BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






           SENATE TRANSPORTATION & HOUSING COMMITTEE       BILL NO: ab 1646
          SENATOR MARK DESAULNIER, CHAIRMAN              AUTHOR:  frazier
                                                         VERSION: 5/8/14
          Analysis by:  Erin Riches                      FISCAL:  yes
          Hearing date:  June 17, 2014



          SUBJECT:

          Vehicles:  electronic wireless devices

          DESCRIPTION:

          This bill adds a test of the applicant's understanding of the  
          dangers of distracted driving to the driver's license exam and  
          increases the base fines for talking or texting on a cell phone  
          while driving.

          ANALYSIS:

          Existing law prohibits an individual from using an electronic  
          wireless device (e.g., a cell phone) to talk or text while  
          driving, unless the device is hands-free and is being used in  
          that manner.  A violation of this law is an infraction  
          punishable by a base fine of $20 for a first offense and $50 for  
          each subsequent offense.  Due to additional surcharges,  
          penalties, and assessments, a $20 base fine is equivalent to a  
          total of $213 and a $50 fine is equivalent to $336.

          Existing law prohibits an individual under 18 years of age from  
          using a cell phone to talk or text while driving, even if the  
          device is hands-free.  A violation of this law is an infraction  
          punishable by a base fine of $20 for a first offense and $50 for  
          each subsequent offense, for total fines of $213 and $336,  
          respectively.

          Existing law prohibits DMV from issuing a violation point for  
          talking or texting on a non-hands-free cell phone while driving  
          or for an individual under 18 using a cell phone while driving.   
           

          Existing law requires the exam for a Class C driver's license to  
          include a test of the applicant's knowledge and understanding of  
          traffic laws and signs.  An applicant must complete an  
          application, provide a thumbprint, have his or her picture  




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          taken, provide a social security number and verification of  
          birth date and legal presence, pass an eye exam, pass a written  
          traffic laws and signs test, pass a drive test, and pay an  
          application fee.  

           This bill  :

           Requires the driver's license exam to also include a test of  
            the applicant's understanding of the distractions and dangers  
            of handheld cellular phone use and text messaging while  
            operating a motor vehicle.  

           Requires DMV to assign a violation point for a second or  
            subsequent conviction for using a non-hands-free cell phone to  
            talk or text while driving or for an individual under 18 using  
            a cell phone while driving.
           Increases the base fine to $50 for a first offense and $100  
            for each subsequent offense, for total fines of $336 and $541,  
            respectively.

          COMMENTS:

           1.Purpose  .  The author states that every day, nine people are  
            killed and more than 1,000 people are injured in crashes where  
            distractions such as using a cell phone, texting, or eating  
            were reported as the cause.  In all of these cases, a driver  
            took his or her attention away from the task of driving and  
            put others in life-threatening situations.  The California  
            Office of Traffic Safety finds that cell phone use while  
            driving is now the leading cause of driver distraction-related  
            crashes in the state, and the California Highway Patrol writes  
            more than 12,000 cell-phone tickets every month.  The author  
            states that by strengthening fines and penalties, coupled with  
            testing drivers on the known risks of distracted driving, this  
            bill will help reduce the number of violations and accidents  
            caused by motorists engaging in distracted-driving activities.

           2.Violation points  .  DMV assigns violation points against an  
            individual's driver's license for certain traffic offenses to  
            identify a driver as a negligent operator.  Violation points  
            vary with the gravity of the offense; for example, a "fix-it"  
            ticket does not count for any violation points, a speeding  
            ticket counts for one violation point, and driving while under  
            the influence of alcohol or drugs counts for two violation  
            points.  DMV may suspend an individual's driver's license for  
            six months if he or she receives four points in one year, six  




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            points in two years, or eight points in three years.  An  
            individual may request a DMV hearing to avoid a license  
            suspension.  

           3.Distracted driving  .  A variety of constituencies have  
            conducted numerous distracted driving studies, focused on a  
            number of potential distractions.  Nearly all studies conclude  
            that, in most instances, it is very difficult to identify a  
            single factor that led to an adverse incident such as an  
            automobile accident.  Research tends to show that accidents  
            arise from an accumulation of factors, including distractions  
            from within and outside the vehicle, weather conditions, and  
            even the driver's own distracted thoughts.  Adding  
            distractions, such as dictating or listening to text messages,  
            can only increase the risk of negative outcomes.  The question  
            is not necessarily whether the use of electronic communication  
            causes accidents and other negative consequences, but how many  
            distractions are enough to create an environment potentially  
            too risky and dangerous for people travelling from one place  
            to another.  

           4.Attitudes toward distracted driving  .  The 2013 Traffic Culture  
            Safety Index, published in November 2013 by the AAA Foundation  
            for Public Safety, finds that a "do as I say, not as I do"  
            attitude continues to prevail when it comes to distracted  
            driving.  While nearly nine out of 10 (88 percent) of survey  
            respondents consider drivers talking on cell phones as a  
            somewhat or very serious threat to their personal safety, more  
            than two-thirds (67 percent) admit to talking on a phone while  
            driving in the past 30 days.  Moreover, more than one quarter  
            (28 percent) admit to doing this fairly often or regularly.   
            Similarly, more than one third (35 percent) admit to reading  
            text messages, or to typing or sending text messages (26  
            percent), while driving in the past 30 days.  More than half  
            of drivers surveyed oppose a law to ban all types of cell  
            phones (including hands-free) while driving.


                
            5.Previous legislation  .

                 AB 313 (Frazier) of 2013, which failed in the Assembly  
               Appropriations Committee, would have prohibited drivers  
               from using an electronic wireless communications device to  
               dictate, send, or listen to a text-based communication,  
               even if the device was specifically designed and configured  




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               to allow voice-operated and hands-free operation.    

                 SB 1310 (Simitian) of 2012, which was vetoed by Governor  
               Brown, would have increased the penalties related to using  
               a wireless communications device while operating a vehicle  
               and would have added the dangers of talking or texting  
               while driving to the list of items DMV must include in the  
               driver's license exam.  In his veto message, the governor  
               stated that he believes the current fines and penalties for  
               using a cell phone while driving are a sufficient  
               deterrent.

                 SB 28 (Simitian) of 2011, which was vetoed by Governor  
               Brown, would have increased the penalties related to using  
               a wireless communications device while operating a vehicle,  
               prohibited bicyclists from using a handheld communications  
               device while riding a bicycle, established an education  
               program regarding the dangers of talking or texting while  
               driving, and added the dangers of talking or texting while  
               driving to the list of items DMV must include in the  
               driver's license exam.  In his veto message, the governor  
               stated that while he supports efforts to discourage cell  
               phone use while driving, he does not support increasing the  
               penalties for doing so.

          Assembly Votes:

               Floor:    68-9
               Appr: 16-1
               Trans:    13-1

          POSITIONS:  (Communicated to the committee before noon on  
          Wednesday,                                             June 11,  
          2014.)

               SUPPORT:  Association for Los Angeles Deputy Sheriffs
                         California Association of Highway Patrolmen
                         California State Firefighters' Association
                         California State Sheriffs' Association
                         County Health Executives of California
                         Independent Insurance Agents and Brokers of  
          California
                         Liberty Mutual Insurance Group
                         Los Angeles Police Protective League
                         Riverside Sheriffs' Association
                         State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Company




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                         Transportation Authority of Marin

               OPPOSED:  Safer Streets L.A.