BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó




                   Senate Appropriations Committee Fiscal Summary
                            Senator Kevin de León, Chair


          AB 1771 (V.M. Pérez) - Telephone visits.
          
          Amended: June 24, 2014          Policy Vote: Health 7-1
          Urgency: No                     Mandate: Yes
          Hearing Date: August 11, 2014                           
          Consultant: Brendan McCarthy    
          
          This bill meets the criteria for referral to the Suspense File.
          
          
          Bill Summary: AB 1771 would mandate that health insurers and  
          health plans provide coverage for telephone visits provided by a  
          contracted physician or contracted non-physician health care  
          provider.

          Fiscal Impact: 
              Uncertain impact on health care premiums paid by CalPERS  
              (various funds). According to the California Health Benefits  
              Review Program, there is a great deal of uncertainty as to  
              the manner in which physicians would provide telephone  
              visits and the uptake of such services by patients.  
              Physicians may elect to use telephone visits to substitute  
              for in person visits with patients, for example when  
              discussing ongoing treatments. In such cases, the bill would  
              reduce overall health care costs, because health insurers  
              and health plans typically pay providers lower rates for  
              telephone visits. On the other hand, the ability to speak to  
              a physician or other health care provider may increase  
              utilization of services by patients. For example, a patient  
              that has questions about a medication might elect to use a  
              telephone visit rather than taking the time to make an  
              in-person appointment.

              Based on scenarios that make assumptions about the  
              willingness of patients to make use of telephone visits and  
              the extent to which such visits substitute for in-person  
              visits versus supplementing in-person visits, the California  
              Health Benefits Review Program found that overall health  
              care premium costs could decline or increase by tens of  
              millions in either direction. 

              Accordingly, the proportional impact on the health care  








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              premiums paid by CalPERS could either decrease or increase.  
              Under a low-uptake scenario and moderate assumptions about  
              substitution versus supplementation, CalPERS premium costs  
              could decline by as much as $200,000 per year or could  
              increase by up to $1 million per year. Under a high-uptake  
              scenario, CalPERS premium costs could decline by as much as  
              $1 million per year or could increase by up to $5 million  
              per year.

              One-time costs of about $110,000 over two years for review  
              of plan filings. Ongoing costs of $70,000 per year for  
              enforcement by the Department of Insurance (Insurance Fund).
              
              One-time costs of about $230,000 over two years to adopt  
              regulations and review plan filings. Ongoing costs of  
              $40,000 per year for enforcement by the Department of Manage  
              Health Care (Managed Care Fund).

          Background: Under current law, health insurers are regulated by  
          the Department of Insurance and health plans are regulated by  
          the Department of Managed Health Care.

          Under current law, health insurers and health plans are  
          prohibited from requiring an in-person visit between an enrollee  
          and an health care provider before paying for services that are  
          appropriately provided through telehealth. Similarly, current  
          law prohibits health insurers or health plans from limiting the  
          setting where services are provided through telehealth.  
          Alternatively, current law prohibits health insurers and health  
          plans from requiring the use of telehealth when the health care  
          provider determines that telehealth is not appropriate.

          Proposed Law: AB 1771 would mandate that health insurers and  
          health plans to provide coverage for telephone visits provided  
          by a contracted physician or contracted non-physician health  
          care provider.

          Specific provisions of the bill would:
              Beginning on January 1, 2016, require a health insurer or  
              health plan to cover telephone visits provided by a  
              contracted physician or non-physician health care provider;
              Prohibit a health insurer or health plan from requiring a  
              telephone visit when a health care provider determines it is  
              not appropriate;








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              Exclude patients in correctional facilities;
              Limit the required reimbursement for services when the  
              telephone visit is related to another service or procedure  
              provided to the patient, when the telephone visit leads to a  
              related services or visit; when the health care provider  
              receives a bundled or capitated payment; or when the  
              telephone visit is not initiated by the patient.

          Related Legislation: 
              AB 1917 (Gordon) would limit cost sharing for a 30-day  
              supply of a prescription drug to 1/12 of the annual  
              out-of-pocket maximum for a prescription that has a course  
              of treatment more than three months or 1/2 of the annual  
              out-of-pocket limit for a prescription with a course of  
              treatment of less than three months. That bill is on the  
              Senate Floor.
              AB 2418 (Bonilla) would require health plans and health  
              insurers with mandatory mail order filling of drug  
              prescriptions to allow enrollees to opt out of mandatory  
              mail order. The bill would allow enrollees to receive a  
              partial prescription refill, at a prorated share of cost, in  
              order to synchronize prescriptions. The bill would require  
              health plans and health insurers to provide coverage for the  
              early refill of covered ophthalmic products at 70 percent of  
              the predicted days of use. That bill is on this committee's  
              Suspense File.
              AB 2533 (Ammiano) would require a health plan or health  
              insurer to assist an enrollee in arranging for care from a  
              noncontracting provider when the enrollee is unable to  
              receive timely access to medically necessary care from a  
              contracting provider. That bill is on this committee's  
              Suspense File.

          Staff Comments: As noted above, there is significant uncertainty  
          as to how patients and physicians will make use of telephone  
          visits if health insurers and health plans are required to pay  
          for their coverage. The impact on health care premiums, overall,  
          was estimated by the California Health Benefits Review Program  
          to range from savings of $40 million per year to increase costs  
          of $50 million per year in the low-uptake scenario and savings  
          of $160 million to costs of $250 million in the high-uptake  
          scenario.

          Based on the available scientific literature, the California  








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          Health Benefits Review Program was unable to determine whether  
          increased access to telephone visits would have a significant  
          impact on public health

          The California Health Benefits Review Program does not  
          anticipate any increase in the rates paid by the state to  
          Medi-Cal managed care plans. This is because the California  
          Health Benefits Review Program assumes that Medi-Cal managed  
          care plans and their contracted physician groups already invest  
          in cost-effective health care technologies, and the rates paid  
          by the state reflect those investments.

          Because the bill does not expand essential health benefits, as  
          defined in the Affordable Care Act and mandated in state law,  
          the bill is not expected to result in costs to the state to  
          subsidize health care coverage through Covered California. 

          The only costs that may be incurred by a local agency under the  
          bill relate to crimes and infractions. Under the California  
          Constitution, such costs are not reimbursable by the state.