BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



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          ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
          AB 1335 (Maienschein)
          As Amended  January 8, 2014
          Majority vote 

           PUBLIC SAFETY       7-0         APPROPRIATIONS      16-0        
           
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          |Ayes:|Ammiano, Melendez,        |Ayes:|Gatto, Bigelow, Allen,    |
          |     |Jones-Sawyer, Quirk,      |     |Bocanegra, Bradford, Ian  |
          |     |Ridley-Thomas, Skinner,   |     |Calderon, Campos, Eggman, |
          |     |Waldron                   |     |Gomez, Holden, Linder,    |
          |     |                          |     |Pan, Quirk,               |
          |     |                          |     |Ridley-Thomas, Wagner,    |
          |     |                          |     |Weber                     |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
           SUMMARY  :  Makes specified sex crimes committed against victims  
          with mental disorders or physical or developmental disabilities  
          qualifying crimes for the "One Strike Sex Law" and the  
          vulnerable victim enhancement.  Specifically,  this bill :

          1)Adds the crimes of rape, sexual penetration, sodomy, and oral  
            copulation committed against a person who is incapable of  
            giving legal consent due to a mental disorder or developmental  
            or physical disability to the list of offenses which qualify  
            for the vulnerable-victim enhancement.

          2)Adds the crimes of rape, sexual penetration, sodomy, and oral  
            copulation committed against a person who is incapable of  
            giving legal consent due to a mental disorder or developmental  
            or physical disability to the list of offenses which qualify  
            for application of the "One Strike Sex Law".

           EXISTING LAW  : 

          1)Provides that a person who commits an act of rape against a  
            victim who is incapable of giving legal consent due to a  
            mental disorder or developmental or physical disability, shall  
            be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for three,  
            six, or eight years. 

          2)Provides that a person who commits an act of sodomy against a  
            victim who is incapable of giving legal consent due to a  








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            mental disorder or developmental or physical disability, shall  
            be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for three,  
            six, or eight years.  

          3)Provides that a person who commits an act of oral copulation  
            against a victim who is incapable of giving legal consent due  
            to a mental disorder or developmental or physical disability,  
            shall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for a  
            period of three, six, or eight years.  

          4)Provides that a person who commits an act of sexual  
            penetration against a victim who is incapable of giving legal  
            consent due to a mental disorder or developmental or physical  
            disability shall be punished by imprisonment in the state  
            prison for a period of three, six, or eight years.  

          5)Provides an additional punishment of one year when the  
            defendant knows or reasonably should know that the victim of  
            an enumerated offense is 65 years of age or older, blind,  
            deaf, developmentally disabled, a paraplegic, a quadriplegic,  
            or under 14 years old. 

          6)Provides an additional punishment of two years when the  
            defendant knows or reasonably should know that the victim of  
            an enumerated offense is 65 years of age or older, blind,  
            deaf, developmentally disabled, a paraplegic, a quadriplegic,  
            or under 14 years old, and where the defendant also has a  
            prior conviction for one of those crimes. 

          7)Defines "developmentally disabled" for purposes of the  
            vulnerable victim enhancement as "a severe, chronic disability  
            of a person, which is all of the following:

             a)   Attributable to a mental or physical impairment or a  
               combination of mental and physical impairments;

             b)   Likely to continue indefinitely; and

             c)   Results in substantial functional limitation in three or  
               more of the following areas of life activity:

               i)     Self-care;

               ii)    Receptive and expressive language;








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               iii)   Learning;

               iv)    Mobility;

               v)     Self-direction;

               vi)    Capacity for independent living;

               vii)   Economic self-sufficiency."  

          8)Provides that persons who commit rape, spousal rape, rape in  
            concert, lewd and lascivious acts on a minor, sexual  
            penetration, sodomy, oral copulation, continuous sexual abuse  
            of a child, shall be punished by 25-years-to-life if:

             a)   One or more of the following circumstances exist:  

               i)     The defendant has been previously convicted of a  
                 specified sex offense;  

               ii)    The defendant kidnapped the victim of the present  
                 offense and the movement of the victim substantially  
                 increased the risk of harm to the victim;

               iii)   The defendant inflicted aggravated mayhem or torture  
                 on the victim or another person in the commission of the  
                 present offense;  

               iv)    The defendant committed the present offense during  
                 the commission of a burglary of the first degree;

               v)     The defendant committed rape by a foreign object,  
                 sodomy in concert, as specified, oral copulation in  
                 concert as specified; or,

             b)   Two or more of the following circumstances exist: 

               i)      The defendant kidnapped the victim of the present  
                 offense, as specified;

               ii)    The defendant committed the present offense during  
                 the commission of a burglary, as specified;









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               iii)   The defendant personally used a dangerous or deadly  
                 weapon or a firearm in the commission of the present  
                 offense, as specified;

               iv)    The defendant has been convicted in the present case  
                 or cases of committing an offense specified against more  
                 than one victim;

               v)     The defendant engaged in the tying or binding of the  
                 victim or another person in the commission of the present  
                 offense; or,

               vi)    The defendant administered a controlled substance to  
                 the victim in the commission of the present offense, as  
                 specified.

          9)Provides that persons who commit rape, spousal rape, rape in  
            concert, lewd and lascivious acts on a minor, sexual  
            penetration, sodomy, oral copulation, continuous sexual abuse  
            of a child, shall be punished with 15-years-to-life if one of  
            the following circumstances exist:

               vii)   The defendant kidnapped the victim of the present  
                 offense, as specified;

               viii)  The defendant committed the present offense during  
                 the commission of a burglary, as specified;

               ix)    The defendant personally used a dangerous or deadly  
                 weapon or a firearm in the commission of the present  
                 offense, as specified;

               x)     The defendant has been convicted in the present case  
                 or cases of committing an offense specified against more  
                 than one victim;

               xi)    The defendant engaged in the tying or binding of the  
                 victim or another person in the commission of the present  
                 offense; or,

               xii)   The defendant administered a controlled substance to  
                 the victim in the commission of the present offense, as  
                 specified.
                








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           FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Assembly Appropriations  
          Committee, unknown, potentially significant ongoing out-year  
          costs for increased state prison commitments.

          In 2011 and 2012, about 50 offenders were sentenced to state  
          prison for the sex offenses covered by this bill.  It is not  
          known how many, if any, would have qualified for the enhanced  
          punishment proposed by this bill.  If only one person, however,  
          is sentenced annually under the expanded one-strike provisions  
          of this bill, annual General Fund (GF) costs would exceed  
          $500,000 after 10 years.  In addition, if only one person  
          annually receives a one-year enhancement, annual GF costs would  
          be in the range of $60,000.

           COMMENTS  :  According to the author, "Under AB 1335, the scope of  
          existing penalty enhancements in Penal Code section 667.9 will  
          be expanded, thus allowing prosecutors to obtain higher  
          penalties when sex crimes are committed against vulnerable  
          individuals specifically where it is difficult or impossible to  
          prove force was used due to the nature of the victim's  
          disability.  In the recent California example, this was  
          imperative as the victim's disability makes her incapable of  
          speech or movement.

          "Additionally, AB 1335 will expand One Strike base crime  
          offenses to include sex crimes involving a victim who is  
          incapable of giving consent due to a disability when performed  
          in conjunction with other aggravating circumstances, such as  
          kidnapping, restraining or use of a deadly weapon.

          "All victims deserve equal protection under the law.  AB 1335  
          will allow for more equitable punishment for those who commit  
          heinous crimes against victims who do not have the ability to  
          protect themselves."

          Please see the policy committee analysis for a full discussion  
          of this bill.
           

          Analysis Prepared by  :    Sandy Uribe / PUB. S. / (916) 319-3744 


                                                                FN: 0002993









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