BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �




                     SENATE GOVERNANCE & FINANCE COMMITTEE
                            Senator Lois Wolk, Chair
          

          BILL NO:  AB 1862                     HEARING:  6/25/14
          AUTHOR:  Melendez                     FISCAL:  Yes
          VERSION:  6/15/14                     TAX LEVY:  No
          CONSULTANT:  Weinberger               

                   VACANCIES ON COUNTY BOARDS OF SUPERVISORS
          

          Authorizes a county board of supervisors to fill a vacancy  
          on the board within 90 days after the date of the vacancy.


                           Background and Existing Law  

          A public office becomes vacant when an incumbent dies,  
          resigns, is removed from office, ceases to be an inhabitant  
          of the state, or is convicted of a felony, any offense  
          involving a violation of his or her duties, or other  
          specified crimes.

          The California Constitution allows a county to adopt a  
          voter-approved charter that specifies the manner of filling  
          all vacancies in county offices.

          When a county supervisor's office becomes vacant, state law  
          requires the Governor to appoint someone to fill the  
          vacancy until a successor is elected and qualified.

          Since 2011, Governor Brown has appointed 7 people to fill  
          vacant county supervisors' offices.  Three of those  
          offices, in Madera County, San Luis Obispo County, and  
          Tehama County, were vacant for more than 90 days.   
          Concerned about the effects of lengthy vacancies on county  
          governance, some county officials want to give allow a  
          board of supervisors to appoint an individual to fill a  
          board vacancy during the first 90 days after the seat  
          becomes vacant.


                                   Proposed Law  

          Assembly Bill 1862 allows a quorum of a county board of  
          supervisors, within 90 days after the date of a vacancy on  
          the board, to appoint an individual to fill the vacancy.   




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          AB 1862 requires the Governor to appoint an individual to  
          fill the vacancy if a quorum of the board of supervisors  
          does not appoint an individual within 90 days after the  
          date of the vacancy.



                               State Revenue Impact
           
          No estimate.


                                     Comments  

          1.   Purpose of the bill  .  A Governor's failure to act  
          quickly when filling a vacant county supervisor's seat can  
          impair the remaining supervisors' ability to conduct  
          business.  Because every county, except for San Francisco,  
          has only five supervisors, a lengthy vacancy can make it  
          difficult to get quorums at board meetings and can result  
          in 2-2 tie votes on important county measures.  Voters in a  
          supervisorial district that is represented by a vacant  
          supervisor's office are harmed when delays deny them a  
          voice in board decisions.  The author notes that a local  
          board's understanding of the community it serves makes it  
          more qualified to appoint an individual to a vacant seat,  
          whereas the Governor might have a more limited knowledge of  
          the community and could make an appointment that is not in  
          its best interest.  AB 1862 protects county government and  
          voters by giving a county the first chance to fill a vacant  
          supervisor's seat, allowing the Governor to appoint a  
          replacement only if a board of supervisors fails to fill a  
          vacancy within 90 days.

          2.   Home rule  .  Although AB 1862's proponents suggest that  
          the bill increases local control, state law already allows  
          each county, and the voters, complete control over the  
          manner in which board vacancies are filled.  The California  
          Constitution (Article XI, Section 4) specifies that a  
          county charter may provide for "The powers and duties of  
          governing bodies ? and for the manner of filling all  
          vacancies occurring therein." By adopting a county charter,  
          voters can empower their county supervisors, or the voters  
          themselves, to fill supervisorial vacancies.  They don't  
          need to wait for a Governor to act.  Most of the fourteen  
          county charters take advantage of this constitutional  





          AB 1862 -- 6/15/14 -- Page 3



          opportunity.  For example a board of supervisors seat in  
          Tehama County remained vacant for approximately 8 months  
          before Governor Brown appointed a new county supervisor in  
          April, 2013.  Two weeks ago, at the June 3 primary  
          election, Tehama County voters approved Measure C, which  
          amended the county charter to allow county supervisors to  
          fill a vacancy on their board.  It is unclear why it is  
          necessary to change state law when voters can already  
          decide for themselves how to fill a vacancy on a county's  
          board of supervisors.

          3.   Problem solved  ?  While AB 1862 may allow some vacancies  
          to be filled more quickly, under some circumstances, AB  
          1862 may actually lengthen the amount of time it takes to  
          fill vacant seats on county boards of supervisors.  A  
          vacancy on a five-member board can sometimes leave a 2-2  
          split among the remaining county supervisors representing  
          different local political coalitions.  In circumstances  
          where rival political factions see the vacant board seat as  
          representing a "swing vote" on the board, it is unlikely  
          that the board of supervisors will be able to fill the  
          vacancy by appointment.  As a result, under AB 1862's  
          provisions, the gubernatorial appointment process to fill  
          the seat would merely be delayed by 90 days, potentially  
          leading to longer vacancies.  

          4.   Gut and amend  .  As introduced and passed by the  
          Assembly, AB 1862 contained provisions relating to the  
          California National Guard Education Assistance Award  
          Program.  The Senate Governance & Finance Committee never  
          heard that version of the bill.  The June 15 amendments  
          deleted AB 1862's contents and inserted the current  
          language relating to vacancies on county boards of  
          supervisors.

          5.   Previous legislation  .  Assembly Bill 1671 (Jeffries,  
          2010) would have required a board of supervisors to act on  
          a board vacancy after a Governor failed to fill a vacancy  
          within 90 days.  Governor Schwarzenegger vetoed AB 1671.   
          His veto message noted that, "Current law already allows  
          counties the ability to adopt a charter by a countywide  
          vote that provides alternative procedures for filling a  
          vacancy on the board of supervisors.  If a county wishes to  
          change the manner in which a vacancy is filled, that is the  
          more appropriate manner in which to accomplish such a  
          change."  Assembly Bill 33 (Jeffries, 2011), which was  





          AB 1862 -- 6/15/14 -- Page 4



          similar to AB 1671, died in the Assembly Local Government  
          Committee.


                                 Assembly Actions  

          Not relevant to the June 15, 2014 version of the bill.


                         Support and Opposition  (6/19/14)

           Support  : Unknown.

           Opposition  :  Unknown.