BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 1661
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:  April 9, 2014

                       ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON LOCAL GOVERNMENT
                           K.H. "Katcho" Achadjian, Chair
                     AB 1661 (Bonta) - As Amended:  April 1, 2014
           
          SUBJECT  :  The Healthy Options for Everyone (HOPE) Act of 2014.

           SUMMARY  :  Allows a city or county to establish by ordinance a  
          Healthy Options for Everyone (HOPE) Incentive Zone within its  
          boundaries for the purpose of increasing the availability of  
          fresh fruits and vegetables, and other grown foods.   
          Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Establishes the Healthy Options for Everyone (HOPE) Act of  
            2014.

          2)Allows a city, county, or city and county, after a public  
            hearing, to establish by ordinance a HOPE Incentive Zone  
            within its boundaries for the purpose of increasing the  
            availability of fresh fruits and vegetables, and other grown  
            foods.

          3)Provides that a city or county shall analyze the following  
            factors within a geographic area when considering whether to  
            establish a HOPE Incentive Zone within that area:

             a)   Transportation;

             b)   Population density;

             c)   Income of population;

             d)   Whether the area qualifies as a "food desert" by the  
               United States Department of Agriculture;

             e)   Percentage of population that participates in food  
               assistance programs, including but not limited to, a free  
               school lunch program;

             f)   Percentage of population with dietary-related illnesses;  
               and,

             g)   Neglected real property.









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          4)Allows a city or county, after establishing a HOPE Incentive  
            Zone, to enact an ordinance to create incentives for small  
            businesses, farmers' markets, grocers, and other businesses  
            that provide fresh fruits and vegetables, and other grown  
            foods to conduct business within the zone.

          5)Allows a "qualified business," for purposes of the Personal  
            Income Tax Law and the Corporation Tax Law, to carryover a net  
            operating loss to each of the 25 taxable years following the  
            taxable year of the loss.

          6)Defines "qualified business" to mean any trade or business  
            that has primarily done business within a HOPE Incentive Zone,  
            as specified, during the taxable year.

          7)Finds and declares the following:

             a)   The HOPE Act of 2014 provides cities, counties, and  
               cities and counties with the ability to provide incentives  
               for businesses and individuals working with HOPE Incentive  
               Zones that can be tailored by local governments to fit  
               their area's unique needs.

             b)   These incentives are intended to reduce the tax burden  
               and costs of doing business within a HOPE Incentive Zone,  
               which in turn, will spur the creation of new business, or  
               the expansion of existing businesses, within the zone; and,

             c)   Incentives that will be available for individuals and  
               businesses working or doing business within a HOPE  
               Incentive Zone will include, but are not limited to, a  
               hiring tax credit, an expansion of the period for which a  
               net operating loss may be carried over, a tax credit for  
               low-income individuals employed within a zone, reductions  
               in electricity rates, assistance for developing sites  
               within a zone, and low-interest loans for the installation  
               and maintenance of electricity and water services.

           EXISTING LAW :

          1)Requires that each city and county in California must prepare  
            a comprehensive, long term general plan to guide its future.  

          2)Requires a general plan to include seven mandatory elements,  
            including a land use, circulation, housing, conservation, open  








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            space, noise, and safety.

          3)Allows the general plan to include other elements or address  
            any other subjects which, in the judgment of the legislative  
            body, relate to the physical development of the county or  
            city.

          4)Authorizes, until January 1, 2019, a county to establish, by  
            ordinance, an "Urban Agriculture Incentive Zone" (Zone) and  
            allows landowners to enter into voluntary contracts  
            restricting the use of the land to agricultural purposes in  
            exchange for reduced property tax assessments.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  This bill is keyed fiscal.

           COMMENTS  :   

           1)Purpose of this bill  .  This bill allows a city or county to  
            establish by ordinance a HOPE Incentive Zone within its  
            boundaries for the purpose of increasing the availability of  
            fresh fruits and vegetables, and other grown foods, and  
            specifies several tax incentives for individuals and  
            businesses that locate in a HOPE Zone. This bill is  
            author-sponsored.

           2)Author's statement  .  According to the author, "limited access  
            to healthy and fresh food has a negative impact on the health  
            outcomes of local communities. Areas with this lack of access  
            are known as food deserts and are typically found in  
            low-income communities, where the major food options include  
            fast food chains and corner stores stocked with processed  
            foods that are high in sugar and fat. Even when residents in  
            food deserts do manage to access supermarkets and similar  
            venues, many of those venues do not accept Electronic Benefit  
            Transfer (EBT) and Women, Infants, and Children (WIC)  
            vouchers."

           3)Previous legislation  . AB 551 (Ting), Chapter 406, Statutes of  
            2013, established the "Urban Agriculture Incentive Zones Act,"  
            which authorizes a city or county, after a public hearing, to  
            establish by ordinance a Zone within its boundaries for the  
            purpose of entering into voluntary enforceable contracts with  
            landowners for the use vacant, unimproved, or blighted lands  
            for small-scale production of agriculture crops and animal  
            husbandry.  After a county adopts the ordinance, it can enter  








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            into a contract with a landowner to enforceably restrict the  
            use of land, subject to the contract, to uses consistent with  
            urban agriculture. 

           4)Incentives .  This bill allows a city or county to enact an  
            ordinance to create incentives for small businesses, farmers'  
            markets, grocers, and other businesses that provide fresh  
            fruits and vegetables, and other grown foods to conduct  
            business within the Zone.  The bill also contains findings and  
            declarations about the types of incentives that will be  
            available for individuals and businesses working or doing  
            within a Zone including a hiring tax credit, an expansion of  
            the period for which a net operating loss may be carried over,  
            a tax credit for low-income individuals employed within a  
            zone, reductions in electricity rates, assistance for  
            developing sites within a zone, and low-interest loans for the  
            installation and maintenance of electricity and water  
            services.

            Right now, however, the bill only contains language that  
            allows for the expansion of the period for which a net  
            operating loss may be carried over.  The Committee may wish to  
            ask the author to discuss plans to expand the types of  
            incentives in the bill and consult stakeholder groups about  
            what types of incentives make the most sense.

           5)Arguments in support  .  Supporters argue that the bill  
            recognizes that increased availability and access to healthy  
            foods changes the food environment, helping to make the  
            healthy choice the easy choice.

           6)Arguments in opposition  .  None on file.

           7)Double-referral  .  This bill is double-referred to the Revenue  
            and Taxation Committee.

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION :   

           Support 
           
          American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees,  
          AFL-CIO
          California Food Policy Advocates

           Opposition 








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          None on file
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Debbie Michel / L. GOV. / (916)  
          319-3958