BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó






                          SENATE COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                                 Carol Liu, Chair
                            2013-2014 Regular Session
                                         

          BILL NO:       AB 1606
          AUTHOR:        Chavez
          AMENDED:       March 4, 2014
          FISCAL COMM:   No             HEARING DATE:  May 14, 2014
          URGENCY:       No             CONSULTANT:Lenin Del Castillo
           
          SUBJECT  :  Community college employees:  leaves of absence.
          
           SUMMARY   

          This bill would allow community college academic and  
          classified employees to use up to 30 days of leave, as  
          specified, for the purpose of bonding with a new child.  

           BACKGROUND  

          Under current law, the governing board of a community college  
          district must provide for a leave of absence from duty for  
          any academic employee of the district who is required to be  
          absent from duties because of pregnancy, miscarriage,  
          childbirth, and recovery therefrom.  The length of the leave  
          of absence, including the date on which the leave began and  
          the date on which the employee shall resume duties, shall be  
          determined by the employee and the employee's physician.   
          Current law also provides that this section of law shall be  
          construed as requiring the governing board of a community  
          college district to grant leave with pay only when it is  
          necessary to do so in order that leaves of absence for  
          disabilities caused or contributed to by pregnancy,  
          miscarriage, or childbirth be treated the same as leaves for  
          illness, injury, or disability.  (EC § 87766)

          Current law allows every academic employee employed five days  
          a week by a community college district to be entitled to 10  
          days leave of absence for illness or injury and any  
          additional days that the governing board may allow for  
          illness or injury, exclusive of all days he or she is not  
          required to render service to the district, with full pay for  
          a college year of service.  (EC § 87781) 

          Current law also authorizes the governing board of a  







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          community college district to adopt rules permitting academic  
          employees of the district to use illness leave earned in  
          cases of compelling personal importance, but provides that  
          the additional sick leave time, together with any other leave  
          for personal necessity, as specified, shall not exceed six  
          days in any single school year.  (EC § 87781.5)

          Current law provides that any days of leave of absence for  
          illness or injury may be used by an academic employee, at his  
          or her election, in cases of personal necessity.  The  
          governing board of each community college district is  
          required to adopt rules and regulations requiring and  
          prescribing the manner of proof of personal necessity for  
          these purposes.  No such accumulated leave in excess of six  
          days may be used in any school year for personal necessity.   
          (EC § 87784) 

          Further, current law provides that every classified employee  
          employed five days a week by a community college district  
          shall be entitled to 12 days leave of absence for illness or  
          injury, with additional days as allowed by the governing  
          board for illness and injury (EC § 88191).

          Current law also allows a contract or regular employee for a  
          community college to use any days of absence for illness or  
          injury earned, as specified, in cases of personal necessity,  
          including any of the following: 

             1)   Death of a member of the employees immediate family  
               when additional leave is required beyond what is already  
               provided;

             2)   Accident involving the person or property of the  
               employee or of a member of his or her immediate family; 

             3)   Appearance in any court or before any administrative  
               tribunal as a litigant, party or witness under subpoena  
               or any order made with jurisdiction; and 

             4)   Any other reasons the governing board may prescribe. 

          Current law requires each governing board of each community  
          college district to adopt rules and regulations requiring and  
          prescribing the manner of proof of personal necessity for  
          these purposes and specifies that earned leave in excess of  







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          seven days may not be used in any college year, except under  
          specified conditions, including the condition in which a  
          number of days in excess of seven is provided in an agreement  
          between the exclusive representative of the employees and the  
          community college district.  (EC § 88207)

           ANALYSIS  

           This bill  :

             1)   Allows community college academic and contract or  
               regular employees to take up to 30 days of leave in a  
               school year, less than any days of leave authorized for  
               sick leave and personal necessity, in either of the  
               following circumstances:

                  a)        A biological parent may use leave within  
                    the first year of his or her infant's birth.

                  b)        A nonbiological parent may use leave within  
                    the first year of legally adopting a child.

             1)   Provides that if the provisions of the bill are in  
               conflict with the terms of a collective bargaining  
               agreement in effect before January 1, 2015, the  
               provisions of the bill would not apply to the public  
               employer and public employees subject to that agreement  
               until the expiration or renewal of the agreement.

           STAFF COMMENTS
           
              1)   Need for the bill  .  According to the author's office,  
               it is importance to establish a work-life balance.   
               However, when bonding with their newborn or newly  
               adopted child, many community college employees and  
               faculty only receive the minimum days allowed by current  
               law (six days for faculty and seven days for classified  
               employees) and are not given the opportunity to bond  
               with their children.  This bill expands the minimum  
               allowed for family bonding time to 30 days and provides  
               that the time off will be paid from employees' accrued  
               sick-leave.  The author states, "Providing paid leave to  
               our families is critical to strengthening the bond that  
               forms between parents and children.  That bond is vital  
               to the long-term health and well-being of children as  







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               they grow, and helps build strong families. This is a  
               common sense measure that will improve the lives of  
               children and help our communities."  

              2)   Protected leave  .  The federal Family Medical Leave  
               Act (FMLA) and the California Family Rights Act (CFRA)  
               provide certain employees up to 12 weeks of unpaid,  
               job-protected leave a year for the purpose of bonding  
               with a child and requires group health benefits to be  
               maintained during the leave as if employees continued to  
               work instead of taking leave.  But there is no pay  
               associated with the FMLA and CFRA, other than what the  
               employee has earned in other accrued leaves that may  
               apply.  The FMLA and CFRA are only employment protected  
               leaves.

              3)   Paid Family Leave (PFL)  .  The PFL program extends  
               disability compensation to individuals (male or female)  
               who take time off work to care for a seriously ill  
               child, spouse, parent, domestic partner, or to bond with  
               a new child, or a child in connection with adoption or  
               foster care placement.  The PFL program is a component  
               of the State Disability Insurance (SDI) program and  
               workers covered by the SDI program are also covered for  
               this benefit.  The maximum benefit is six times the  
               weekly benefit amount, with no more than six weeks of  
               PFL benefits paid within any 12-month period.  Employees  
               of community college districts may only be eligible for  
               the PFL program if they are covered by the SDI program  
               through a negotiated agreement with the State of  
               California.  It is unclear how many employees of the 72  
               community college districts buy into the SDI program.   
               If a community college employee does not pay into the  
               SDI program, he or she would not be eligible to receive  
               disability compensation under the PFL program.  In this  
               scenario and assuming the employee is on leave for  
               bonding time, the employee would need to use vacation  
               time, sick leave, or personal necessity to receive  
               compensation or elect to take leave without pay.   
               However, there are limitations in current law on the  
               number of days of sick leave and personal necessity that  
               an employee can use (6 days for an academic employee and  
               7 days for a classified employee) while on maternity or  
               paternity leave, even if the employee has a sick leave  
               balance.  







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              4)   Collective bargaining  .  Many collective bargaining  
               agreements allow the use of sick leave and personal  
               necessity for purposes of illness and injury.  What  
               constitutes sick leave and personal necessity leave is  
               mostly left to local discretion and it is unclear if  
               taking leave for child bonding always qualifies.  By  
               expanding the minimum number of sick days that an  
               employee can use for family bonding time, this bill  
               could be in direct conflict with existing local  
               bargaining agreements that do not recognize bonding time  
               as an appropriate use of sick leave.  However, the bill  
               provides that if it is in conflict with the terms of a  
               collective bargaining agreement in effect before January  
               1, 2015, the bill would not apply until the expiration  
               or renewal of the agreement.  Regardless, one could  
               argue the bill would circumvent the local bargaining  
               process with regards to the use of an employee's accrued  
               sick leave balance for family bonding.  On the contrary,  
               it would not affect the amount of leave time taken for  
               family bonding because the federal Family Medical Leave  
               Act already provides employment protection for up to 12  
               weeks of leave a year for this purpose.

           SUPPORT
           
          California Teachers Association 

           OPPOSITION
           
          Community College League of California