BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                            



           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                       AB 1665|
          |Office of Senate Floor Analyses   |                              |
          |1020 N Street, Suite 524          |                              |
          |(916) 651-1520         Fax: (916) |                              |
          |327-4478                          |                              |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
           
                                           
                                    THIRD READING


          Bill No:  AB 1665
          Author:   Jones (R), et al.
          Amended:  6/26/14 in Senate
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE BUSINESS, PROF. & ECON. DEVELOP. COMM.  :  8-0, 6/23/14
          AYES:  Lieu, Wyland, Berryhill, Corbett, Galgiani, Hernandez,  
            Hill, Torres
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Block

           SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  7-0, 8/4/14
          AYES:  De Le�n, Walters, Gaines, Hill, Lara, Padilla, Steinberg

           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  77-1, 5/28/14 - See last page for vote


           SUBJECT  :    Automotive repair

           SOURCE  :     California Tire Dealers Association
                      Les Schwab Tire Centers


           DIGEST  :    This bill deletes repairing tires and changing tires  
          from the list of repair services exempt from registration as an  
          automotive repair dealer (ARD) that repairs or changes tires  
          under the Bureau of Automotive Repair (BAR), and requires an ARD  
          to be capable of diagnosing and servicing tire pressure  
          monitoring systems (TPMS), as specified.

           ANALYSIS  :    

          Existing law:
                                                                CONTINUED





                                                                    AB 1665
                                                                     Page  
          2


          1.Registers and regulates more than 35,000 ARDs under the  
            Automotive Repair Act (Act) by BAR within the Department of  
            Consumer Affairs (DCA).  

          2.Defines certain terms in the Act, including:

             A.   "Automotive repair dealer" to mean a person who, for  
               compensation, engages in the business of repairing or  
               diagnosing malfunctions of motor vehicles.  

             B.   "Repair of motor vehicles" to mean maintenance of and  
               repairs to motor vehicles performed by an automotive repair  
               dealer including automotive body repair work, and excludes  
               from the definition (1) repairs made under a commercial  
               business agreement; (2) repairing tires and changing tires;  
               (3) lubricating vehicles; (4) installing light bulbs,  
               batteries, windshield wiper blades and other minor  
               accessories; (5) cleaning, adjusting and replacing spark  
               plugs, fan belts, oil and air filters; and (6) other minor  
               services customarily performed by gasoline service  
               stations.

             C.   "Automotive technician" to mean an employee of an  
               automotive dealer (or the dealer itself) who performs  
               maintenance, diagnostics, repair, removal or installation  
               of any integral component parts of an engine, driveline,  
               chassis or body of any vehicle and excludes from the  
               definition (1) repairing and changing tires; (2)  
               lubricating vehicles; (3) installing light bulbs,  
               batteries, windshield wiper blades and other minor  
               accessories; (4) cleaning, replacing fan belts, oil and air  
               filters; and (5) other minor services customarily performed  
               by gasoline service stations.

          1.Requires all work done by an ARD to be recorded on an itemized  
            invoice that describes all service work done and parts  
            supplied, and requires the invoice to contain specified  
            information.  

          2.Requires an ARD to provide a customer with an itemized written  
            estimate for parts and labor and to obtain authorization from  
            the customer before performing work or charging for any work  
            on the customer's vehicle. 

                                                                CONTINUED





                                                                    AB 1665
                                                                     Page  
          3


          3.Prohibits an ARD from charging a customer for work done or  
            parts supplied in excess of the written estimate without first  
            obtaining a customer's oral or written authorization.  

          4.Establishes the following fees for an ARD registration:  

             A.   Initial registration fee of not more than $200 for each  
               place of business.

             B.   Annual renewal fee of not more than $200 for each place  
               of business.

             C.   Delinquent renewal fee of 1-1/2 times the renewal fee,  
               but not more than the renewal fee plus $50.

          1.Makes it unlawful for a person to be an ARD unless registered  
            with BAR, and unless the registration is currently valid.   
            Makes any violation of the Act a misdemeanor (crime). 

          This bill:

          1.Removes the exemption for tire repair and tire changing from  
            the definitions of "repair of motor vehicles" and "automotive  
            technician."

          2.Exempts from the definitions of "repair of motor vehicles" and  
            "automotive technician," tire services provided by or on  
            behalf of either of the following:

             A.   A motor vehicle club holding a certificate of authority  
               under the Insurance Code.

             B.   A tow truck operator possessing a valid motor carrier  
               permit under the Vehicle Code.

          1.Defines TPMS as the automotive safety device that warns the  
            driver by using a lighted icon on the onboard diagnostic  
            system that one or more of the tires are underinflated.

          2.Revises and recasts a number of definitions in the Act and  
            makes clarifying, technical and conforming changes.  

          3.Requires an ARD that repairs or changes tires to be capable of  

                                                                CONTINUED





                                                                    AB 1665
                                                                     Page  
          4

            diagnosing and servicing the TPMS in accordance with industry  
            standards if a vehicle is manufactured with the device.

           Background
           
           TPMS  .  TPMS is a vehicle safety device and its proper  
          functioning is essential to the safe operation of a vehicle.   
          The repair and diagnosis of TPMS issues often requires  
          specialized equipment and adherence to specific diagnostic  
          procedures.  For this reason, BAR has determined, under its  
          existing authority to distinguish between exempt minor services  
          and major services requiring registration; that businesses that  
          work with TPMS need to be registered as an ARD.  A March 2013  
          Chief's Message, from the former BAR Chief John Wallauch,  
          states, "Tire stores that diagnose TPMS sensors must be  
          registered with [BAR].  Businesses benefit from this  
          registration because it establishes a level-playing field where  
          all tire stores that serve these warning devices are registered.  
           Consumers will benefit because they will receive a written  
          estimate and be protected by all other provisions in the [Act]."  
           

          This bill codifies BAR's position by making clear that tire  
          change and repair services are no longer exempt from BAR  
          oversight.  It also requires ARDs that service vehicles with  
          TPMS sensors must be capable of repairing and diagnosing TPMS in  
          accordance with industry protocols.
           
          Sunset review of BAR  .  Earlier this year, the Senate Business  
          Professions and Economic Development Committee and the Assembly  
          Business, Professions and Consumer Protection Committee  
          conducted joint oversight hearings to review BAR and eight other  
          regulatory entities.  As a part of that review, staff of the  
          Committees made recommendations which are reflected in the  
          Background Papers prepared for each agency and program reviewed  
          by the Committees.

          In its Sunset Report, BAR raised the issue of ancillary services  
          which have typically been regarded as exempt areas of practice  
          and therefore not subject to regulation and registration as an  
          ARD; such as replacing spark plugs, batteries and fan belts.   
          BAR indicates that because of advances in automotive technology  
          many of these services require more specialized repair skills  
          and necessitate the removal of automotive systems, engine  

                                                                CONTINUED





                                                                    AB 1665
                                                                     Page  
          5

          components, shrouds or other electrical equipment.  BAR  
          indicates that an ARD registration should be required for those  
          carrying out such complex repairs.

          One of the examples of repairs exempt from registration under  
          the Act, cited by BAR, is tire services.  Many modern vehicles  
          are equipped with tire pressure monitoring systems that may  
          require the technician to update the vehicle's on-board  
          diagnostic system when serviced.

          Discussions with repair industry representatives indicate that  
          the BAR recently determined that some tire dealers must register  
          as ARDs.  This determination has apparently been made because of  
          the definitions in BPC Section 9880.1 and the TREAD Act  
          [Transportation Recall Enhancement Accountability  
          Documentation].  The TREAD Act requires that beginning with the  
          2006 model year, every new vehicle of less than 10,000 pounds  
          gross vehicle weight rating must be equipped with a TPMS.  BAR  
          has determined that shops engaging in the repair, removal and  
          installation of TPMS must register as ARDs because the TREAD Act  
          mandated new vehicles be equipped with TPMS in response to  
          numerous deaths.  As a clear health and safety issue, the proper  
          functioning of such components is essential to the safe  
          operation of a vehicle.  BAR has further indicated that the  
          repair and diagnosis of TPMS often requires the use of  
          specialized equipment and adherence to specific diagnostic  
          procedures, which necessitates specific mechanical expertise.

          In its Sunset Report, BAR indicated that the definition of  
          repair of motor vehicles may need to be updated by regulation to  
          clarify what constitutes maintenance and repairs of motor  
          vehicles, given changes to automotive technology over time.

          In its response to the issues raised in the Committees'  
          Background Paper, BAR stated that spark plug replacement is a  
          prime example of these exemptions which might need to be  
          changed.  It is not uncommon for vehicles to have spark plugs  
          replaced if a specific diagnosis determines that replacement is  
          warranted or at scheduled intervals of 100,000 miles.  Vehicle  
          manufacturers have made spark plugs inaccessible without removal  
          of other major systems, even the removal of motor mounts, and in  
          a few cases, the entire engine, according to BAR.  Additionally,  
          these same services are not exempt from the consumer disclosure  
          and other protections of the Act if other automotive repair  

                                                                CONTINUED





                                                                    AB 1665
                                                                     Page  
          6

          services performed by the facility require registration with  
          BAR.

          Committee staff recommended that BAR provide input on this  
          issue, and asked whether BAR's regulatory authority is  
          sufficient in these areas.  In its reply, BAR did not make a  
          specific recommendation for legislation in this area.

           Comments
           
          The author states:  "On November 1, 2000, Congress enacted the  
          TREAD Act as a direct consequence of its hearings on the safety  
          and fatalities related to the Firestone tire situation at the  
          time.  It directed NHTSA [National Highway and Traffic Safety  
          Administration] to adopt regulations to update the Federal motor  
          vehicle safety standards and to require a system in new motor  
          vehicles that warns the operator when a tire is significantly  
          under inflated.  The warning telltale appears on the dashboard  
          screen as a red cross-section of a tire."

          The author further cites a 2011 NHTSA letter to the Tire  
          Industry Association, stating:  "In the case of a vehicle  
          equipped with a functioning TPMS system, a service provider  
          would violate the 'making inoperative' prohibition of 49 USC  
          30122(b) by installing new tires and wheels that do not have a  
          functioning TPMS system.  To avoid a 'make inoperative'  
          violation, the service provider would need to decline to install  
          the new tires and rims, use the TPMS sensors from the original  
          wheels (if they are compatible), or convince the motorist to  
          purchase new TPMS sensors and ensure the sensors are properly  
          integrated with the vehicle's TPMS system."

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  Yes    
          Local:  Yes

          According to the Senate Appropriations Committee:

           Annual license revenue gains of approximately $560,000  
            (Vehicle Inspection and Repair Fund), assuming an estimated  
            2,800 tire shops would be licensed as automotive repair  
            dealers under BAR's regulatory jurisdiction.

           According to BAR, any additional costs to process new  
            applications, investigate more complaints, and conduct  

                                                                CONTINUED





                                                                    AB 1665
                                                                     Page  
          7

            enforcement activities would be covered by new license fee  
            revenues. 

           BAR indicates that one-time workload related to processing  
            applications would be accomplished through short-term  
            redirection of existing staff.

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  8/6/14)

          California Tire Dealers Association (co-source) 
          Les Schwab Tire Centers (co-source) 
          California New Car Dealers Association 

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    In sponsoring this bill, Les Schwab  
          Tire Centers states that properly maintained tire pressure is  
          the single most important factor of tire safety, and that this  
          bill brings the entire tire service and repair industry in  
          compliance with the current federal and industry standards for  
          the activation, calibration, maintenance and replacement of the  
          TPMS embedded in all cars and light weight truck sold in  
          California and the USA since 2007.  They state:  "Properly  
          inflated tires are not only safer but they also deliver improved  
          fuel economy that in turn results in improved environmental  
          quality.  It has been estimated that the annual fuel savings in  
          California would be in the hundreds of millions of gallons.   
          Finally, the bill would additionally remove the Automotive  
          Repair Act's 42-year-old exemption for tire sales only stores.   
          This would [provide] a significant consumer protection  
          advancement.  Placing these long-time exempt businesses under  
          the jurisdiction of the Bureau of Automotive Repair would  
          finally require them to give written estimates, meet both the  
          minimum industry requirements for conducting tire repairs and  
          the federal and industry standards for servicing the TPMSs."

          Also sponsoring the bill, the California Tire Dealers  
          Association (CTDA), states that this bill reflects current  
          federal and industry standards by requiring tire dealers and  
          service providers to be able to activate and calibrate TPMSs.   
          CTDA indicates three reasons it supports this bill:  (1) the  
          bill requires all shops that sell, repair, or change tires (and  
          which must install and calibrate TPMS) to register with BAR; (2)  
          properly installed and maintained TPMS increases safety for  
          occupants in all vehicles that have them; and (3) properly  
          inflated tires, the reason for TPMS, improve a vehicle's fuel  

                                                                CONTINUED





                                                                    AB 1665
                                                                     Page  
          8

          economy and benefit the environment.

          California New Car Dealers Association (CNCDA) states there is  
          widespread potential for fraud among "tire sales only" shops who  
          prey on customers by quoting one price for replacing tires, but  
          charging an inflated amount after the tires have been installed.  
           By requiring "tire sales only" shops to register with BAR, this  
          bill requires these shops to provide customers with written  
          estimates for parts and labor before any work is done to their  
          vehicle and prohibit additional charges from accruing without  
          the customer's prior authorization, according to CNCDA.  CNCDA  
          believes this bill levels the playing field for dealers, creates  
          a fairer business environment, and protects consumers. 

           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  77-1, 5/28/14
          AYES: Achadjian, Alejo, Allen, Ammiano, Bigelow, Bloom,  
            Bocanegra, Bonilla, Bonta, Bradford, Brown, Buchanan, Ian  
            Calderon, Campos, Chau, Ch�vez, Chesbro, Conway, Cooley,  
            Dababneh, Daly, Dickinson, Eggman, Fong, Fox, Frazier, Beth  
            Gaines, Garcia, Gatto, Gomez, Gonzalez, Gordon, Gorell, Gray,  
            Grove, Hagman, Hall, Harkey, Roger Hern�ndez, Holden, Jones,  
            Jones-Sawyer, Levine, Linder, Logue, Lowenthal, Maienschein,  
            Mansoor, Medina, Melendez, Mullin, Muratsuchi, Nazarian,  
            Nestande, Olsen, Pan, Patterson, Perea, John A. P�rez, V.  
            Manuel P�rez, Quirk, Quirk-Silva, Rendon, Ridley-Thomas,  
            Rodriguez, Salas, Skinner, Stone, Ting, Wagner, Waldron,  
            Weber, Wieckowski, Wilk, Williams, Yamada, Atkins
          NOES: Dahle
          NO VOTE RECORDED: Donnelly, Vacancy


          MW:nl  8/6/14   Senate Floor Analyses 

                           SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

                                   ****  END  ****









                                                                CONTINUED