BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 1540
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          Date of Hearing:   April 9, 2014

                           ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                                Joan Buchanan, Chair
                    AB 1540 (Hagman) - As Amended:  March 10, 2014
           
           [Note:  This bill was double referred to the Assembly Committee  
          on Higher Education and was heard by that committee as it  
          relates to issues under its jurisdiction.]
           
          SUBJECT  :   Concurrent enrollment in secondary school and  
          community college

           SUMMARY  :   Expands opportunities for high school pupils to  
          concurrently enroll in a community college to undertake one or  
          more courses in computer science, and makes related changes.   
          Specifically,  this bill :  

          1)Authorizes the governing board of a school district to  
            authorize a pupil, at the recommendation of a community  
            college dean of a computer science department or other  
            appropriate community college computer science administrator,  
            and with parental consent, to attend a community college  
            during any session or term as a special part-time or full-time  
            student and to undertake one or more courses of computer  
            science offered at the community college.

          2)Provides that, if a course is a college-level computer science  
            course for credit as determined by the Chancellor of the  
            California Community Colleges (CCC) and the course is part of  
            a sequence of computer science courses leading to a degree in  
            the subject matter covered by the sequence, then a high school  
            pupil taking the course shall be exempt from the 5% cap on the  
            number of pupils from a school that can take a community  
            college summer course.

          3)Re-instates the exemption from the 5% cap for pupils  
            recommended by their principals and who are enrolled in  
            specified general education or occupational courses or courses  
            necessary to assist a pupil who has not passed the California  
            High School Exit Examination.

          4)Re-instates the requirement for the CCC Chancellor to report  
            to the Department of Finance by March 1 each year on the  
            number of pupils recommended for concurrent enrollment who  








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            enroll in community college summer session courses and who  
            receive a passing grade.

          5)Re-instates the prohibition against the CCC Board of Governors  
            including concurrent enrollment in specified summer session  
            courses.

          6)Authorizes the governing board of a community college district  
            to enter into a formal partnership with one or more school  
            districts in its service area to provide secondary school  
            pupils who have exhausted all opportunities to enroll in an  
            equivalent course at the high school of attendance with the  
            opportunity to benefit from one or more computer science  
            courses offered at a community college.

          7)Permits a secondary school pupil in a district subject to a  
            formal partnership to attend a community college during any  
            session or term as a special part-time or full-time student to  
            take computer science courses upon notification of the  
            principal that the pupil has exhausted all opportunities to  
            enroll in an equivalent course at the high school of  
            attendance and, if the pupil is under 18, with parental  
            consent.

          8)Requires the partnership agreement to outline the terms of the  
            partnership and provides that the agreement may include, but  
            not necessarily be limited to, the scope, nature, and schedule  
            of courses offered; the academic readiness of pupils that is  
            necessary for them to benefit from the courses offered; and  
            the ability of pupils to benefit from those courses.  

          9)Authorizes the agreements to establish protocols for  
            information sharing and joint facilities use.

          10)Requires a copy of the agreement to be filed with the CCC  
            Chancellor before the start of the program.

          11)Provides that a pupil shall receive community college and  
            high school credit for courses completed at the level  
            determined to be appropriate by the governing boards of the  
            school district and community college district pursuant to  
            their partnership agreement.

          12)Provides that either the community college district or the  
            high school district, but not both, may receive apportionment  








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            credit for pupils who are concurrently enrolled pursuant to  
            this program.

          13)Provides that, for purposes of this program, part-time  
            students may not enroll for more than 11 units per semester or  
            equivalent.

          14)Exempts school and community college districts that enter  
            into a partnership agreement from provisions that govern the  
            determination of eligibility for concurrent enrollment and  
            from the 5% cap on summer session enrollment.

           EXISTING LAW  

          1)Authorizes school district governing boards to permit a pupil  
            to concurrently attend a community college and take courses  
            for credit during any session or term as a part-time or  
            full-time student upon a determination that the pupil would  
            benefit from advanced academic or vocation work and with the  
            recommendation of the principal of the pupil's school of  
            attendance and consent of the pupil's parent.

          2)Requires school district governing boards, if a request for  
            concurrent enrollment is denied, to provide in writing its  
            reasons for the denial within 60 days and requires the  
            governing board to issue the written recommendation and denial  
            at its next regularly scheduled board meeting that falls at  
            least 30 days after the request was submitted.

          3)Authorizes a principal to recommend a pupil for a community  
            college summer session only if the pupil demonstrates adequate  
            preparation in the discipline to be studies and has exhausted  
            all opportunities to enroll in an equivalent course, if any,  
            at his or her school of attendance; or if the course is  
            necessary to assist a pupil who has not passed the California  
            High School Exit Examination.

          4)Caps the number of pupils who can be recommend for enrollment  
            in a community college summer session to 5% of the enrollment  
            in each grade level.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   Unknown

           COMMENTS :   Concurrent enrollment provides opportunities for  
          high school pupils to enroll in community college courses and  








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          earn college credit if a school district determines that the  
          pupil would benefit from the opportunity.  It is often used to  
          take advanced placement, honors courses, and other advanced  
          courses (such as the second or third year of a foreign language)  
          that are not offered at the high school.

           This bill  focuses on computer science courses and expands  
          opportunities for concurrent enrollment in such courses by doing  
          the following:

          1)Authorizing school districts and community college districts  
            to form partnerships for the purpose of providing concurrent  
            enrollment in computer science courses.

          2)Providing that a pupil who is concurrently enrolled in a  
            computer science course shall receive community college and  
            high school credit for successful completion of the course.

          3)Exempting concurrently enrolled pupils from the 5% cap on  
            summer session enrollment if the pupil is enrolled in a  
            college-level computer science course for credit as determined  
            by the CCC Chancellor and the course is part of a sequence of  
            computer science courses leading to a degree in the subject  
            matter covered by the sequence.

          4)Providing that a pupil who is concurrently enrolled may  
            general enrollment- or attendance- based apportionment revenue  
            for either the community college district or the high school  
            district, but not both.  (Concurrently enrolled students  
            generally generate apportionment revenue for the community  
            college district and the school district.)

          Arguments in support.   According to the author's office,  
          technology companies have a growing need for qualified employees  
          in the computer fields, yet only 647 K-12 courses were offered  
          in computer science or computer programming in 2012-13.  At the  
          same time, existing law limits the ability of high school  
          students to take such courses from community colleges because of  
          the cap on concurrent enrollment.  The purpose of this bill is  
          to provide more opportunities for high school pupils to take  
          computer science courses to help prepare more people for the  
          high-tech industry.

           Related legislation.   AB 1530 (Chau) encourages the  
          Superintendent of Public instruction to develop a curriculum on  








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          computer science.  AB 1764 (Olsen) permits, under specified  
          circumstances, a school district to award math credit for a  
          course in computer science, if the computer science course meets  
          the admission requirements for the University of California or  
          California State University.  Both bills are pending in the  
          Assembly.

          AB 1539 (Hagman) re:  content standards
          AB 2110 (Ting) re:  incorporate computer science curriculum in  
          math, etc.
          AB 1451 (Holden) re: concurrent enrollment

          Legislation in prior years includes SB 338 (Scott), Chapter 786,  
          Statutes of 2003, which specified courses eligible for  
          concurrent enrollment and academic credit; and AB 967  
          (Canciamilla) Chapter 399, Statutes of 2005, which exempted from  
          the enrollment cap the enrollment of a pupil recommended by  
          his/her principal. SB 1146 (Morrell), which died last year in  
          the Senate Appropriations Committee, would have extended the  
          sunset date on the exemption from the 5% enrollment cap for  
          specified courses.

           When is a high school pupil not a high school pupil?   Existing  
          law provides various assurances to all K-12 pupils, which  
          include the right to a free public education taught by  
          credentialed teachers who have been background-checked.  These  
          assurances do not extend to high school pupils for courses taken  
          while they are concurrently enrolled in a community college for  
          college credit.  The community college courses may be taught by  
          non-credentialed faculty who have not submitted to a background  
          check.  In addition, while concurrently enrolled students are  
          exempt from community college course fees, they may be required  
          to purchase textbooks and pay other fees.  These provisions  
          apply only to students who are concurrently enrolled for college  
          credit.

           This bill  expands existing concurrent enrollment provisions by  
          creating a mechanism through which community college faculty can  
          teach a computer science course to high school pupils for high  
          school credit as well as college credit, potentially on a high  
          school campus.  High schools could decide to offer computer  
          science courses exclusively through a partnership, leaving  
          pupils who want to enroll in such courses no alternative but to  
          be concurrently enrolled.  These pupils, who in every other  
          respect are high school pupils taking a course for high school  








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          credit, could be taught by non-credentialed teachers who have  
          not been background-checked, and could be required to purchase  
          their own textbooks and assessed other fees, such as a lab fee.   
           To prevent this, staff recommends that the bill be amended to  
          (1) provide that high school credit cannot be earned through  
          concurrent enrollment in a course that is not taught by a  
          credentialed teacher and (2) that pupils enrolled in the courses  
          for high school credit cannot be assessed any fees not otherwise  
          permitted by law.  In addition, staff recommends an amendment to  
          provide that, if participation in a computer science course  
          requires a personal computer, laptop, or other device, no pupil  
          shall be denied enrollment solely on the basis that he or she  
          does not have such a device.


           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          CalChamber
          California Communities United Institute
          California School Boards Association
          Microsoft
          Multiple individuals

           Opposition 
           
          None received
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Rick Pratt / ED. / (916) 319-2087