BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






                             SENATE COMMITTEE ON HEALTH
                          Senator Ed Hernandez, O.D., Chair

          BILL NO:       AB 1790
          AUTHOR:        Dickinson
          AMENDED:       June 11, 2014
          HEARING DATE:  June 25, 2014
          CONSULTANT:    Diaz

           SUBJECT  :  Foster children: mental health services.
           
          SUMMARY :  Requires the Department of Social Services to convene  
          a stakeholder group, as specified, to identify barriers to  
          mental health services by mental health professionals with  
          specified training. Requires the stakeholder group, on or before  
          September 30, 2015, to make specific, non-binding  
          recommendations to specified groups to address the identified  
          barriers. 

          Existing law:
          1.Establishes the Department of Social Services (DSS) to serve,  
            aid, and protect needy and vulnerable children and adults in  
            ways that strengthen and preserve families, encourage personal  
            responsibility, and foster independence.

          2.Requires a foster child whose adoption is final, who is  
            receiving or is eligible for Adoption Assistance Program  
            assistance, including Medi-Cal, and whose foster care court  
            supervision has been terminated, to be provided medically  
            necessary specialty mental health services by the local mental  
            health plan in the county of residence of his or her adoptive  
            parents.
          
          This bill:
          1.Requires DSS to convene a stakeholder group to identify  
            barriers to the provision of mental health services by mental  
            health professionals with specialized clinical training in  
            adoption or permanency issues to foster youth receiving  
            services from the Adoption Assistance Program. Requires the  
            stakeholder group to include at least all of the following  
            individuals:

                  a.        Adoptive parents;
                  b.        Former foster youth;
                  c.        Representatives from the mental health and  
                    child welfare fields, including an association  
                                                         Continued---



          AB 1790 | Page 2




                    representing county mental health departments;
                  d.        Representatives from mental health and social  
                    work graduate degree-granting postsecondary education  
                    institutions; and,
                  e.        Representatives from relevant state and local  
                    agencies.

          2.Requires the stakeholder group, on or before September 30,  
            2015, to make specific recommendations for voluntary measures  
            available to state and local government agencies and private  
            entities, as appropriate, to address those barriers. 

          3.Requires DSS to collect existing research and professional  
            literature pertinent to the need for specialized clinical  
            training in adoption and permanency issues. Requires DSS to  
            distribute the information to the stakeholder group and to  
            coordinate with, and endeavor not to duplicate, existing  
            local, state, or national initiatives.

          4.Prohibits any recommendation made to be construed to be  
            binding on any state or local government agency or private  
            entity.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Assembly Appropriations  
          Committee, minor staff costs, less than $100,000, to DSS to  
          convene a stakeholder panel.

           PRIOR VOTES  :  
          Assembly Health:    17- 1
          Assembly Appropriations:17- 0
          Assembly Floor:     78- 0
           
          COMMENTS  :  
           1.Author's statement.  According to the author, this bill  
            improves the stability of adoptive and guardianship families  
            by increasing the pool of adoption/permanency competent mental  
            health professionals. Without the support of clinicians with  
            specialized clinical adoption training and experience,  
            children adopted from foster care are at unnecessary risk for  
            disruption from their new families. The consequence is return  
            of children to foster care, suffering one more devastating  
            loss in a litany of preventable losses. Despite the increase  
            in the numbers of children in foster care achieving permanence  
            through adoption and guardianship, placement into a stable and  
            motivated family is not sufficient to compensate for  
            psychosocial problems related to prior trauma and chronic  




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          3


          

            maltreatment. Adoption and guardianship bring with them unique  
            issues, which if not understood by the clinician, can result  
            in ineffective or even damaging treatment. Because adoption  
            issues are not typically included in the education of  
            psychologists and marriage and family therapists, these issues  
            are given relatively limited attention in the training of  
            graduate-level social workers. Most clinicians are unaware of  
            the impact of the unique issues facing these families. Rather  
            than getting the help needed, many adoptive parents and  
            guardians are misunderstood or even blamed for a child's  
            problems, leaving the family in greater crisis.
            
          2.Background.  In May 2011 a coalition of child welfare  
            organizations participated in a Congressional hearing on the  
            need for post-adoption services and recommended policy  
            reforms. One of the recommendations to come out of that  
            hearing was to ensure that services offered to adoptive  
            families embrace best practices and are provided by  
            adoption-competent professionals. 

            An August 2013 document published by the Donaldson Adoption  
            Institute, "A Need to Know: Enhancing Adoption Competence  
            among Mental Health Professionals," states that issues related  
            to adoption can require counseling and other services from a  
            variety of professionals, including child welfare specialists,  
            mental health practitioners, physicians, educational advisors,  
            and teachers; however, adoptive parents and adopted  
            individuals (as children and adults), and birth relatives  
            often encounter barriers to obtain assistance. The document  
            cites a study in which 81 percent of 485 respondents reported  
            having worked with one or more mental health professionals. Of  
            those people, about 25 percent believed the professionals were  
            adoption-competent, while 26 percent thought none of the  
            professionals knew about adoption issues. Some respondents  
            reported experiences that damaged their families, citing a  
            lack of sensitivity or having knowledge of issues such as  
            attachment, trauma, loss, and the use of appropriate language.

            According to an article published on the Psychiatric News Web  
            site on May 24, 2014, American Psychiatric Association CEO and  
            Medical Director Saul Levin testified in Congress and stated  
            that children in foster care systems experience high rates of  
            mental illness and require a broad spectrum of mental health  
            services. According to the National Survey of Child and  
            Adolescent Well-Being, upwards of three-fourths of children  




          AB 1790 | Page 4




            entering foster care exhibit behavior or social competency  
            problems that warrant mental health care. Dr. Levin also  
            stated that the shortage of child and adolescent psychiatrists  
            is a major obstacle to the promotion of sound mental health  
            among youth in foster care.

          3.Support.  The sponsor and supporters argue that a large body  
            of research confirms the need for adoption competency in  
            mental health professionals accepting adoptive and guardian  
            families as clients. They further argue that children adopted  
            from foster care bring histories of trauma and loss into their  
            new families, and providing mental health services to these  
            families by professionals who do not have training and  
            experience in adoption competency can and has caused  
            unintentional harm.
          
           SUPPORT AND OPPOSITION  :
          Support:  Mission Focused Solutions (sponsor)
                    American Academy of Pediatrics, California
                    California Alliance of Child and Family Services
                    Children Now
                    One individual

          Oppose:   None received.




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