BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






           SENATE TRANSPORTATION & HOUSING COMMITTEE       BILL NO: AB 1447
          SENATOR MARK DESAULNIER, CHAIRMAN              AUTHOR:  waldron
                                                         VERSION: 4/22/14
          Analysis by:  Eric Thronson                    FISCAL:  yes
          Hearing date:  June 10, 2014



          SUBJECT:

          Greenhouse gas emission reduction funding for traffic signal  
          synchronization

          DESCRIPTION:

          This bill specifies that a traffic signal synchronization  
          project may be a sustainable infrastructure project and  
          therefore eligible to receive cap-and-trade program revenues  
          under certain circumstances.

          ANALYSIS:

          AB 32 (Nu�ez), Chapter 488, Statutes of 2006, requires the  
          California Air Resources Board (ARB) to adopt regulations  
          necessary to reduce the state's greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions  
          to 1990 levels by the year 2020.  Among other measures, ARB has  
          implemented a market-based mechanism to help accomplish this  
          aim, commonly known as the cap-and-trade program, which creates  
          an emissions market and the opportunity for the state to raise  
          revenue through the auction of allowances to affected entities.   
            

          In 2012, the Legislature passed and the governor signed AB 1532  
          (P�rez), Chapter 807, which, among other things, established  
          broad categories within which the Legislature may appropriate  
          cap-and-trade revenues.  Existing law specifies that these broad  
          categories include, but are not limited to, the following:

           Energy efficiency, clean and renewable energy generation, and  
            similar projects
           Advanced technology vehicles and infrastructure for goods  
            movement and public transit
           Water, land conservation and management, and sustainable  
            agriculture
           Sustainable infrastructure projects including, but not limited  
            to transportation and housing




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           Increased diversion of municipal solid waste from landfills

           This bill  specifies that a traffic signal synchronization  
          project may be a sustainable infrastructure project and  
          therefore eligible to receive cap-and-trade program revenues if:

          1.It is designed and implemented to reduce GHG emissions, and 
          2.It includes specific reduction targets and metrics to evaluate  
            the project's effect.

          COMMENTS:

           1.Purpose  .  According to the author, traffic light  
            synchronization is a cost-effective solution to many problems,  
            including reducing GHG emissions and alleviating congestion.   
            The author contends that this bill is necessary because  
            existing law does not clearly state that traffic signal  
            synchronization is eligible for cap-and-trade revenues, even  
            though studies suggest that such projects reduce GHG  
            emissions.  

           2.Good idea, questionable implementation  .  Traffic signal  
            synchronization generally refers to the practice of sequencing  
            the timing of traffic lights along a corridor, or within a  
            geographic area, to improve traffic flow.  Studies show that  
            such projects have resulted in travel delay reductions between  
            13 and 94 percent, and a decrease of as much as 25 percent in  
            travel times.  Optimizing traffic flow through light  
            synchronization can greatly reduce GHG emissions.  For  
            example, Portland, Oregon found that, over the first six  
            years, their traffic signal optimization program prevented the  
            emission of more than 157,000 metric tons of carbon dioxide.

            Due to the demonstrated emission reduction benefits of traffic  
            light synchronization, this bill attempts to clarify that such  
            projects are eligible to receive cap-and-trade revenues by  
            inserting this fact into a section of existing law that  
            currently only describes in broad categories how the  
            Legislature may use these revenues.  While, in principle, it  
            appears to be a good idea to clarify that these types of  
            projects are eligible for cap-and-trade revenues because they  
            reduce emissions, inserting this clarification into existing  
            law the way this bill does may have unintended consequences.   
            For example, inserting a specific project type into a list of  
            broad expenditure categories could suggest that the  
            Legislature believes that this is the best or only good use of  




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            these funds.  Alternatively, including specific project types  
            in this section of law might suggest that anything not  
            specifically included is therefore not an eligible use of the  
            funds.  

            Opponents of this bill suggest that the Legislature intended  
            to broadly construe the particular section of existing law  
            that this bill amends in order to avoid confusion about what  
            specific projects are or are not good or eligible uses of the  
            funds.  The Legislature intended to provide broad authority  
            and direction, while leaving the agencies and entities tasked  
            with implementing emission reduction strategies with this  
            funding to determine the best specific strategies.

            Another way to state clearly that traffic light  
            synchronization projects are an eligible use of these funds  
            would be to add a separate section of law that simply states  
            these types of projects are sustainable infrastructure  
            projects and therefore eligible for cap-and-trade funding.   
            The committee may wish to amend the bill to move the language  
            in the bill to another section of state law where it is more  
            appropriate to declare a specific emission reduction strategy.

           3.Double-referral  .  The Rules Committee referred this bill to  
            both the Transportation and Housing Committee and to the  
            Environmental Quality Committee.  Therefore, if this bill  
            passes this committee, it will be referred to the Committee on  
            Environmental Quality.
            







          Assembly Votes:

               Floor:                            70-2
               Appr:     17-0
               Trans:                            16-0
               Nat. Res.:                          9-0

          POSITIONS:  (Communicated to the committee before noon on  
          Wednesday,                                             June 4,  
          2014.)




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               SUPPORT:  AAA Northern California, Nevada & Utah
                         Advantec Consulting Engineers
                         Automobile Club of Southern California
                         City of Albany
                         City of Belmont
                         City of Clovis
                         City of Dublin
                         City of Fairfield
                         City of Monterey
                         City of Sacramento
                         Econolite Group
                         Institute of Transportation Engineers Western  
          District
                         PHA Transportation Consultants
                         San Mateo County Transportation Authority
                         TJKM Transportation Consultants
                         One individual

               OPPOSED:  California Chamber of Commerce 
                         California League of Food Processors
                         California Manufacturers and Technology  
          Association
                         California Municipal Utilities Association
                         California Taxpayers Association