BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 1667
                                                                  Page  1

          CONCURRENCE IN SENATE AMENDMENTS
          AB 1667 (Williams)
          As Amended  August 6, 2014
          Majority vote
           
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
          |ASSEMBLY:  |76-1 |(May 28, 2014)  |SENATE: |35-0 |(August 20,    |
          |           |     |                |        |     |2014)          |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
            
           Original Committee Reference:    HEALTH  

           SUMMARY  :  Replaces current mandatory tuberculosis (TB) testing  
          for school employees and volunteers with a TB risk assessment  
          administered by a health care provider.                           
                                                                            
                                                                            
                                   

           The Senate amendments  exempt the adoption of the risk assessment  
          questionnaire from regulatory adoption requirements under the  
          Administrative Procedure Act.

           AS PASSED BY THE ASSEMBLY  , this bill replaced current mandatory  
          TB testing for school employees and volunteers with a TB risk  
          assessment administered by a health care provider.  Requires,  
          upon initial employment, individuals under contract by a school  
          district in a certified or classified position to undergo a TB  
          risk assessment and for current employees who have no identified  
          risk factors or who test negative to undergo a TB risk  
          assessment at least once every four years.  Requires further  
          examinations for individuals identified with a TB risk factor,  
          as specified.  Clarifies that a governing board of a school  
          district or the governing authority of a private school may  
          require more extensive or frequent physical exams, and that the  
          cost of the TB risk assessment to employees be reimbursable, as  
          specified.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Senate Appropriations  
          Committee, there is a likely reduction in costs for school  
          districts, by switching from mandatory testing to a risk  
          assessment.  Under current law, school districts are authorized  
          to reimburse applicants for employment and are required to  
          reimburse current employees for the cost of being tested for  
          tuberculosis.  A risk assessment by a health care provider is  








                                                                  AB 1667
                                                                  Page  2

          likely to be less costly than a test.  Therefore, to the extent  
          that school districts are currently reimbursing applicants and  
          employees for those costs, the costs to school districts are  
          likely to be lower under the bill.

           COMMENTS  :  According to the author, the best public health and  
          medical evidence suggests that universal TB testing is neither  
          necessary nor cost-effective.  School employees and volunteers  
          are not considered high-risk populations.  The number of  
          certificated and classified staff TB cases is low, and universal  
          testing results in a number of false positives.  The author also  
          states that this can result in persons being unnecessarily  
          placed on potentially toxic treatment regimens.

          According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  
          (CDC), TB is a disease that is spread through the air from one  
          person to another.  There are two kinds of tests that are used  
          to determine if a person has been infected with TB bacteria:   
          the tuberculin skin test and TB blood tests.  A positive TB skin  
          test or TB blood test only tells that a person has been infected  
          with TB bacteria.  It does not tell whether the person has  
          latent TB infection or has progressed to TB disease.  Other  
          tests, such as a chest X-ray and a sample of sputum, are needed  
          to see whether the person has TB disease.  According to the CDC,  
          TB tests are generally not needed for people with a low risk of  
          infection with TB bacteria.  Certain people should be tested for  
          TB bacteria because they are more likely to get TB disease,  
          including:
          1)People who have spent time with someone who has TB disease;

          2)People with human immunodeficiency virus infection or another  
            medical problem that weakens the immune system;

          3)People who have symptoms of TB disease (fever, night sweats,  
            cough, and weight loss);

          4)People from a country where TB disease is common (most  
            countries in Latin America, the Caribbean, Africa, Asia,  
            Eastern Europe, and Russia);

          5)People who live or work somewhere in the United States where  
            TB disease is more common (homeless shelters, prison or jails,  
            or some nursing homes); and,

          6)People who use illegal drugs.








                                                                  AB 1667
                                                                  Page  3


          Currently five states (Florida, Texas, New Mexico, Nebraska, and  
          North Dakota) do not require teachers to be tested for TB.

          The Health Officers Association of California, the sponsor of  
          this bill, writes that school employees and volunteers are not  
          considered high-risk populations and replacing mandated  
          universal testing of school personnel with targeted screening  
          will be more cost effective while still protecting the state's  
          teachers, volunteers, school employees, and children from TB.   
          The California Tuberculosis Controllers Association supports the  
          bill and references an American Academy of Family Physicians  
          statement noting, "Routine screening outside?high-risk groups  
          dissipates resources and leads to high false-positive test  
          rates."  The California School Nurses Association supports this  
          bill because it has been demonstrated that school staff and  
          volunteers are a low risk population and thus the revised policy  
          and protocol for universal TB risk assessment and testing, if  
          warranted, is more efficacious and efficient.

          There is no opposition to this bill.
           

          Analysis Prepared by  :    Paula Villescaz / HEALTH / (916)  
          319-2097 


          FN: 0004450