BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 1442
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          CONCURRENCE IN SENATE AMENDMENTS
          AB 1442 (Gatto)
          As Amended August 22, 2014
          Majority vote 
           
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          |ASSEMBLY:  |78-0 |(May 15, 2014)  |SENATE: |36-0 |(August 26,    |
          |           |     |                |        |     |2014)          |
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           Original Committee Reference:    JUD.  

           SUMMARY  :  Requires a school district that gathers and maintains  
          information about a student from social media to notify students  
          and parents, limits the information that it collects, and  
          destroy the information when no longer needed as specified.   
          Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Requires a school district, county office of education, or  
            charter school administration (school district) that considers  
            a program to gather and maintain in its records personal  
            information obtained through social media on any student  
            enrolled in the school district to notify the students,  
            parents, and guardians about the proposed program and provide  
            an opportunity for public comment, as specified, prior to the  
            adoption of any such program.  In addition, a school district  
            that adopts such a program shall do all of the following:

             a)   Gather and maintain only information that pertains  
               directly to school safety or to student safety.
                
             b)   Provide students with access to any personal information  
               about the student gathered or maintained by the school  
               district and obtained from social media, and the  
               opportunity to correct or delete information gathered or  
               maintained by the school district.

             c)   Destroy personal information gathered from social media  
               maintained in its records within one year after a student  
               turns 18 years of age or within one year after the student  
               is no longer enrolled in the school district, whichever is  
               first, and to notify each parent or guardian of this  
               policy. 

             d)   If the school district contracts with a third party to  








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               gather personal information from social media on any  
               student enrolled in the school district, then the contract  
               shall do all of the following:

               i)     Prohibit the third party from using the information  
                 for purposes other than to satisfy the contract.

               ii)    Prohibit the third party from selling or sharing the  
                 information with any person or entity other than the  
                 school district, or the pupil or his or her guardian. 

               iii)   Require the third party to destroy the information  
                 immediately upon satisfying the terms of the contract, or  
                 within one year of a student turning 18 years of age or  
                 is no longer enrolled in the school, as specified. 
                
           The Senate amendments  : 

          1)Limit the information that may be collected to that which  
            pertains to school or student safety. 
          2)Delete or modify redundant definitions. 

          3)Make technical and clarifying changes. 
           
          FISCAL EFFECT  :  None 

           COMMENTS :  In recent years, in California and elsewhere, parents  
          and school officials have confronted the problem of  
          "cyberbullying" - or the use of electronic media by one student  
          to harass, intimidate, or generally terrorize another student.   
          While social media monitoring may be a reasonable response to  
          bullying, however, to the author and privacy advocates contend  
          that such monitoring, if not reasonably limited, could create  
          substantial privacy concerns. 

          This bill seeks to limit the amount of information that schools  
          collect when monitoring students and requires the destruction of  
          that information at a certain point.  Specifically, this bill  
          would only permit the school to monitor and collect information  
          from social media postings if such information pertains to  
          school or student safety.  The bill would require the school to  
          notify students and parents of any plan to gather social media  
          content, and to provide an opportunity for public comment before  
          adopting such a program.  The bill would also permit a student  
          to have access to any information that the school maintains and  








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          to correct or delete any information that is gathered or  
          maintained.  Finally, the bill would require the school district  
          to destroy any social media information that it gathers and  
          maintains within one year of the student turning 18 years of  
          age, or within one year after the student is no longer enrolled  
          in the school district, whichever comes first.  Recognizing that  
          many districts may, like the Glendale Unified School District,  
          contract with a third party to perform the monitoring, this bill  
          would also impose similar restrictions on the third party, and  
          expressly prohibits the third party from selling, sharing, or  
          disclosing the information to any entity other than the school  
          district, or to the student or his or her guardian. 

          It is important to stress what this bill does not do.  It does  
          not authorize schools to engage in any form of monitoring in  
          which they cannot already engage.  Although schools, like any  
          other person or entity, have the right to access social media  
          information that is publicly posted and accessible, a school's  
          ability to use and act upon such information is limited by any  
          number of legal and constitutional principles.  For example, a  
          school could not punish a student for social media postings if  
          those postings constituted protected speech under the First  
          Amendment, nor could a student be punished for his or her  
          postings if the punishment did not meet the grounds for  
          disciplinary actions set forth in Education Code Section 48907  
          et seq.  If a school district maintains the information in its  
          school records, then the school district cannot disclose any  
          information from those records in violation of the federal  
          Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act, or the parallel  
          privacy provisions in the California Education Code that  
          protects the privacy of student records.  This bill would  
          similarly impose constraints if a school district adopts a  
          social media monitoring program that is not otherwise  
          prohibited. 
           

          Analysis Prepared by  :    Thomas Clark / JUD. / (916) 319-2334 


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