BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 1613
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          ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
          AB 1613 (Stone)
          As Amended  May 7, 2014
          Majority vote 

           HUMAN SERVICES      5-0         APPROPRIATIONS      12-5        
           
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          |Ayes:|Stone, Ammiano, Ian       |Ayes:|Gatto, Bocanegra,         |
          |     |Calderon, Garcia, Hall    |     |Bradford,                 |
          |     |                          |     |Ian Calderon, Campos,     |
          |     |                          |     |Eggman, Gomez, Holden,    |
          |     |                          |     |Pan, Quirk,               |
          |     |                          |     |Ridley-Thomas, Weber      |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |     |                          |Nays:|Bigelow, Donnelly, Jones, |
          |     |                          |     |Linder, Wagner            |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
           SUMMARY  :  Establishes cost-effective thresholds for the  
          collection of the California Work Opportunity and Responsibility  
          to Kids (CalWORKs) overpayments.  Specifically,  this bill  :

          1)Prohibits a county from establishing an overpayment if the  
            amount of the overpayment is less than $125 or a higher  
            threshold established by the Department of Social Services  
            (DSS), as specified, or if the costs of collecting the  
            overpayment are expected to exceed the average amounts to be  
            recovered by the county.

          2)Authorizes DSS to establish a minimum cost-effectiveness  
            threshold for collecting CalWORKs overpayments that is greater  
            than $125 and requires counties to implement the new threshold  
            developed by DSS.

          3)Requires counties to collect overpayments for current CalWORKs  
            cases through a reduction in the assistance unit's future  
            grants based on the actual monthly aid payment and not the  
            maximum aid payment based on family size. 

          4)Clarifies that administrative actions cannot be commenced  
            against any person based on alleged unlawful or erroneous  
            application for or receipt of CalWORKs aid once the case  








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            record has been destroyed after the expiration of the  
            three-year retention period, as specified.

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Establishes under federal law the Temporary Assistance for  
            Needy Families (TANF) program to provide aid and  
            welfare-to-work services to eligible families and, in  
            California, provides that TANF funds for welfare-to-work  
            services are administered through the CalWORKs program.  (42  
            United States Code Section 601 et seq., Welfare and  
            Institutions Code (WIC) Section 11200 et seq.) 

          2)Establishes income, asset and real property limits used to  
            determine eligibility for the program, including net income  
            below the Maximum Aid Payment (MAP), based on family size and  
            county of residence, which is approximately 40% of the Federal  
            Poverty Level.  (WIC Sections 11450 and 11150 et seq.)

          3)Establishes a 48-month lifetime limit of CalWORKs benefits for  
            eligible adults, including 24 months during which a recipient  
            must meet federal work requirements in order to retain  
            eligibility.  (WIC Sections 11454 and 11322.85)

          4)Requires all individuals over 16 years of age, unless they are  
            otherwise exempt, to participate in welfare-to-work activities  
            as a condition of eligibility for CalWORKs.  (WIC Sections  
            11320.3 and 11322.6)

          5)Establishes the number of weekly hours of welfare-to-work  
            participation necessary to remain eligible for aid, as  
            specified.  (WIC Section 11322.8)

          6)Authorizes counties to reduce current and future CalWORKs  
            grant amounts due to prior overpayments, and requires grant  
            payments to be reduced by 5% of the MAP of the assistance unit  
            if the overpayment is due to county error and 10% for any  
            other reason.  (WIC Section 11004 (c))

          7)Requires a county to advise a CalWORKs recipient of the  
            proposed grant reduction and of his or her entitlement to a  
            state hearing on the propriety of the reduction prior to  
            effectuating any grant reduction.  (WIC Section 11004 (e))









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          8)Prohibits the recovery of overpayments to a former CalWORKs  
            recipient if the amount of the outstanding overpayment is less  
            than $35, and requires that reasonable cost-effective efforts  
            at collection be implemented if the amounts owed are $35 or  
            more.  Requires every effort to be made to collect the  
            overpayments regardless of the amount in cases involving  
            fraud.  (WIC Section 11004 (g))

          9)Provides that any applicant for or recipient of public social  
            services can request a state hearing, as specified, if he or  
            she is dissatisfied with any action of the county relating to  
            his or her application for or receipt of public social  
            services.  (WIC Section 10950)

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Assembly Appropriations  
          Committee:

          1)Minor General Fund (GF) revenue loss to DSS from the reduced  
            ability to collect overpayments, likely offset by efficiencies  
            gained through reduced workload associated with not pursuing  
            all overpayments. 

          2)One-time costs for changes to the Statewide Automated Welfare  
            System (SAWS). These costs should be minor and absorbable  
            within the existing SAWS Maintenance and Operations budget. 

          3)Potential GF savings to the extent there is corresponding  
            reduction in the requests for state hearings regarding  
            overpayments.

           COMMENTS  :  This bill seeks to improve administrative efficiency  
          with respect to the establishment and collection of CalWORKs  
          overpayments due to error while reducing undue hardship for  
          needy families receiving CalWORKs benefits.

          CalWORKs:  The CalWORKs program provides monthly income  
          assistance and employment-related services aimed at moving  
          children out of poverty and helping families meet basic needs.   
          Federal funding for CalWORKs comes from the TANF block grant.   
          CalWORKs cash aid and services are provided to low-income  
          families with children and needy caretaker relatives of children  
          in, or at risk of placement in, the foster care system, with the  
          goal of lifting children out of deep poverty.  According to  
          recent data from DSS, 554,292 families rely on CalWORKs,  








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          including over one million children.  Nearly 80% of the children  
          are under age 12 and 40% are under age five.

          The average monthly cash grant for a family of three on CalWORKs  
          (one parent and two children) is $463.  Average grants of $463  
          per month for a family of three means $15.43 per day, per  
          family, or $5.14 per family member, per day to meet basic needs,  
          including rent, clothing, utility bills, food, and anything else  
          a family needs to ensure children can be cared for at home and  
          safely remain with their families.  This average grant amount  
          puts the annual household income at $5,556 per year.  The  
          maximum monthly grant for a family with no other income is $663,  
          resulting in an annual household income of $7,956.  Federal  
          Poverty Guidelines show that 100% of poverty for a family of  
          three is much higher at $19,790 per year.  

          Overpayments:  Under current law, overpayments of CalWORKs aid  
          due to administrative errors made by a county agency are  
          required to be collected through a 5% reduction in MAP the  
          family could receive based on family size, for each month until  
          the full amount of the overpayment is recouped.  However, once  
          the overpayment has been established and the county begins  
          collection of the overpaid amount, the family's grant is no  
          longer augmented, and the reduction is based on an amount that  
          is often far greater than what the family receives.  This means,  
          for example, that a family of three receiving a grant of $463  
          per month that experiences an unnoticed overpayment of $100 over  
          a two-month period will experience a $33.15 grant reduction each  
          month until the $100 is recouped.  (Because the grant reduction  
          percentage is applied to the MAP, it is based on a $663 monthly  
          grant rather than the $463 monthly grant the family of three  
          actually receives.)  If the family chooses to contest the  
          overpayment through a state hearing, the county could spend  
          around $1,025 on the hearing, regardless of whether the  
          administrative law judge rules in favor of the county or rules  
          in favor of the recipient if, for example, overpayment recovery  
          would cause the family hardship.  

          Need for this bill:  California continues to experience high  
          levels of unemployment and corresponding high levels of poverty,  
          making the minimal benefits received through the CalWORKs  
          program more essential than ever as parents seek consistent,  
          gainful employment to avoid homelessness and hunger, and to  
          ensure stability for their children.  For former CalWORKs  








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          recipients, counties only seek to recover overpayments that  
          exceed $35, but there is no such statutory threshold for  
          currently-aided cases.  Furthermore, county administrative costs  
          around notifying a family of an overpayment, collecting the  
          overpayment through reducing future grants, and potentially  
          going to a state hearing if the overpayment is contested all  
          likely exceed the low threshold for former CalWORKs cases.  By  
          establishing a statutory threshold for the collection of  
          overpayments and requiring that counties not spend more to  
          recover the overpayment than the overpaid amount is actually  
          worth, this bill seeks to reduce further hardship for families  
          and ensure counties waste less money on hearings.

          In support for the bill, the Western Center on Law and Poverty  
          writes:

          "Forfeiting 5% of monthly income would be disappointing for any  
          family, but for a family living at 40% of the federal poverty  
          line, it is downright dangerous.   [This bill] recognizes the  
          significance of this hardship and our responsibility to the  
          wellbeing of these families and to ensure administrative  
          efficiencies in our program."
           
           There is no opposition on file.


           Analysis Prepared by  :    Myesha Jackson / HUM. S. / (916)  
          319-2089 


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