BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






           SENATE TRANSPORTATION & HOUSING COMMITTEE       BILL NO: Ab 1532
          SENATOR MARK DESAULNIER, CHAIRMAN              AUTHOR:  gatto
                                                         VERSION: 5/23/14
          Analysis by:  Erin Riches                      FISCAL:  yes
          Hearing date:  June 24, 2014



          SUBJECT:

          Vehicles:  hit-and-run accidents

          DESCRIPTION:

          This bill establishes penalties for a hit-and-run accident that  
          does not result in bodily injury or property damage.  

          ANALYSIS:

          Hit and run:  injury or death

          Existing law requires a driver who is involved in an accident  
          resulting in the injury or death of another individual to  
          immediately stop the vehicle at the scene of the accident.  At  
          that time, the driver must provide specified information to the  
          occupant or occupants of the other vehicle or vehicles and to  
          law enforcement.  The driver must also produce his or her  
          driver's license or other identification upon request.  Existing  
          law requires the driver to render reasonable assistance to any  
          injured individual.  If another individual is killed in the  
          accident, and no law enforcement is present, the driver must  
          report the accident to the California Highway Patrol or to local  
          law enforcement.   

          Existing law provides that a driver who fails to stop when  
          involved in an accident resulting in the injury of another  
          individual shall be punished by up to one year in county jail or  
          state prison, a fine of between $1,000 and $10,000, or both.  

          Existing law provides that a driver who fails to stop when  
          involved in an accident resulting in the death or permanent,  
          serious injury of another individual shall be punished by two,  
          three, or four years in state prison; 90 days to one year in  
          county jail; a fine of between $1,000 and $10,000; or by both  
          imprisonment and a fine.  Existing law authorizes the court to  
          reduce or eliminate the minimum imprisonment, fine, or both.   




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          Existing law defines "permanent, serious injury" as the loss or  
          permanent impairment of function of a bodily member or organ.  

          Existing law requires the Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) to  
          immediately revoke, for one year, the driver's license of an  
          individual convicted for failing to stop when involved in an  
          accident resulting in the injury or death of another individual.

          Hit and run:  property damage

          Existing law requires a driver who is involved in an accident  
          resulting only in damage to any property, including vehicles, to  
          immediately stop the vehicle at the scene of the accident.  At  
          that time, the driver must provide specified information to the  
          owner of the vehicle or property.  The driver must also produce  
          his or her driver's license or other identification upon  
          request.  The driver must leave in a conspicuous place on the  
          vehicle or other damaged property a written notice providing  
          specified information.  Existing law also requires the driver to  
          report the accident to law enforcement.  
           
           Existing law provides that a driver who fails to stop when  
          involved in an accident resulting in property damage is guilty  
          of a misdemeanor and shall be punished by imprisonment of up to  
          six months in county jail, a fine of up to $1,000, or both. 
           
           Existing law provides that a court may suspend for up to six  
          months a driver's license of an individual convicted of failing  
          to stop in an accident resulting in property damage.  In lieu of  
          suspending the driver's license, the court may order restricted  
          driving privileges.  

           This bill  provides that a driver who fails to stop when involved  
          in an accident where an individual is struck, but not injured,  
          shall be guilty of a misdemeanor punishable by up to six months  
          in county jail, a fine of up to $1,000, or both.  This bill  
          further requires DMV to suspend the individual's driver's  
          license for six months.

          COMMENTS:

           1.Purpose  .  The author states that hit-and-run accidents run  
            rampant in cities such as Los Angeles.  A recent investigation  
            by L.A. Weekly found that nearly 20,000 hit-and-run crashes -  
            everything from fender-benders to multiple fatalities - are  
            recorded annually by the Los Angeles Police Department.  These  




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            incidents made up nearly half (48%) of all vehicle crashes in  
            2009, compared to an average rate of just 11% nationwide.  In  
            a recent interview, Los Angeles Police Department Chief  
            Charlie Beck stated that a combination of new laws, stiffer  
            penalties, and increased awareness would lead drivers to take  
            greater responsibility for their actions.  The author states  
            that this bill answers "this call to action" by bringing  
            greater penalties for the "cowardly crime" of hit-and-run.

           2.Punishing the innocent  ?  As currently written, this bill  
            penalizes a driver involved in an accident where an individual  
            is struck, but not injured.  If an accident is so minor that a  
            pedestrian or bicyclist is not injured, it is conceivable that  
            a driver might not even realize there was a collision and  
            simply continue driving, because he or she was ignorant of  
            that fact.  In addition, enforcing this bill could be  
            difficult since there would be no evidence in the form of  
            injury or property damage.  Finally, if a pedestrian or  
            bicyclist is not injured in an accident it seems quite  
            punitive to potentially impose a $1,000 fine, six months in  
            county jail, and a six-month driver's license suspension upon  
            the driver.  The author states that this penalty simply  
            mirrors the penalty for a hit-and-run accident involving  
            property damage.  To better align the penalty with the crime,  
            the author will accept amendments during the hearing to reduce  
            the penalty in this bill from a misdemeanor to an alternative  
            infraction/misdemeanor.  
               
           3.What problem are we trying to solve  ?  The author states that  
            the primary intent of this bill is to encourage drivers to  
            stop when involved in any kind of accident in which another  
            individual, particularly a bicyclist or pedestrian, is  
            involved.  The author points out that if a driver does not  
            stop, it is impossible to know whether any injury has  
            occurred.  The author states that although existing law  
            establishes penalties for three types of hit-and-run accidents  
            - those that cause injury; those that cause permanent, serious  
            injury or death; or those that cause only property damage -  
            existing law fails to address a fourth category: minor  
            injuries.  The author maintains that some judges have  
            dismissed hit-and-run cases due to the victim's injuries not  
            rising to the level of "permanent, serious injury."  This bill  
            as currently written, however, establishes penalties for a  
            driver involved in an accident where an individual is struck  
            but  not  injured, which does not appear to address the stated  
            problem of lesser injuries.  The author will accept amendments  




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            during the hearing to remove the words "but not injured," so  
            that this bill applies instead to the driver of a vehicle  
            involved in an accident where an individual is struck.  
          
          RELATED LEGISLATION:
          
          AB 2337 (Linder), also being heard by this committee today,  
          extends by one year the revocation period of an individual's  
          driver's license if he or she is convicted of a hit-and-run  
          accident in which another individual is killed or seriously  
          injured.

          AB 184 (Gatto), Chapter 765, Statutes of 2013, extends the  
          statute of limitations to up to six years after a hit-and-run  
          accident that caused death or permanent, serious injury.  

          Assembly Votes:

               Floor:    74-4
               Appr: 15-1
               Trans:    13-1
               Pub S:  7-0

          POSITIONS:  (Communicated to the committee before noon on  
          Wednesday,                                             June 18,  
          2014.)

               SUPPORT:  Alliance for Biking and Walking
                         Association for Los Angeles Deputy Sheriffs
                         Benjamin Franklin Elementary Foundation
                         California Alliance for Retired Americans
                         California Association of Highway Patrolmen
                         California Bicycle Coalition
                         California Fraternal Order of Police
                         California Walks
                         Circulate San Diego
                         Citizens for Law and Order
                         Conor Lynch Foundation
                         Contra Costa County Board of Supervisors
                         Crime Victims Action Alliance
                         Finish the Ride
                         League of American Bicyclists 
                         League of California Cities
                         Long Beach Police Officers Association
                         Los Angeles County Bicycle Coalition
                         Los Angeles County Deputy Probation Officers  




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          Union, AFSCME, 
                              Local 865
                         Los Angeles County Professional Peace Officers  
          Association
                         Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti
                         Los Angeles Police Protective League
                         Los Angeles Walks
                         Marin County Bicycle Coalition
                         Missing Link Bicycle Cooperative
                         National Providers for Home Health, Inc.
                         People Power of Santa Cruz County
                         Riverside Sheriffs' Association
                         Sacramento County Deputy Sheriffs Association 
                         Safe Routes to School National Partnership
                         San Francisco Mayor Edwin Lee
                         Santa Ana Police Officers Association
                         Silicon Valley Bicycle Coalition
                         Walk Bike Glendale
                         Walk San Francisco
                         Two individuals

               OPPOSED:  None received.