BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 1608
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:   May 7, 2014

                        ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS
                                  Mike Gatto, Chair

                    AB 1608 (Olsen) - As Amended:  March 18, 2014 

          Policy Committee:                              Business and  
          Professions  Vote:                            14 - 0
                        Judiciary                             10 - 0 

          Urgency:     No                   State Mandated Local Program:  
          Yes    Reimbursable:              No

           SUMMARY  

          This bill authorizes licensed private investigators to organize  
          as a limited liability company (LLC) until January 1, 2020.   
          Specifically, this bill:

             1)   Requires an LLC to maintain a policy or policies of  
               insurance against liability imposed on or against it by law  
               for damages arising out of claims based upon acts, errors,  
               or omissions arising out of the private investigator  
               services it provides. 


             2)   Requires an applicant for an LLC license to obtain and  
               maintain a minimum one million dollar ($1,000,000)  
               insurance liability policy for a licensee that has up to  
               five managing members, and require an additional one  
               hundred thousand dollars ($100,000) in coverage for each  
               additional managing member up to five million dollars  
               ($5,000,000) in total insurance in any one designated  
               period.


             3)   Requires an applicant for an LLC license to submit  
               specified information and documentation to the Bureau of  
               Security and Investigative Services (BSIS) that demonstrate  
               compliance with financial security requirements, and also  
               to submit a Certificate of Liability Insurance to BSIS,  
               signed by an authorized agent or employee or the insurer. 

             4)   Provides that the license of a LLC is subject to  








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               suspension if a licensee fails to maintain sufficient  
               insurance as required by this act, and that if the license  
               is suspended, then each member of the LLC shall be  
               personally liable up to one million dollars ($1,000,000)  
               each for damages resulting to third parties in connection  
               with the company's performance, during the period of  
               suspension, of any act or contract when a license is  
               required. 

           FISCAL EFFECT  

          Costs associated with this legislation would be minor and  
          absorbable within existing BSIS resources.

           COMMENTS  

              1)   Purpose  .  The author notes while LLCs are an  
               increasingly popular form for business entities, existing  
               law prohibits licensed private investigators from  
               organizing as LLCs.  This bill seeks to allow licensed  
               private investigators to enjoy the benefits of operating as  
               an LLC, which may include tax benefits and protection from  
               individual civil liability, by authorizing private  
               investigators to be licensed as LLCs, but ensures consumer  
               protection by requiring liability insurance and specific  
               information and documentation from the application.


              2)   Private Investigators in California  . According to the  
               California Association of Licensed Investigators (CALI),  
               there are approximately 9,000 private investigators  
               licensed by the Bureau of Security and Investigative  
               Services (BSIS) within the Department of Consumer Affairs.  
               License requirements include 6,000 hours of compensated  
               experience in investigative work over three years, or a law  
               degree or completion of a four-year course in police  
               science plus two years of experience or an associate degree  
               in police science, criminal law, or justice and two years  
               of experience. Licensure requires the passage of background  
               checks by DOJ and the FBI and payment of licensure fees  
               which are currently $125 biennially. The majority of  
               licensed private investigator businesses are organized as  
               sole proprietorships, others are organized as corporations  
               or partnerships. 









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              3)   Limited liability companies  . An LLC is a business form  
               that combines the limited liability benefits of a  
               corporation with the tax benefits of a proprietorship or  
               business partnership. The company has a legal existence  
               distinct from its members, and provides members with  
               limited legal liability to the same extent enjoyed by  
               shareholders of a traditional corporation, but allows the  
               members to actively participate in the management and  
               control of the company. 
             

             California first recognized the LLC form with the enactment of  
            the Beverley-Killea Limited Liability Company Act in 1994.  
            Prior to that, business entities could form as so-called "S  
            Corporations" to obtain limited liability while avoiding the  
            tax consequences of forming a corporation. The Beverley-Killea  
            Act provides that a company that renders "professional  
            services" cannot organize as an LLC unless a specific  
            provision of the Business & Professions Code (BPC) expressly  
            authorizes it to do so. 



            The Legislature has granted express authorization to certain  
            contractors, private cemetery operators, alarm companies, and  
            repossessors. This bill would add private investigators to the  
            list of licensed professional service companies that may form  
            an LLC. 




              4)   Previous Legislation  .




             a)   SB 1077 (Price) (Chapter 291, Statutes of 2012)  
               authorized an alarm company to be organized as an LLC,  
               required an alarm company LLC to maintain an insurance  
               liability policy of at least one million dollars  
               ($1,000,000), required BSIS approval to assign a license  
               between business entities, and authorized BSIS to cite and  
               fine alarm companies operating without a license. 








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             b)   SB 392 (Florez) (Chapter 698, Statutes of 2010)  
               authorized licensed contractors to organize as an LLC,  
               required an LLC to maintain an insurance liability policy  
               of at least one million dollars ($1,000,000), as specified,  
               and amended the Corporations Code to authorize an LLC to  
               render services pursuant to a license, certificate, or  
               registration under the BPC if the applicable provisions of  
               the BPC authorize a LLC to hold that license, certificate,  
               or registration. 

           Analysis Prepared by  :    Jennifer Swenson / APPR. / (916)  
          319-2081