien on an  
          employer's property, subject to specified conditions and  
          procedures. Specifically, this bill:

          1)Entitles an employee to file a lien for the full amount of any  
            wages, other compensation, and related penalties and damages  
            owed to the employee on the following property:

             a)   All property of the employer.  However, a lien shall not  
               apply to the employer's personal residence, except as  
               specified.

             b)   The property upon which the employee worked for the  
               benefit of the property owner and with the owner's consent  
               or knowledge that such labor was being provided. The lien  
               would not apply to property bought or services furnished  
               primarily for personal, family, or household purposes,  
               including any real property that is the owner's principal  
               residence.

          2)Stipulates that such a lien shall be permanently extinguished  
            unless a notice of lien is recorded and served within one year  
            of the date that the employee ceased working for the employer,  
            and requires the employee to commence action to enforce the  
            lien within 180 days of filing or recording notice of the lien

          3)Requires, with regard to a lien on real property, the employee  
            to record notice of the lien with the county recorder, and  
            further requires the lien to be executed under penalty of  
            perjury and to include specified information.








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          4)Requires, with regard to a lien on personal property, the  
            employee to file a notice of the lien with the Secretary of  
            State (SOS), and further requires the notice to be executed  
            under penalty of perjury and to include specified information.

          5)Specifies that, in order to enforce a lien authorized by this  
            bill, the employee shall demonstrate in a civil action or in  
            an administrative proceeding before the Labor Commissioner,  
            that he or she is owed wages, compensation, or penalties and  
            damages.

          6)Stipulates that in a proceeding file with the Labor  
            Commissioner, the commissioner may establish the amount of the  
            lien, and if no lien has been yet been recorded, may record  
            the lien on behalf of the employee.

          7)Provides that the employee is entitled to court costs and  
            reasonable attorneys' fees for filing a successful action to  
            enforce a lien.

           FISCAL EFFECT  

          1)The Department of Industrial Relations' Division of Labor  
            Standards Enforcement (DSLE) has processed more than 33,000  
            wage claims annually in recent years. The number of such cases  
            that will involve wage liens is unknown.  The department  
            estimates ongoing special fund costs (Labor Enforcement and  
            Compliance Fund) of about $1.6 million for 16 additional  
            positions related to increased workload involving:

             a)   Determining whether specific property on which an  
               employee bestowed labor implicates rights of property  
               owners, other than employers, who would have to be an  
               additional party in an administrative proceeding involving  
               the Labor Commissioner. 

             b)   Additional prehearing investigation of wage claims to  
               confirm the appropriateness of a lien's contents, including  
               whether an employee claimant is likely not eligible to  
               obtain a lien for being exempt from the protections of  
               Industrial Welfare Commission wage orders, and performing  
               actions necessary to record the lien with either the  
               recorder's office or the Secretary of State.









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             c)   Performing additional administrative functions,  
               including preparing the lien form, providing notices to  
               parties, and service of documents.

            DIR also may incur one-time costs should rulemaking or  
            regulations be required to implement the bill's provisions.

          2)The Secretary of State estimates special fund costs of  
            $500,000 to $700,000 to modify its existing, antiquated  
            business filing system to enable wage liens to be identified  
            in searches on individual properties. A new business filing  
            system is currently under development and scheduled to be  
            operable by June 2016. These additional costs to the Business  
            Fees Fund would reduce the amount of excess monies in this  
            fund that are annually transferred to the General Fund.

          3)Unknown, potentially significant court costs associated with  
            additional proceedings regarding wage claims.

           COMMENTS  

           1)Background and Purpose  . Under existing law, when an employer  
            fails to pay wages due, the employee has the right to file a  
            claim against his or her employer with the Division of Labor  
            Standards Enforcement (DLSE), which is directed by the State  
            Labor Commissioner. After conducting an investigation, the  
            Labor Commissioner may hold an administrative conference or  
            hearing, or both. If a party is unhappy with the  
            Commissioner's decision, it can appeal to the appropriate  
            civil court.

            The author contends, however, that even where a worker wins a  
            favorable decision, the process of collecting the award is  
            often difficult and ineffective. Irresponsible employers may  
            have already hidden their cash assets, declared bankruptcy, or  
            otherwise become judgment-proof. According to the author,  
            state agencies simply do not have the resources to collect  
            wages even where a decision has been rendered in favor of the  
            employee. The author believes that giving employees a "wage  
            lien," similar to the customary "mechanic's lien," will  
            provide an additional and arguable more effective tool for an  
            employee to recover unpaid wages. 

            This bill is supported by numerous employment rights  
            organizations and by the California Labor Federation, which  








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            argues that this expansion of the wage lien "will ensure that  
            where an employer disappears, files for bankruptcy, shirks  
            responsibility, closes its door and reopens under a different  
            business name, or engages in any other shady and unscrupulous  
            practice,? the worker is paid for his or her labor."

           2)In opposition  is a large coalition of business-related  
            interests, including the California Chamber of Commerce, the  
            California Building Industry Association, the Associated  
            General Contractors, and the California Retailers Association.  
            Opponents argue in part that employees should not be allowed  
            to interfere with an employer's business or property by filing  
            liens of such potential significance without having to first  
            prove the merit of their allegations, and that such  
            authorization will subject employers to constant extortion in  
            order to avoid a lien on their property. Moreover, opponents  
            are also concerned about provisions allowing a lien on  
            property other than employer's property, thus potentially  
            placing a burden on a third party having no knowledge or  
            control over the alleged violation.`

           Analysis Prepared by  :    Chuck Nicol / APPR. / (916) 319-2081