BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �




                   Senate Appropriations Committee Fiscal Summary
                            Senator Kevin de Le�n, Chair


          AB 1586 (Holden) - Public contracts: priority hiring  
          consideration.
          
          Amended: May 7, 2014            Policy Vote: GO 6-2
          Urgency: No                     Mandate: No
          Hearing Date: June 30, 2014                             
          Consultant: Mark McKenzie       
          
          This bill meets the criteria for referral to the Suspense File.
          
          Bill Summary: AB 1921 would expand the requirements for  
          providing priority hiring consideration for state contracts for  
          services exceeding $200,000 by requiring contractors to hire all  
          qualified job applicants that receive or have exhausted  
          unemployment insurance (UI) benefits, and those who reside in  
          specified targeted employment areas (TEAs) prior to hiring any  
          other applicant.

          Fiscal Impact: 
              Unknown impact on state contracting costs.  There may be  
              increased costs to the extent that the requirements  
              discourage contractors from bidding on state contracts.   
              Reducing the pool of contractors could decrease competition  
              and increase contract costs.  In addition, any increased  
              costs to the contractor related to vetting employment  
              qualifications and determining eligibility for the hiring  
              preference could be added into bid prices.  (General and  
              special funds)

              There could be reduced costs to the state (Unemployment  
              Fund) if the bill results in the hiring of persons currently  
              receiving unemployment benefits who are not also currently  
              recipients of aid under the California Work Opportunity and  
              Responsibility to Kids (CalWORKs) program.  

              Likely minimal cost impacts on the Employment Development  
              Department (EDD) because, unlike the current requirements to  
              notify CalWORKs recipients of available jobs, this bill does  
              not require EDD to notify persons residing in TEAs, or those  
              who receive or have exhausted UI benefits of available jobs  
              related to a state contract.  









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          Background: Existing law requires a contractor filling vacancies  
          funded by a state agency contract for services in excess of  
          $200,000 to give priority consideration to qualified recipients  
          of CalWORKs aid.  This requirement applies to contracts for the  
          furnishing of equipment, materials, or supplies, and explicitly  
          excludes consulting services contracts and contracts for  
          construction projects related to state structures, buildings,  
          roads, or other improvements, as specified.  A complementary  
          provision of law enacted by the same statute that added this  
          hiring preference (SB 487 (Greene), Chap. 1259/1984) also  
          requires a contractor to notify EDD of job openings associated  
          with state contracts, and requires EDD to notify qualified  
          CalWORKs recipients of the job openings and to refer them to the  
          contractor within five working days (Welfare and Institutions  
          Code 11349.2).

          Existing law provides welfare services and cash aid for eligible  
          families under the California Work Opportunity and  
          Responsibility to Kids (CalWORKs) program.  According to the  
          Department of Social Services (DSS) there were 283,166 adult  
          CalWORKs recipients as of April of 2014.  

          Existing law authorizes individuals who are currently unemployed  
          or working part-time to apply to EDD for UI benefits.  An  
          unemployment claim is effective for one year and claimants can  
          receive 12-26 weeks of full benefits.  During periods of high  
          unemployment, additional benefits may be granted by Congress or  
          the Legislature.  According to EDD statistics from June of 2014,  
          there are more than 557,000 individuals certifying for benefits  
          on a regular unemployment claim in California, and there are  
          nearly 1,275,000 unemployed workers who have exhausted benefits.  
           

          Recently repealed statutes, the Enterprise Zone Act, defined a  
          "targeted employment area" as an area within a city or county  
          that is composed of census tracts designated by the U.S.  
          Department of Housing and Urban Development as having at least  
          51 percent of its residents of low- or moderate-income levels.   
          It is unknown how many Californians are residents of a TEA under  
          the former Enterprise Zone Act, but the San Francisco TEA alone  
          accounted for nearly 375,000 residents as of the 2010 census, so  
          it is likely that the statewide figure could be in the low  
          millions.  









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          Proposed Law: AB 1586 would require a contractor filling  
          vacancies funded by a state agency contract for services in  
          excess of $200,000 to give priority consideration to job  
          applicants who are one or more of the following (in addition to  
          CalWORKs recipients):
                 Receiving or have exhausted UI benefits.
                 Residents of specified TEAs.
          The bill defines "priority consideration" as a requirement that  
          the contractor hire all qualified applicants, as determined by  
          the employer, who meets one or more of the specified criteria  
          and applies for a position within five working days of the job  
          opening being listed with EDD, before hiring any other  
          applicant.

          Staff Comments: There is no data available to assess whether the  
          current hiring preference is successful at reducing the  
          population of Californians receiving CalWORKs benefits.  There  
          are also no effective enforcement measures or metrics to judge  
          contractor compliance with the requirement to hire all qualified  
          CalWORKs recipients prior to hiring any other qualified  
          applicants.  As such, there would be no way to effectively  
          measure whether expanding the preference to include persons  
          living in lower income census tracts and those currently or  
          formerly receiving UI benefits would provide the intended  
          benefits.  However, to the extent that the bill results in  
          contractors hiring current recipients of UI benefits who are not  
          also CalWORKs recipients, the bill could result in some measure  
          of unquantifiable state savings to the unemployment insurance  
          program.

          As noted above, SB 487 (Greene) established the hiring  
          preference for CalWORKs recipients, requiring contractors to  
          immediately notify EDD of job openings related to the contract,  
          and requiring EDD to notify qualified CalWORKs recipients of the  
          job openings within five working days.  AB 1586 requires  
          contractors to hire all qualified persons who meet one or more  
          of the specified criteria and who apply for a job opening listed  
          with EDD within five working days, but unlike the current  
          requirements associated with CalWORKS recipients, this bill does  
          not require EDD to notify job seekers who reside in a former TEA  
          or those currently or formerly receiving UI benefits of the job  
          openings or require EDD to refer prospective applicants directly  
          to the contractor.  The absence of this extra linkage between  
          employer and prospective employee may reduce the effectiveness  








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          of the bill.  EDD indicates that the current bill would have  
          little fiscal impact because the department would not have the  
          same intermediary role for persons qualifying under the expanded  
          criteria as they currently provide for CalWORKs recipients.  If  
          EDD were required to notify persons meeting the expanded  
          criteria for the hiring preference and refer them to  
          contractors, costs could be significant.

          AB 1586 would dramatically expand the population of persons  
          qualifying for priority hiring consideration related to  
          specified state contracts from approximately 280,000 CalWORKs  
          recipients to include potentially millions of persons residing  
          in lower income areas and those who receive or have exhausted UI  
          benefits.  The majority of the onus in the bill falls to the  
          contractors themselves.    The bill would reduce the flexibility  
          of a contractor to make hiring decisions that may be their best  
          interests since they must hire all applicants who meet the  
          hiring preference criteria and meet minimum qualifications  
          before hiring any other applicant, even those with superior  
          qualifications, experience, or employment history.  Under the  
          current preference, EDD notifies the contractor whether a  
          referred applicant is currently a CalWORKs recipient.  AB 1586  
          would require contractors to vet all applicants to see whether  
          they reside in a particular qualifying census tract or whether  
          they receive or have exhausted UI benefits before hiring others.  
             Contractors may increase bid prices to account for these  
          extra duties, or could decide that the requirements are too  
          intrusive and opt not to bid on state contracts.  Any state  
          fiscal impacts are difficult to quantify, but there could be an  
          overall increase in state contracting costs to the extent that  
          contractors increase bid prices or to the extent that the bill  
          discourages contractors from bidding on state contracts.   
          Reducing the pool of contractors could decrease competition and  
          increase contract costs.