BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



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          Date of Hearing:  April 8, 2014

                            ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON HEALTH
                                 Richard Pan, Chair
                    AB 1683 (Jones) - As Amended:  March 12, 2014
           
          SUBJECT  :  Ken Maddy California Cancer Registry. 

           SUMMARY  :  Requires the Department of Public Health (DPH) to  
          inform all patients diagnosed with, or being treated for cancer  
          that their case has been reported to the Ken Maddy California  
          Cancer Registry (CCR) within six months of their case being  
          reported.  Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Requires DPH to notify the patient of all of the following  
            information:
             a)   A description of the CCR;
             b)   An explanation of how DPH obtains all records that  
               identify cases of cancer and the type of information  
               collected by DPH;
             c)   The purposes for which the information obtained by DPH  
               is collected and intended to be used;
             d)   The authorization of DPH to release confidential patient  
               information to any person with a valid scientific interest,  
               other states cancer registries, federal cancer control  
               agencies, local health officers, or health researchers;
             e)   The discretion of a patient to refuse to participate in  
               any research study and to request that his or her contact  
               information be withheld; and,
             f)   The benefits of participating in cancer research. 

          2)Prohibits DPH from disclosing confidential information to any  
            person, other state registry, federal cancer control agency,  
            local health officer, or health researcher until DPH has  
            informed the patient their information has been reported to  
            the CCR.

          3)Specifies that a patient may refuse to participate in any  
            research study and may request that his or her contact  
            information be withheld from those persons or health  
            researchers who obtain the patient's confidential information.

          4)Allows the patient notifications to be sent by e-mail.

          5)Requires DPH to adopt any necessary regulations to implement  








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            this bill.

           EXISTING LAW  :  

          1)Requires DPH to conduct a program of epidemiological  
            assessments of the incidence of cancer in all areas of the  
            state for which data is available, including the monitoring of  
            cancers associated with suspected carcinogens.

          2)Allows DPH to enter into contracts to conduct the program and  
            requires the director to analyze available data, prepare  
            reports, and perform studies to identify cancer hazards to the  
            public health and their remedies.

          3)Requires DPH to establish a statewide system for the  
            collection of information determining the incidence of cancer,  
            using population-based cancer registries and to create a  
            statewide cancer reporting system.  Allows DPH to establish  
            regional cancer registries and to designate cancer as a  
            disease required to be reported in the state.

          4)Requires any hospital or other facility treating cancer  
            patients to report each case of cancer to DPH in a format  
            prescribed by DPH.

          5)Requires any physician, dentist, podiatrist, or other health  
            care practitioner diagnosing or providing treatment for cancer  
            to report each cancer case to DPH.  

          6)Requires all physicians, hospitals, outpatient clinics,  
            nursing homes and all other facilities, individuals, or  
            agencies providing diagnostic or treatment services to cancer  
            patients to give DPH access to all records that identify cases  
            of cancer, would establish characteristics of the cancer,  
            treatment of the cancer, or medical status of any identified  
            cancer patient.  Provides that willful failure to do so is  
            punishable by a fine of up to $500 each day access is refused.

          7)Requires DPH to use the information to determine the sources  
            of malignant cancer and evaluate measures designed to  
            eliminate, alleviate, or ameliorate its effect.

          8)Allows DPH to grant access to the information to persons with  
            a valid scientific interest who are engaged in demographic,  
            epidemiological, or other similar studies related to health,  








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            who meet certain qualifications and who agree, in writing, to  
            maintain confidentiality.

          9)Allows DPH to furnish confidential information to other  
            states' cancer registries, federal cancer control agencies,  
            local health officers, or health researchers for the purpose  
            of determining the sources of cancer and evaluating measures  
            designed to ameliorate its effect, provided the requesting  
            entity agrees, in writing, to maintain the confidentiality of  
            the information.

          10)Requires out of state researchers to obtain the approval of  
            their committee for the protection of human subjects and  
            provide documentation to DPH that they have established  
            procedures to maintain the confidentiality of the information.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  This bill has not been analyzed by a fiscal  
          committee.

           COMMENTS  :

           1)PURPOSE OF THIS BILL  .  The author states, "I know firsthand  
            that patients are not being informed about the CCR.  As a  
            cancer survivor myself, I found it very invasive that the CCR  
            had been given my personal information, including my name,  
            address telephone number, and social security number, along  
            with my medical records, without my knowledge.  Although I  
            have not been contacted by a researcher, I can imagine the  
            outrage and confusion some must feel upon learning their  
            personal information has been given to a government agency  
            without their knowledge, especially with recent privacy  
            concerns in the media.  I encourage cancer research.  I  
            believe that patients can be notified and have the option to  
            opt-out if they choose, without integrity of cancer research  
            being compromised.  Cancer patients have the right to know who  
            has access to their information, and we should grant them the  
            right to make appropriate decisions based on this."

           2)BACKGROUND  .  The CCR was created via legislation in 1985, and  
            was later named after state Senator Kenneth Maddy.  The CCR is  
            California's statewide population-based cancer surveillance  
            system.  The CCR collects information on almost all cancers  
            diagnosed in California.  The information is used to develop  
            strategies and policies for cancer prevention, treatment, and  
            control.  The availability of cancer data allows health  








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            researchers to analyze demographic and geographic factors that  
            affect cancer risk, early detection, and effective treatment  
            of cancer patients.  The data also help determine where early  
            detection, education, and other cancer-related programs should  
            be directed.  The CCR is recognized as one of the leading  
            cancer registries in the world, and has been the cornerstone  
            of a substantial amount of research on cancer in the  
            California population.  To date the CCR has collected detailed  
            information on over 3.4 million cases of cancer among  
            Californians diagnosed from 1988 forward, and more than  
            162,000 new cases are added annually.

            Reporting.  Medical treatment facilities collect and report  
            cancer data from their medical records.  Physicians report  
            information on cancer patients who are not referred to a  
            medical treatment facility.  A network of 10 reporting regions  
            receives the data and checks for accuracy, performs analyses,  
            and conducts studies specific to the local area. The central  
            registry in Sacramento collates the data, performs additional  
            quality control, and analyzes the data on a statewide basis.   
            All information collected by the CCR is considered  
            confidential. Researchers with a valid scientific interest who  
            are engaged in demographic, epidemiological, or other similar  
            health studies must meet qualifications established by DPH and  
            agree, in writing, to maintain confidentiality.  DPH may then  
            allow access to confidential information for research.

            Contacting patients.  According to the CCR manual, "Policies  
            and Procedures for Access to and Disclosure of Confidential  
            Data from the CCR," researchers conducting projects that  
            involve patient contact need to be sensitive to the physical  
            and emotional difficulties which patients may be experiencing.  
             In addition to confidentiality agreements, researchers  
            requesting disclosure of CCR data and who want to contact  
            patients must comply with the following requirements:
             a)   Multiple researchers should not contact cancer patients  
               within a short time of each other, especially during the  
               first year after diagnosis while undergoing therapy.   
               However, the CCR can only limit multiple patient contacts  
               by researchers using CCR data.  Patients may also have been  
               approached by researchers who received contact information  
               from another source;
             b)   No patient contact is allowed for six weeks after  
               diagnosis to give the appropriate attending physician time  
               to inform the patient of their diagnosis and possible  








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               treatment;
             c)   The first contact with a patient must be in writing.   
               Specifically, the investigator must send a contact letter  
               to the patient that explains how the patient's name was  
               obtained and why the CCR was created.  A copy of the CCR  
               brochure, Cancer Research in California should also be  
               included; and,
             d)   During the patient recruitment phase of a study, any  
               problems that arise with individual patients, for example  
               hostile refusals, must be promptly reported to DPH or the  
               regional registry.  Any patient who states that he/she does  
               not wish to be contacted again by any researcher must be  
               reported to DPH or the regional registry promptly in  
               writing.  This is then recorded in the regional and  
               statewide databases with a Do Not Contact flag.

           3)SUPPORT  .  The American Federation of State, County and  
            Municipal Employees, AFL-CIO supports this bill because it  
            would require DPH to better inform those receiving treatment  
            for cancer, DPH's authorization to release a patient's private  
            health care information to health researchers.  Though cancer  
            research is incredibly important, DPH should not have the  
            ability to overlook a patient's right to privacy without  
            adequately informing the patient and allowing him or her to  
            decide whether they mind having their private health care  
            information released to another party.

           4)OPPOSITION  .  The American Cancer Society Cancer Action Network  
            opposes this bill, writing that it is not an effective  
            solution for the concern about current notification practices  
            and that there is no evidence that a communication from  
            DPH/CCR would be heeded any better than when information is  
            provided by the physician.  They further argue that, in fact,  
            patient/physician contact provides greater opportunity for  
            communication in a culturally appropriate manner that accounts  
            for language barriers and is likely trusted more than contact  
            from a government agency would be.

           5)PREVIOUS LEGISLATION  .  AB 48 (Cedillo), Chapter 368, Statutes  
            of 2000, renames the CCR the Ken Maddy CCR, after the late  
            state Senator Kenneth Maddy, former Minority Leader of the  
            State Senate.  AB 136 (Connelly), Chapter 841, Statutes of  
            1985, established the CCR.

           6)SUGGESTED AMENDMENTS  .  Regulations promulgated by DPH require  








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            physicians to notify patients that their diagnosis is being  
            reported to the CCR.  Should this bill pass this Committee,  
            staff suggests amending the bill to require DPH to update  
            those regulations to delete that requirement because it will  
            duplicate what DPH will be required to do.
             
             As currently drafted the bill prohibits DPH/CCR from sharing  
            confidential information with any other state's cancer  
            registries, federal cancer control agencies, local health  
            officers, or health researchers until the department informs  
            the patient their information has been reported to the CCR.   
            Given that the bill has no mechanism to ensure that a patient  
            has received the notification from CCR, committee staff  
            suggests deleting this requirement.

            As currently drafted the bill allows a patient to refuse to  
            participate in any research study and to request that his or  
            her contact information be withheld from those persons or  
            health researchers who obtain the patient's confidential  
            information.  As noted in existing law above, there are  
            protocols in place to ensure that cancer patients are  
            contacted by researchers in a respectful manner, that all  
            information is held in strict confidentiality, and to allow  
            patients to refuse to participate in a study.  Given that one  
            of the primary goals of the CCR is to support research to find  
            the causes and cures of cancer, the Committee may want to  
            consider whether or not they want to allow patients to  
            prohibit their contact information from being shared with  
            researchers.  Committee staff suggests deleting this  
            requirement.

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :  

           Support  
          American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees,  
          AFL-CIO

           Opposition  
          American Cancer Society Cancer Action Network
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Lara Flynn / HEALTH / (916) 319-2097 












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