BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �




                   Senate Appropriations Committee Fiscal Summary
                            Senator Kevin de Le�n, Chair


          AB 1530 (Chau) - Model Curricula: Computer Science
          
          Amended: August 4, 2014         Policy Vote: Education 6-0
          Urgency: No                     Mandate: No
          Hearing Date: August 4, 2014                                 
          Consultant: Jacqueline Wong-Hernandez                       
          
          This bill meets the criteria for referral to the Suspense File. 
          
          Bill Summary: AB 1530 requires the Superintendent of Public  
          Instruction (SPI) to consider identifying, developing or  
          revising model curriculum on computer science for kindergarten -  
          6th grade. This bill codifies legislative intent to encourage  
          the establishment of programs of instruction in computer  
          science, and regarding the concepts that should be included in  
          computer science instruction.

          Fiscal Impact: This bill requires the SPI to "consider"  
          identifying existing model curricula for grades K-6 in computer  
          science, and to recommend developing new or revising existing  
          model curricula to the state board of education (SBE) for  
          adoption. If the SPI decides to do so, the costs and cost  
          pressures are: 
              Model curriculum: $400,000 - $500,000 (General Fund) in  
              costs to the California Department of Education (CDE) over  
              an 18-month period to research K-6 computer science  
              curricula, as defined in the bill; to identify and review  
              model curricula; to recommend the revision of existing, or  
              development of new model curricula; and, to present model  
              computer science curricula to the SBE for adoption.
              Local costs: Substantial cost pressure for all elementary  
              schools to establish computer science programs, and to  
              provide the technological resources needed to implement  
              those programs. Significant cost pressure for the CDE to  
              provide technical assistance to schools in establishing and  
              maintaining these programs.

          Background: Model curriculum is designed to give classroom  
          instructors ready access to comprehensive and accurate  
          information that can be used to build engaging lessons for any  
          classroom. The CDE has published a standards-based model  
          curricula on various topics, including the life and work of  








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          Cesar Chavez and human rights. Model curricula is published on  
          the CDE's website and includes resources to help teachers  
          prepare lessons.  
          
          Proposed Law: This bill codifies legislative intent to encourage  
          the establishment of programs of instruction in computer  
          science, with instruction beginning as early as feasible for  
          each school district. It also codifies legislative intent  
          specifying the concepts that should be taught in computer  
          science instruction. This bill requires the SPI to consider  
          identifying existing model curricula for grades K-6 in computer  
          science, and to recommend developing new or revising existing  
          model curricula to the state board for adoption, by July 1,  
          2017. Upon adoption by the SBE, the SPI is required to post the  
          model curricula on the CDE's website. The provisions of this  
          bill sunset on July 1, 2018.

          Related Legislation: AB 1539 (Hagman) requires the Instructional  
          Quality Commission (IQC) to develop computer science content  
          standards by July 31, 2016. AB 1539 will also be heard in this  
          Committee on August 4, 2014.

          AB 2110 (Ting) requires the IQC to consider incorporating  
          computer science curriculum content into the mathematics,  
          science, history-social science, and English language arts  
          frameworks. AB 2110 will also be heard in this Committee on  
          August 4, 2014.

          Staff Comments: Identifying, revising, and potentially creating  
          model curricula in computer science for grades K-6, in the  
          absence of any computer science content standards for elementary  
          grades will be work-intensive for the CDE. Since the bill  
          requires only that the SPI "consider" the bill's proposed  
          workload, it is possible that the SPI will determine that it is  
          unworkable, or simply identify and post third-party curricula on  
          the CDE website. However, if the SPI does adhere to the bill's  
          structure, the CDE would be responsible for extensive work in  
          researching computer science curricula, determining what  
          standards it should meet, reviewing existing curricula against  
          those standards, recommending the revision of existing, or  
          development of new model curricula; and, ultimately revising or  
          creating that new curricula. 

          This bill specified that the goal of this K-6 computer science  








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          curricula, should be to introduce the fundamental concepts of  
          computer science, including instruction on computational  
          thinking, algorithmic processes and principles, hardware and  
          software design, computer applications, and the impact of  
          computers on society. In order to meet that goal, CDE workload  
          would require personnel specifically assigned to this activity,  
          as well as contracts with content experts. It is unclear that  
          the CDE's existing staff could create curriculum on hardware or  
          software design, for example. This process would also require  
          additional meetings of the IQC to discuss and act upon proposed  
          curricula and hear public testimony. Costs will ultimately  
          depend on the degree to which existing curricula can be used  
          with minimal revisions. If the CDE has to revise or develop  
          curricula in a subject area for which there are no K-6 standards  
          or frameworks, costs will likely be $400,000 - $500,000.

          There will also be significant ongoing cost pressure for the CDE  
          to provide technical assistance to schools in establishing and  
          maintaining computer science programs. It is unclear whether  
          elementary schools are equipped to teach computer science, as  
          defined in this bill. If the CDE produces and hosts model  
          curricula on its website, it is likely that schools will seek  
          assistance from the CDE in putting that curricula into practice.