BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                           SENATE COMMITTEE on AGRICULTURE
                          Senator Cathleen Galgiani, Chair

          BILL NO:    AB 1566                   HEARING:  06/17/14
          AUTHOR:   Holden                      FISCAL:  Yes
          VERSION:  06/10/14                    CONSULTANT:  Anne Megaro
          
                              Inedible kitchen grease.

           SUMMARY  :

          This bill would expand the authorization of California  
          Department of Food and Agriculture (CDFA) and California Highway  
          Patrol (CHP) employees to enforce inedible kitchen grease laws  
          and regulations.  This bill would extend the sunset date for the  
          collection of annual fees charged by CDFA; authorize CDFA to  
          deny, suspend, or revoke licenses and registrations; increase  
          violation penalties; and make conforming and technical changes. 
          

           BACKGROUND AND EXISTING LAW  :

          Inedible kitchen grease (IKG) is a byproduct of commercial  
          cooking that can be rendered into a valuable product and used  
          for biofuel or as an ingredient in animal feed.  Typically,  
          restaurants will store IKG behind buildings and in alleyways  
          awaiting pickup and transportation to rendering facilities.  Due  
          to the increasing value of biofuels, IKG theft has risen over  
          the past several years and has proven to be a relatively easy  
          and profitable target for thieves.

          The CDFA Inedible Kitchen Grease Program was established in 1995  
          in response to increasing theft of IKG.  This program is  
          responsible for regulating and enforcing IKG laws and works  
          closely with local law enforcement to conduct investigations and  
          prevent IKG theft.  To assist in these efforts, CDFA requires  
          all renderers and collection centers to apply for and obtain a  
          license and requires all IKG transporters to be registered.   
          Existing law authorizes CDFA to revoke, suspend, or refuse to  
          issue a renderer or collection center license or transporter  
          registration under specified circumstances, including previous  
          violations of IKG transportation laws or regulations (Food and  
          Agricultural Code �19300 et seq.). 

          Existing law requires licensed renderers, collection center  
          operators, and registered transporters to retain specified  
          records reflecting sales and transportation of IKG for two  
          years.  Existing law prohibits anyone from accepting IKG from  
          any unregistered transporter and from possessing any IKG that is  




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          knowingly stolen.  Existing law provides for fines and/or  
          imprisonment for violations of these provisions.  

          Existing law authorizes the secretary of CDFA, in lieu of  
          seeking civil prosecution, to levy civil penalties for  
          violations in an amount not to exceed $1,000 for each violation  
          and provides for an administrative hearing and appeal process.

          Existing law creates the Rendering Industry Advisory Board that  
          shall provide recommendations to the secretary of CDFA regarding  
          rendering and IKG enforcement, fees, annual budget, and  
          regulations (Food and Agricultural Code �19218).


           PROPOSED LAW  :

           This bill:

              1.   Extends the sunset date for the collection of annual  
               fees charged by CDFA to cover the costs of administering  
               provisions regarding IKG theft.  These fees are collected  
               from rendering plants, collection centers, and IKG  
               transporters and are in addition to license and  
               registration fees.  The operation and repeal of these  
               provisions are extended to July 1, 2020 and January 1,  
               2021, respectively. 

             2.   Repeals the requirement that CDFA provide notice and a  
               hearing before refusing to issue a renderer or collection  
               center license.

             3.   Allows a person who was refused a license or whose  
               license was revoked or suspended to appeal to CDFA within  
               20 days of being notified.  The appeal shall be in writing  
               and signed, and an oral argument may be granted.

             4.   Requires CDFA to provide a written decision within 45  
               days of the appeal or within 15 days of the oral argument,  
               and the appellant may seek a review of CDFA's decision.

             5.   Requires that all records that are required to be kept  
               by renderers, collection centers, or transporters shall be  
               maintained for two years.  These records shall be provided  
               upon request to any peace officer or authorized CDFA or CHP  
               employee. 

             6.   Increases violation fines from $500 to $1,000 for a  





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               first offense, from $1,000 to $5,000 for a second offense  
               within the same year, and from $2,000 to $10,000 for a  
               third offense within two years.

             7.   Authorizes CDFA to refuse to issue an original or  
               renewal registration certificate to transporters of IKG if  
               the applicant fails to pay in full any penalty levied by  
               CDFA for a previous violation regarding rendering or IKG  
               transportation.

             8.   Requires CDFA to adopt regulations that specify the  
               maximum time an IKG transporter's registration may be  
               refused, suspended, or revoked, which shall be based on the  
               severity or the number of the violations and shall not  
               exceed three years.

             9.   Prohibits licensed renderers, collection centers, and  
               registered IKG transporters from taking possession of IKG  
               from an unlicensed collection center or unlicensed  
               renderer.  This provision is in addition to current  
               prohibitions against accepting IKG from unregistered  
               transporters or IKG that is knowingly stolen.

             10.  Defines the terms "container", "manifest",  
               "transportation", "inedible kitchen grease", "rendering",  
               "collection center", and "licensed collection center,"  
               within the Vehicle Code.

             11.  Authorizes a peace officer or authorized CDFA or CHP  
               employee to inspect any premises maintained by a licensed  
               renderer, collection center, or registered transporter to  
               determine recordkeeping compliance.

             12.  Prohibits any person who is not a licensed renderer or  
               collection center or a registered IKG transporter from  
               bringing IKG into California.

             13.  Amends the Vehicle Code relating to impoundment of  
               vehicles involved in the theft or movement of stolen IKG.   
               (These provisions will be discussed in further detail  
               should this bill be re-referred to the Senate Committee on  
               Transportation and Housing.)

             14.  Requires all vehicles transporting IKG to permanently  
               affix and prominently display a current registration decal  
               issued by CDFA and requires these vehicles to conspicuously  
               display the registered person's or company's name and  





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               address or the carrier identification number issued by the  
               CHP on both front doors of the vehicle.

             15.  Conforms the Vehicle Code to the Food and Agricultural  
               Code regarding rendering and IKG transportation.

             16.  Makes technical changes.


           COMMENTS  :

           Need for this bill:   According to the author, this bill seeks to  
          strengthen existing law by increasing fines and penalties for  
          grease theft.  Thieves can make more profit in one night of IKG  
          theft than the cost of paying the current fine.  Furthermore,  
          this bill would strengthen CDFA's licensing program for IKG  
          haulers and renderers and provide a streamlined process for CDFA  
          to suspend or revoke licenses of those caught illegally hauling  
          IKG.

           Liquid Gold:   IKG has become a valuable commodity in the last  
          decade, especially in light of rising gasoline prices and  
          corresponding growth in the biodiesel fuel industry.  Recycling  
          an otherwise 'grimy waste product' into a valuable feed or  
          biofuel resource is attractive and profitable.  According to a  
          recent article, IKG is traded in commodity markets and its value  
          has skyrocketed from $0.66 per gallon in April 2001 to $3.68 per  
          gallon in April 2011 ("Grease is gold; thieves get bold."  News  
          & Observer, NC.  June 1, 2011).  A more recent article published  
          in The New Yorker states that a thief driving down a strip-mall  
          alleyway can collect $4,000 worth of IKG in half an hour ("Hot  
          Grease."  The New Yorker.  November 18, 2013.)

           IKG Theft Program:   According to the CDFA IKG Theft Program,  
          legitimate companies and restaurants are losing millions of  
          dollars to theft and container damage by IKG thieves.  Thieves  
          break into storage containers and pump out the contents, where a  
          truck load could bring in as much as $600 at a grease recycling  
          center.
           Environmental impact:   In addition to theft concerns, the  
          process of rendering IKG creates harmful waste byproducts that  
          must be handled and disposed of properly so as not to damage or  
          contaminate waterways or the environment.  It is unlikely that  
          black-market IKG thieves are equipped to handle these chemicals.

           Double referral:   The Senate Rules Committee has double referred  
          this bill to the Senate Transportation and Housing Committee as  





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          the second committee of referral.  Therefore, if this measure is  
          approved by this committee, the motion should include an action  
          to re-refer the bill to the Senate Committee on Transportation  
          and Housing.


           RELATED LEGISLATION  :

          AB 2378 (Huber), Chapter 303, Statutes of 2012.  Increases  
          maximum fines for specified crimes related to IKG theft.   
          Requires transporters, renderers, and collection centers to  
          maintain records on IKG for two years.

          SB 513 (Cannella), Chapter 393, Statutes of 2011.  Creates the  
          Rendering Industry Advisory Board, including membership and  
          duties, and reauthorizes the licensing of renderers and the  
          collection of fees to sunset January 1, 2016.

          AB 2612 (Agriculture), Chapter 393, Statutes of 2010.  This  
          omnibus bill, among other provisions, expands rendering  
          definitions of a "collection center," changes collection  
          centers' licensure expiration dates, and exempts collection  
          centers from specified fees.

          AB 1249 (Galgiani), Chapter 280, Statutes of 2009.  Authorizes  
          the transportation of dead animals to alternative facilities  
          during a state of emergency; extends the sunset date to January  
          1, 2016, for the CDFA administration fee for the Inedible  
          Kitchen Grease Program.  
           
          PRIOR ACTIONS  :

          Assembly Floor      73-0
          Assembly Appropriations  17-0
          Assembly Agriculture       7-0
          Assembly Transportation  15-0

           SUPPORT  :
          
          Pacific Coast Rendering Association 
          California Grain and Feed Association
          Claremont Chamber of Commerce
          California Restaurant Association

           OPPOSITION  :
          
          None received





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