BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                            



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                                    THIRD READING


          Bill No:  AB 1450
          Author:   Garcia (D)
          Amended:  As introduced
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE EDUCATION COMMITTEE  :  7-0, 5/14/14
            AYES:  Liu, Wyland, Block, Hancock, Hueso, Huff, Monnin
            NO VOTE RECORDED:  Correa, Galgiani
           
          ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  73-0, 4/1/14 - See last page for vote


           SUBJECT  :    Pupils:  grounds for suspension and expulsion:   
          bullying

           SOURCE  :     Author


           DIGEST  :    This bill modifies the definition of bullying via an  
          electronic act, for the purposes of student suspension and  
          expulsion, from the "creation or transmission" of a  
          communication to the "creation or transmission" of a  
          communication by means of an electronic device, as specified.

           ANALYSIS  :    Existing law prohibits a student from being  
          suspended or recommended for expulsion unless the principal of  
          the school determines that the student has committed certain  
          acts, and gives schools the discretion to take action for most  
          offenses.
           
          Students may be suspended for a first offense if the school  
          principal determines that the student committed certain acts or  
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          that student's presence causes a danger to persons or property  
          or threatens to disrupt the instructional process or the student  
          committed certain acts.
           
           
          Bullying

           Relative to bullying, current law authorizes schools to suspend  
          or recommend for expulsion a student who engages in an act of  
          bullying, which is defined as any severe or pervasive physical  
          or verbal act or conduct, including communications made in  
          writing or by means of an electronic act, directed toward one or  
          more students that has or can be reasonably predicted to have  
          the effect of one or more of the following:

          1.Placing a reasonable student or students in fear of harm to  
            that student's or those students' person or property.

          2.Causing a reasonable student to experience a substantially  
            detrimental effect on his/her physical or mental health.

          3.Causing a reasonable student to experience substantial  
            interference with his/her academic performance.

          4.Causing a reasonable student to experience substantial  
            interference with his/her ability to participate in or benefit  
            from the services, activities, or privileges provided by a  
            school. 

          Existing law defines "electronic act" as the creation and  
          transmission, originated on or off the schoolsite, by means of  
          an electronic device, including but not limited to a telephone,  
          wireless telephone, or other wireless communication device,  
          computer, or pager, of a communication, including but not  
          limited to any of the following:

          1.A message, text, sounds, or image.

          2.A post on a social network website including, but not limited  
            to:

             A.   Posting to or creating a burn page, as defined, created  
               for the purpose of having one or more of the effects listed  
               above.

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             B.   Creating a credible impersonation of another actual  
               student, as defined, for the purpose of having one or more  
               of the effects listed above.

             C.   Creating a false profile, as defined, for the purpose of  
               having one or more of the effects listed above. 

          Existing law prohibits a student from being suspended or  
          expelled unless the act is related to a school activity or  
          school attendance.  Schools are specifically authorized to  
          suspend or expel a student for acts that are related to a school  
          activity or school attendance that occur at any time, including  
          but not limited to:

          1.While on school grounds.

          2.While going to or coming from school.

          3.During the lunch period whether on or off the campus.

          4.During, or while going to or coming from, a school-sponsored  
            activity.  

          This bill modifies the definition of bullying via an electronic  
          act, for the purposes of student suspension and expulsion, from  
          the "creation or transmission" of a communication to the  
          "creation or transmission" of a communication by means of an  
          electronic device, including, but not limited to, a telephone,  
          wireless telephone, or other wireless communication device,  
          computer, or pager, of a communication, including, but not  
          limited to, any of the following:

          1.A message, text, sound, or image.

          2.A post on a social network Internet Web site, including, but  
            not limited to posting to or creating a burn page.  "Burn  
            page" means an Internet Web site created for the purpose of  
            having one or more of the effects, as specified.

           Prior Legislation  

          AB 1216 (Campos, 2013) would have added to the list of acts for  
          which a student may be suspended or recommended for expulsion,  

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          willful injury, intimidation, interference with, oppression or  
          threaten any other student because of actual or perceived  
          characteristics of the victim of familial status, socio-economic  
          status or weight.  AB 1216 was never heard.

          SB 231 (Correa, 2013) would have established the California  
          Bullying Prevention Clearinghouse and required the  
          Superintendent of Public Instruction to convene an advisory  
          council to provide technical assistance on best practices that  
          reduce bullying.  SB 231 was held on the Assembly Appropriations  
          Committee's suspense file.

          AB 2242 (Dickinson, 2012) would have prohibited students who are  
          found to have disrupted school activities or otherwise willfully  
          defied the authority of school officials from being subject to  
          extended suspension, or recommended for expulsion.  AB 2242 was  
          vetoed by the Governor, whose veto message read:

               I cannot support limiting the authority of local school  
               leaders, especially at a time when budget cuts have greatly  
               increased class sizes and reduced the number of school  
               personnel.  It is important that teachers and school  
               officials retain broad discretion to manage and set the  
               tone in the classroom. 

               The principle of subsidiarity calls for greater, not less,  
               deference to our elected school boards which are directly  
               accountable to the citizenry.

          SB 1235 (Steinberg, 2012) would have encouraged schools that  
          have suspended more than 25% of the school's enrollment or more  
          than 25% of any numerically significant racial or ethnic  
          subgroup of the school's enrollment in the prior school year to  
          implement, for at least three years, at least one specified  
          strategies to reduce the suspension rate or disproportionality.   
          SB 1235 was vetoed by the Governor, whose veto message read:

               This bill requires the Superintendent of Public Instruction  
               each year to compile a list of schools which suspend too  
               high a percentage of their students and then invite  
               districts that have such schools to attend meetings to  
               discuss the problem. 

               My preference is to leave the matter of student suspension  

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               to local school boards and the citizens who elect them.

               I understand the author's concern, which is why I have  
               signed a number of other bills aimed at reducing the number  
               of student suspensions and expulsions. 

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  No   Local:  
           No

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  5/15/14)

          American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees
          California Communities United Institute 
          California Federation of Teachers
          California Teachers Association

           OPPOSITION  :    (Verified  5/15/14)

          American Civil Liberties Union
          Public Counsel

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    The California Federation of Teachers  
          writes in support, "?child safety is a number one priority and  
          that no student should be subjected to bullying.  In an age of  
          technology where students have instant access to electronic  
          devices and spend hours at a time online, bullying through  
          electronic means has increased significantly.  Recent reports of  
          teenage suicides caused by this type of bullying are becoming  
          more and more prevalent."

           ARGUMENTS IN OPPOSITION  :    Public Counsel Law Center writes in  
          opposition, "This is the third year in a row that legislation to  
          expand the ability to suspend pupils for bullying has been  
          proposed.  In the two prior years, legislation was enacted but  
          there is no evidence that bullying incidents have been reduced  
          or eliminated by passage of these bills.  We understand the  
          desire to punish this conduct but research does not support  
          suspension as a punishment that works to prevent or stop  
          bullying."  
           
           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  73-0, 4/1/14
          AYES:  Achadjian, Alejo, Ammiano, Atkins, Bigelow, Bloom,  
            Bocanegra, Bonilla, Bradford, Brown, Buchanan, Ian Calderon,  
            Campos, Chau, Ch�vez, Chesbro, Conway, Cooley, Dababneh,  

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            Dahle, Daly, Dickinson, Eggman, Fong, Fox, Frazier, Beth  
            Gaines, Garcia, Gatto, Gomez, Gonzalez, Gordon, Gray, Grove,  
            Hagman, Hall, Harkey, Roger Hern�ndez, Holden, Jones-Sawyer,  
            Levine, Linder, Logue, Lowenthal, Maienschein, Mansoor,  
            Medina, Melendez, Morrell, Mullin, Muratsuchi, Nazarian,  
            Nestande, Olsen, Pan, Patterson, Perea, V. Manuel P�rez,  
            Quirk, Quirk-Silva, Ridley-Thomas, Rodriguez, Salas, Skinner,  
            Stone, Wagner, Waldron, Weber, Wieckowski, Wilk, Williams,  
            Yamada, John A. P�rez
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Allen, Bonta, Donnelly, Gorell, Jones,  
            Rendon, Ting


          PQ:nl  5/16/14   Senate Floor Analyses 

                           SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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