BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                            



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                                    THIRD READING


          Bill No:  AB 1791
          Author:   Maienschein (R), et al.
          Amended:  5/7/14 in Assembly
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE PUBLIC SAFETY COMMITTEE  :  7-0, 6/24/14
          AYES:  Hancock, Anderson, De Le�n, Knight, Liu, Mitchell,  
            Steinberg

           SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  Senate Rule 28.8

           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  75-0, 5/19/14 - See last page for vote


           SUBJECT  :    Prostitution: minors

           SOURCE  :     Conference of California Bar Association


           DIGEST  :    This bill provides that where a defendant is  
          convicted of prostitution in which the person solicited was a  
          minor, or in which the person who agreed to engage in or engaged  
          in an act of prostitution was a minor, the offense is punishable  
          by a misdemeanor jail term of up to one year, a fine of up to  
          $2,000, or both.

           ANALYSIS  :    

          Existing law:

           1. Provides that a minor cannot consent to a sexual act,  
             including sexual intercourse, oral copulation, sodomy, sexual  
                                                                CONTINUED





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             penetration with a foreign or unknown object, or lewd  
             conduct.


           2. Provides that sexual intercourse with a minor where no  
             aggravating elements are proved is the crime of "unlawful  
             sexual intercourse," punishable as follows:


                 Where the person having intercourse with the minor is no  
               more than three years older or younger than the minor, the  
               offense is a misdemeanor, with a maximum jail term of six  
               months.


                 Where the person is at least three years older than the  
               minor, the offense is an alternate felony-misdemeanor  
               (wobbler), with a maximum misdemeanor term of one year and  
               a felony jail term of 16 months, two or three years.

                 Where the person is at least 21 and the minor under 16  
               years of age, the offense is a wobbler, with a felony jail  
               term of two, three or four years.  


           1. Provides that in the absence of aggravating elements each  
             crime of sodomy, oral copulation or penetration with a  
             foreign or unknown object with a minor is punishable as  
             follows:


                 Where the defendant is over 21 and the minor under 16  
               years of age, the offense is a felony, with a prison term  
               of 16 months, two or three years.

                 In other cases sodomy with a minor is a wobbler, with a  
               felony prison term of 16 months, two or three years.  

           1. Provides that where each crime of sodomy, oral copulation or  
             penetration with a foreign or unknown object with a minor who  
             is under 14 and the perpetrator is more than 10 years older  
             than the minor, the offense is a felony, punishable by a  
             prison term of three, six or eight years.  








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           2. Provides that sexual intercourse is rape "[w]here a person  
             is incapable, because of a mental disorder or developmental  
             or physical disability, of giving legal consent, and this is  
             known or reasonably should be known to the perpetrator."  

           3. Provides that any person who engages in lewd conduct - any  
             sexually motivated touching or a defined sex act - with a  
             child under the age of 14 is guilty of a felony, punishable  
             by a prison term of three, six or eight years.  Where the  
             offense involves force or coercion, the prison term is five,  
             eight or 10 years.

           4. Provides that where any person who engages in lewd conduct  
             with a child who is 14 or 15 years old, and the person is at  
             least 10 years older than the child, the person is guilty of  
             an alternate felony-misdemeanor, punishable by a jail term of  
             up to one year, a fine of up to $1,000, or both, or by a  
             prison term of 16 months, two or three years and a fine of up  
             $10,000. 

          This bill provides that where a defendant is convicted of a  
          prostitution offense and the person the defendant solicited, or  
          who agreed to engage in an act of prostitution with the  
          defendant, is a minor, the misdemeanor offense is punishable by  
          a jail term of up to one year in the county jail, a fine of up  
          to $2,000, or both.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  Yes    
          Local:  Yes

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  8/5/14)

          Conference of California Bar Association (source)
          Alameda County District Attorney
          California Catholic Conference
          California Police Chiefs Association
          Concerned Women for America
          Crittenton
          The Child Abuse Prevention Center
          The Junior League of San Diego

           OPPOSITION  :    (Verified  8/5/14)

          California Attorneys for Criminal Justice







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          Taxpayers for Improving Public Safety

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    According to the author, "Increasing  
          the maximum sentence to 12 months for soliciting or engaging in  
          an act of prostitution with a minor will be making important  
          progress towards addressing the demand for young girls and boys  
          who are often victims of human trafficking.  As many may be  
          aware, human trafficking is a growing problem across the United  
          States, including right here in California.  The trafficking of  
          minors is appalling and must be addressed in any way possible to  
          positively affect all aspects of this terrible practice.  We  
          hope to provide a deterrent with this increased sentence that  
          may prevent some desire and demand for these young victims of  
          human trafficking and stop the often forced prostitution of our  
          vulnerable youth."

           ARGUMENTS IN OPPOSITION  :    California Attorneys for Criminal  
          Justice writes, "Current law severely punishes those who solicit  
          sex with a minor including possible lifetime sex offender  
          registration.  There is no evidence that indicates an increase  
          in the minimum or maximum fines will have an effect on the  
          decrease of the commission of these offenses.  In fact, there  
          isn't any proof that suggests that there has been a significant  
          increase in the commission of the offenses that require an  
          increase in the penalties for these offenses as provided by this  
          bill.

          "In addition, it is extremely concerning that the definition of  
          human trafficking continues to broaden, and offenses, such as  
          soliciting, are being lumped into this broad category.  A study  
          by the John Jay College of Criminal Justice shows that most  
          minors engaging in prostitution are doing so for survival  
          purposes to obtain enough money to pay for necessities.   
          Furthermore, it is often the case that these minors are  
          recruited by their peers, not pimps or human traffickers."  
           
           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  75-0, 5/19/14
          AYES:  Achadjian, Alejo, Allen, Ammiano, Bigelow, Bloom,  
            Bocanegra, Bonilla, Bonta, Bradford, Brown, Buchanan, Ian  
            Calderon, Campos, Chau, Ch�vez, Chesbro, Conway, Cooley,  
            Dababneh, Dahle, Daly, Dickinson, Donnelly, Eggman, Fong, Fox,  
            Frazier, Beth Gaines, Garcia, Gatto, Gomez, Gonzalez, Gordon,  
            Gorell, Gray, Grove, Hagman, Hall, Harkey, Roger Hern�ndez,  
            Holden, Jones, Jones-Sawyer, Levine, Linder, Logue, Lowenthal,  







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            Maienschein, Medina, Melendez, Mullin, Muratsuchi, Olsen, Pan,  
            Patterson, Perea, John A. P�rez, V. Manuel P�rez, Quirk-Silva,  
            Rendon, Ridley-Thomas, Rodriguez, Salas, Skinner, Stone, Ting,  
            Wagner, Waldron, Weber, Wieckowski, Wilk, Williams, Yamada,  
            Atkins
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Mansoor, Nazarian, Nestande, Quirk, Vacancy


          JG:d  8/6/14   Senate Floor Analyses 

                           SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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