BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �




                                                                  AB 1658
                                                                  Page A

          ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
          AB 1658 (Jones-Sawyer, et al.)
          As Amended  May 23, 2014
          Majority vote 

           HUMAN SERVICES      7-0         BANKING & FINANCE          11-0 
           
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          |Ayes:|Stone, Maienschein,       |Ayes:|Dickinson, Allen,         |
          |     |Ammiano,                  |     |Achadjian, Bonta, Chau,   |
          |     |Ian Calderon, Garcia,     |     |Gatto, Linder, Perea,     |
          |     |Grove, Hall               |     |Rodriguez, Weber,         |
          |     |                          |     |Williams                  |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |     |                          |     |                          |
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           APPROPRIATIONS      17-0                                        
           
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          |Ayes:|Gatto, Bigelow,           |     |                          |
          |     |Bocanegra, Bradford, Ian  |     |                          |
          |     |Calderon, Campos,         |     |                          |
          |     |Donnelly, Eggman, Gomez,  |     |                          |
          |     |Holden, Jones, Linder,    |     |                          |
          |     |Pan, Quirk,               |     |                          |
          |     |Ridley-Thomas, Wagner,    |     |                          |
          |     |Weber                     |     |                          |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |     |                          |     |                          |
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           SUMMARY  :  Requires a county child welfare agency (CWA) to  
          undertake a number of actions in regards to a child's consumer  
          credit record when the child is placed into foster care.   
          Specifically,  this bill  :   

          1)Requires a county CWA to notify the three major credit  
            reporting agencies (CRA) when a child between the ages of ten  
            and 15 is placed into foster care.

          2)Requires a CRA to notify the county CWA if the child has an  
            active consumer credit report.

          3)Commencing July 1, 2015, requires the county CWA to request  
            the three major CRAs to place a security freeze on the child's  









                                                                  AB 1658
                                                                  Page B

            consumer credit report if the child is found to have an active  
            consumer credit report. 

          4)Commencing July 1, 2015, if the child does not have an active  
            consumer credit report, requires the CRA, upon request of the  
            county CWA, to prohibit the child's information from used to  
            create a consumer credit account. 

          5)If the child is found to have an active consumer credit  
            report, requires the county CWA to work with the Department of  
            Justice's Privacy Enforcement and Protection Unit to resolve  
            any credit irregularities or negative actions on the report. 

          6)Permits a child in foster care over the age of 16 to decline  
            having a security freeze placed on his or her consumer credit  
            report. 

          7)Requires a county CWA to ensure that a nonminor dependent who  
            is found to have an active consumer credit report receives  
            assistance with the placement of a freeze on his or her  
            report. 

          8)Requires the Department of Social Services (DSS), in  
            consultation with specified entities, to develop an all-county  
            letter that does the following:

             a)   Provide the circumstances under which a freeze of a  
               foster child's credit report is lifted, including when the  
               child exits, emancipates, or runs away from foster care,  
               and by whom the freeze can be lifted.

             b)   Provide instruction as to how a county CWA shall notify  
               the three major CRAs that a foster child can reacquire the  
               ability to develop credit.

             c)   Identify required processes and best practices in the  
               identification and resolution of credit irregularities or  
               negative actions on a foster child's credit report,  
               including, but not limited to, entering the information  
               into the foster child's case plan and notification of the  
               juvenile court, child's counsel, and other adults  
               responsible for the child's care, as necessary.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Assembly Appropriations  









                                                                  AB 1658
                                                                  Page C

          Committee:

          On-going administrative costs to DSS in the range $750,000  
          (General Fund) to handle cases.  (Case load affected is  
          approximately 10,000 in 2014-15.  DSS indicates it takes social  
          workers about one hour to check/freeze an account.)  

          On-going costs to DSS in the range of $50,000 associated with  
          unfreezing credit accounts ($30 per child fee plus social worker  
          time, assuming approximately 5% are frozen).  

           COMMENTS :

          Foster youth and identity theft:  Identity theft is a growing  
          crime that is typically not discovered until after the person  
          whose identity is stolen discovers that fraudulent or criminal  
          activity has been conducted in using their name and personal and  
          financial information.  Identity theft is more common among  
          children and even more common among children in foster care.  A  
          2011 study conducted by Carnegie Mellon University found that  
          children are far more likely to be targeted for identity theft  
          for their unused social security numbers.  Specifically, the  
          report found that of 42,232 children polled, over 10%, or 4,311  
          of them, were found to have had their identity stolen.  When  
          compared to the rate of identity theft among adults, children in  
          this study were 51% more likely to experience identity theft.<1>  
           Further exacerbating this finding is the fact that parents and  
          children often do not find out the youth is a victim of identity  
          theft until he or she applies for a job, opens a financial  
          account, or is notified by law enforcement that his or her  
          personal information has been stolen.  

          However, children in foster care who rely upon the state's child  
          welfare system (CWS) to provide for their health and safety are  
          at an even greater risk than their peers to become victims of  
          identity theft.  In 2011, the California Office of Privacy  
          Protection, now known as the Department of Justice's Privacy  
          Enforcement and Protection Unit, released a report of a  
          year-long pilot project in Los Angeles County.  The pilot  
          project conducted credit checks on 2,110 foster youth between  
          ---------------------------
          <1> Child Identity Theft: New Evidence Indicates Identity  
          Thieves are Targeting Children for Unused Social Security  
          Numbers. Richard Power, Distinguished Fellow; Carnegie Mellon  
          CyLab. April 2011.








                                                                  AB 1658
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          the ages of 16 and 17 years of age.  It was discovered that 104  
          children were found to have had 247 financial accounts of  
          varying types; credit cards, bank accounts, utility accounts,  
          cellular phone and cable contracts, etc., opened in their name.   
          Several children were found to have auto loans and one was  
          identified as having a $217,000 mortgage listed in the child's  
          name.  Fortunately, the project also worked to resolve all 247  
          accounts and cleared the credit of all 104 children who  
          participated in the pilot. 

          Providing foster youth access to their consumer credit reports:   
          In California, the state has adopted several legislative  
          measures to help address the risks of identity theft among  
          children in foster care.  In 2006, the state adopted AB 2985  
          (Maze), Chapter 387, Statutes of 2006, which required CWAs to  
          obtain the consumer credit report for a youth in foster care  
          when he or she turns 16 years of age.  It also required a CWA to  
          provide assistance to a foster youth if his or her credit report  
          was found to have any inaccuracies or negative findings.  It was  
          later amended by AB 106 (Committee on Budget), Chapter 32,  
          Statutes of 2011, the human services budget trailer bill, which  
          clarified that, beginning July 1, 2013 CWAs were required to  
          request rather than obtain a foster youth's credit report when  
          he or she turns 16 years of age.  However, soon after AB 106 was  
          signed into law, it was preempted by the federal Child and  
          Family Services Improvement and Innovation (CFSII) Act of 2011.   
          The CFSII Act requires CWAs to annually request a consumer  
          credit report for a youth 16 years of age and older who is in  
          foster care.  Most recently, SB 521 (Liu), Chapter 847, Statutes  
          of 2012, was adopted by the state to bring California statute  
          into compliance with the CFSII Act. 

          In implementation of this requirement, DSS issued All County  
          Letter (ACL) Number 14-23, which describes the process by which  
          CWAs may request a foster youth's credit report and how they can  
          provide assistance in resolving any negative findings in the  
          report.  Specifically, DSS has reached an agreement with the  
          three major CRAs, Equifax, Experian, and TransUnion, to create  
          an electronic batch process for CWAs to access the credit  
          records of foster youth.  However, as of the issuance of the ACL  
          dated February 28, 2014, five counties have not opted into  
          accessing foster youth credit records through this process.  In  
          the case of counties that do not receive a batch file, they are  
          required to comply with separate request procedures imposed by  









                                                                  AB 1658
                                                                  Page E

          each of the three major CRAs.  In the case of Equifax and  
          TransUnion, CWAs are required to open an electronic account and  
          pay a $500 fee.  For Experian, CWAs must submit a formal letter  
          requesting the report, which must include a copy of the court's  
          dependency order with sensitive information redacted. 
           

          Analysis Prepared by  :    Chris Reefe / HUM. S. / (916) 319-2089 


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