BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                            



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                                    THIRD READING


          Bill No:  AB 1667
          Author:   Williams (D)
          Amended:  8/6/14 in Senate
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE HEALTH COMMITTEE  :  8-0, 6/18/14
          AYES:  Hernandez, Morrell, Beall, DeSaulnier, Evans, Monning,  
            Nielsen, Wolk
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  De Le�n

           SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  7-0, 8/4/14
          AYES:  De Le�n, Walters, Gaines, Hill, Lara, Padilla, Steinberg

           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  76-1, 5/28/14 - See last page for vote


           SUBJECT  :    Tuberculosis testing in schools

           SOURCE  :     Health Officers Association of California


           DIGEST  :    This bill replaces current mandatory tuberculosis  
          (TB) testing for school employees and volunteers with a TB risk  
          assessment administered by a health care provider.

           ANALYSIS  :    

          Existing law:

          1. Prohibits a person from being initially employed, or put  
             under contract with a school district in a certified or  
             classified position, unless they have had a TB test within  
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             the past 60 days to determine if he/she has TB.

          2. Requires the TB test to consist of an approved intradermal TB  
             test or any other test for TB that is recommended by the  
             federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and  
             licensed by the federal Food and Drug Administration (FDA),  
             and requires if the test is positive, that the test be  
             followed by an X-ray of the lungs.

          3. Allows a district superintendent or the governing authority  
             of a private school to exempt a pregnant employee who tests  
             positive for TB from the requirement for an X-ray of the  
             lungs for up to 60 days following termination of the  
             pregnancy.

          4. Requires employees who test negative for TB to be tested at  
             least once every four years.

          5. Requires that once an employee has been documented as having  
             TB, the test is no longer required, and requires the employee  
             to be referred within 30 days to the local health officer to  
             determine the need for follow-up care.

          6. Requires employees, after the test, to file a certificate  
             from the physician showing the employee was examined and  
             found free from active TB.  

          7. Requires all volunteers in a school to have a certificate on  
             file showing that within the last four years the person  
             submitted to a TB test and was found free of communicable TB.  
              Allows the governing authority of a school to determine that  
             a TB test is not necessary if the volunteer does not have  
             frequent or prolonged contact with pupils.

          8. Allows the governing board of a school to pass a resolution,  
             after a hearing which finds that the health of pupils in the  
             district would not be jeopardized, allowing employees to file  
             an affidavit stating that they adhere to the faith or  
             teachings of any well-recognized religious sect that depends  
             upon prayer for healing and that to the best of their  
             knowledge, they are free of TB.  

          9. Allows employees transferring from one district to another or  
             from a public to a private school, to provide a certificate  

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             from the previous employer showing that they were examined  
             within the past four years and found to be free of  
             communicable TB.

          10.Requires all drivers, as a condition of contract with a  
             governing board or county superintendent of schools for  
             providing the transportation of pupils, to be examined for  
             and be found free of active TB.  Exempts private contracted  
             drivers from the TB test requirement who transport students  
             infrequently, not to exceed once a month.

          This bill:

          1. Replaces current mandatory TB testing for school employees  
             and volunteers with a TB risk assessment administered by a  
             health care provider.  Prohibits a person from being  
             initially employed or from being employed under contract by a  
             school district in a certified or classified position unless  
             the person has had a TB risk assessment within the past 60  
             days.  

          2. Specifies that if no risk factors are identified by a TB risk  
             assessment, an examination is not required.

          3. Requires, if TB risk factors are identified by a TB risk  
             assessment, those employees to be examined by a physician to  
             determine if they are free of infectious TB.  Permits a  
             person who is subject to these requirements to submit to an  
             examination that complies with #4) below instead of  
             submitting to a TB risk assessment. 

          4. Requires the examination to consist of either an approved  
             intradermal TB test or any other test for TB that is  
             recommended by the CDC and licensed by the FDA and requires,  
             if the test is positive that the test be followed by an X-ray  
             of the lungs.

          5. Requires employees who have no identified risk factors, or  
             who test negative, to undergo a TB risk assessment at least  
             once each four years.

          6. Specifies that once an employee has been documented as having  
             TB, the risk assessment is no longer required.


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          7. Requires employees, after a TB risk assessment and, if  
             necessary, an examination, to file with the district  
             superintendent, a certificate from the physician and surgeon,  
             physician assistant, or nurse practitioner showing the  
             employee was examined and found free from infectious TB.  

          8. Permits a governing board of a school district or the  
             governing authority of a private school, upon recommendation  
             of the local health officer, to require more extensive or  
             frequent physical exams.

          9. Makes the risk assessment and, if indicated, the TB test a  
             condition of employment and requires the cost to be borne by  
             the applicant.  Allows schools or districts to reimburse  
             applicants once they are hired.

          10.Requires existing employees to be reimbursed for the expense  
             of the TB assessment and test.

          11.Requires a volunteer in a school to have a certificate on  
             file showing that the person submitted to a TB risk  
             assessment, and if necessary, a TB test.  Allows a school  
             board to determine that a TB risk assessment is not necessary  
             if the volunteer does not have frequent or prolonged contact  
             with pupils.  Permits a person who is subject to these  
             requirements to take an examination that complies with #4)  
             above instead of submitting to a TB risk assessment. 

          12.Requires DPH, in consultation with the California  
             Tuberculosis Controllers Association (CTCA), to develop a  
             risk assessment questionnaire, to be used to conduct TB risk  
             assessments.  Requires the risk assessments questionnaire to  
             be administered by a health care provider which shall be  
             specified on the questionnaire.  Specifies that the risk  
             assessment questionnaire is exempt from the rulemaking  
             provisions of the Administrative Procedure Act.

          13.Requires all drivers, as a condition of contract with a  
             governing board or county superintendent of schools for  
             providing the transportation of pupils, to have a TB risk  
             assessment and, if indicated, the examination for TB within  
             60 days of initial hire and be found free of infectious TB.   
             Exempts, at the discretion of the governing board or county  
             superintendent of schools drivers from the TB assessment and  

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             test requirement who transport students infrequently without  
             prolonged contact with the pupils.

          Background
           

          According to the CDC, TB is a disease that is spread through the  
          air from one person to another.  There are two kinds of tests  
          that are used to determine if a person has been infected with TB  
          bacteria: the tuberculin skin test and TB blood tests.  A  
          positive TB skin test or TB blood test only tells that a person  
          has been infected with TB bacteria.  It does not tell whether  
          the person has latent TB infection or has progressed to TB  
          disease.  Other tests, such as a chest X-ray and a sample of  
          sputum, are needed to see whether the person has TB disease.   
          According to the CDC, TB tests are generally not needed for  
          people with a low risk of infection with TB bacteria.  Certain  
          people should be tested for TB bacteria because they are more  
          likely to get TB disease, including:


           People who have spent time with someone who has TB disease;


           People with HIV infection or another medical problem that  
            weakens the immune system;


           People who have symptoms of TB disease (fever, night sweats,  
            cough, and weight loss);


           People from a country where TB disease is common (most  
            countries in Latin America, the Caribbean, Africa, Asia,  
            Eastern Europe, and Russia);


           People who live or work somewhere in the United States where  
            TB disease is more common (homeless shelters, prison or jails,  
            or some nursing homes); and

           People who use illegal drugs.

           Prior legislation

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          AB 1323 (DeSaulnier, Chapter 24, Statutes 2007) expanded the  
          types of TB testing that may be used to screen for, or to  
          report, cases of active TB, to include the use of any test  
          recommended by the CDC and licensed by the FDA.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  Yes    
          Local:  Yes

          According to the Senate Appropriations Committee:

           Likely reduction in costs for school districts, by switching  
            from mandatory testing to a risk assessment.  Existing law,  
            school districts are authorized to reimburse applicants for  
            employment and are required to reimburse current employees for  
            the cost of being tested for tuberculosis.  A risk assessment  
            by a health care provider is likely to be less costly than a  
            test.  Therefore, to the extent that school districts are  
            currently reimbursing applicants and employees for those  
            costs, the costs to school districts are likely to be lower  
            under this bill.

           SUPPORT  :   (Per Senate Health Committee analysis of 6/9/14 --  
          unable to verify at time of writing)

          Health Officers Association of California (source)
          American Academy of Pediatrics
          American Lung Association in California
          California Academy of Family Physicians
          California Academy of Preventative Medicine
          California Medical Association
          California School Nurses Organization
          California Tuberculosis Controllers Association
          County Health Executives Association of California

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    The Health Officers Association of  
          California, the sponsor of this bill, writes that school  
          employees and volunteers are not considered high-risk  
          populations and replacing mandated universal testing of school  
          personnel with targeted screening will be more cost effective  
          while still protecting the state's teachers, volunteers, school  
          employees, and children from TB.  CTCA supports this bill and  
          references an American Academy of Family Physicians statement  
          noting, "Routine screening outside?high-risk groups dissipates  

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          resources and leads to high false-positive test rates."  The  
          California School Nurses Association supports this bill because  
          it has been demonstrated that school staff and volunteers are a  
          low risk population and thus the revised policy and protocol for  
          universal TB risk assessment and testing, if warranted, is more  
          efficacious and efficient.

           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  76-1, 5/28/14
          AYES: Achadjian, Alejo, Allen, Ammiano, Bigelow, Bloom,  
            Bocanegra, Bonilla, Bonta, Bradford, Brown, Buchanan, Ian  
            Calderon, Campos, Chau, Ch�vez, Chesbro, Conway, Cooley,  
            Dababneh, Dahle, Daly, Dickinson, Fong, Fox, Beth Gaines,  
            Garcia, Gatto, Gomez, Gonzalez, Gordon, Gorell, Gray, Grove,  
            Hagman, Hall, Harkey, Roger Hern�ndez, Holden, Jones,  
            Jones-Sawyer, Levine, Linder, Logue, Lowenthal, Maienschein,  
            Mansoor, Medina, Melendez, Mullin, Muratsuchi, Nazarian,  
            Nestande, Olsen, Pan, Patterson, Perea, John A. P�rez, V.  
            Manuel P�rez, Quirk, Quirk-Silva, Rendon, Ridley-Thomas,  
            Rodriguez, Salas, Skinner, Stone, Ting, Wagner, Waldron,  
            Weber, Wieckowski, Wilk, Williams, Yamada, Atkins
          NOES:  Eggman
          NO VOTE RECORDED: Donnelly, Frazier, Vacancy


          JL:d  8/6/14   Senate Floor Analyses 

                           SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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