BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



                                                                  AB 1896
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:   April 29, 2014

           ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY AND TOXIC MATERIALS
                                  Luis Alejo, Chair
                  AB 1896 (V.M. Perez) - As Amended:  April 7, 2014
           
          SUBJECT  :   Coachella Valley Water District:  nonpotable water  
          use.

           SUMMARY  :   Adds landscaped common areas of residential  
          developments maintained by a homeowner's association to those  
          entities within the Coachella Valley Water District (CVWD)  
          service area for which a person or local public agency is  
          prohibited from using potable water for nonpotable uses.   

          Specifically,  this bill  : 

          1)Adds landscaped common areas of residential developments  
            maintained by a homeowner's association to those entities  
            within the CVWD service area for which a person or local  
            public agency is prohibited from using potable water for  
            nonpotable uses, if the Board of Directors of the CVWD (Board)  
            determines that suitable nonpotable water is available. 

          2)Makes legislative findings regarding the overdraft status of  
            the Coachella Valley aquifer; stating that expanded nonpotable  
            water use for landscaping is a key part in a regional water  
            plan for the Coachella Valley; and, regarding existing  
            requirements on the Board to manage nonpotable and potable  
            domestic water.

          3)Adds, within the CVWD service area, landscaped common areas of  
            residential developments to the list of entities whose use of  
            potable water for notpotable uses is considered a waste and  
            unreasonable use of water within the meaning of Section 2 of  
            Article X of the California Constitution, if nonpotable water  
            is available, under specified conditions.  

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Provides that the right to use water does not extend to waste  
            or unreasonable use of the water. (CA Const., Article X,  
            Section 2)  

          2)Provides that the use of potable domestic water for nonpotable  







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            uses, including, but not limited to, cemeteries, golf courses,  
            parks, highway landscaped areas, and industrial and irrigation  
            uses, is a waste or an unreasonable use of the water within  
            the meaning of Section 2 of Article X of the California  
            Constitution if recycled water is available that meets  
            specified conditions, including quantity, quality, and cost,  
            as determined by the State Water Resources Control Board  
            (SWRCB).  (Water Code § 13550)  

          3)Provides that the use of potable domestic water for the  
            irrigation of residential landscaping is a waste or an  
            unreasonable use of water within the meaning of Section 2 of  
            Article X of the California Constitution if recycled water for  
            this use is available to the residents and meets specified  
            conditions, as determined by the SWRCB.  (Water Code §  
            13552.2)

          4)Authorizes any public agency, including a state agency, city,  
            county, city and county, district, or any other political  
            subdivision of the state, to require the use of recycled water  
            for irrigation of residential landscaping, if specified  
            requirements are met.  (Water Code § 13552.4)

          5)Provides that, within CVWD's service area, the use of potable  
            domestic water for nonpotable uses for cemeteries, parks,  
            highway landscaped areas, new industrial facilities, and golf  
            course irrigation is a waste and an unreasonable use of water  
            within the meaning of Section 2 of Article X of the California  
            Constitution if nonpotable water is available that meets  
            specified conditions, including quantity, quality, and cost,  
            as determined by the CVWD. (Water Code § 32601)

          6)Prohibits a person or local public agency from using water  
            within CVWD's service area from any source that is suitable  
            for potable domestic use for nonpotable uses for cemeteries,  
            parks, highway landscaped areas, new industrial facilities, or  
            golf course irrigation, if the Board determines that suitable  
            nonpotable water is available. (Water Code § 32602)

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   Unknown.

           COMMENTS :   

           Need for the bill  :  According to the author, "The Coachella  
          Valley aquifers are over-drafted and CVWD and other area water  







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          districts have aggressive and expanding replenishment programs  
          in place.  These programs have significantly reversed trend in  
          one of the aquifers but the best and most efficient approach is  
          to decrease the dependency and increase the efficiency of use of  
          groundwater domestic water.  The 2006 non-potable bill  
          identified five areas in which non-potable water could be  
          substituted for domestic quality groundwater:  cemeteries,  
          parks, highway landscaped areas, new industrial facilities, and  
          golf course irrigation.  The initial bill language would have  
          permitted the District board to expand this list after hearings  
          and public debate.  The Legislature decided nevertheless to  
          limit the bill to these five areas, requiring future  
          Legislatures to decide if an expansion into other areas would be  
          justifiable.  Since homeowner associations (HOA) are frequently  
          managers of private golf courses, it simply makes sense to  
          request the Legislature to expand the list to include common  
          landscaped areas managed by the homeowners associations to be  
          added to the mandate to use non-potable water when it is  
          available and after a public discussing in the Board for each  
          development is held.  Adding the common area landscaping at the  
          same time that the golf courses are switched to non-potable  
          water will be more efficient, less costly and will reduce  
          groundwater demand by as much as 40% more for each HOA  
          development added to the program."

           Groundwater in the Coachella Valley  :  According to the CVWD,  
          groundwater is the source of virtually all drinking water and  
          other domestic water in the Coachella Valley.  Potable water is  
          currently utilized for many nonpotable purposes, including  
          irrigation for golf courses and other outdoor landscaping.  CVWD  
          states that as a result, the Coachella Valley's  
          significantly-sized aquifer is in a state of overdraft.  As a  
          result, the CVWD, the sponsors of the bill, are seeking to limit  
          nonpotable uses of potable water, if there is suitable  
          nonpotable water available.   
           
           A waste or an unreasonable use of water  :  In California, the use  
          of potable domestic water for non-potable purposes is a waste or  
          unreasonable use within the meaning of the California  
          Constitution, Article X, Section 2, if nonpotable water is  
          available that meets specific conditions.  Those conditions  
          include that the nonpotable water is of adequate quality, is  
          furnished at a reasonable cost, meets public health  
          requirements, will not adversely affect downstream water rights,  
          and will not degrade the environment.  This means that if  







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          nonpotable water is available that meets the conditions  
          established in statute, and a water user instead uses potable  
          water for the uses limited by statute, the water rights  
          associated with the potable water are at risk of violating  
          Article X, Section 2 of the California Constitution.
           
          Current limitations on uses of potable domestic water  :  SB 1557  
          (Ducheny), Chapter 67, Statutes of 2006, prohibits a person or  
          local public agency from using, within the CVWD's service area,  
          water from any source that is suitable for potable domestic use  
          for specified nonpotable uses if the Board determines, after  
          notice and an opportunity for hearing, that suitable nonpotable  
          water is available, as specified, and other requirements are  
          met.  SB 1577 listed cemeteries, parks, highway landscaped  
          areas, new industrial facilities, and golf course irrigation as  
          entities prohibited from using potable water if nonpotable water  
          is available.  

          This bill seeks to add landscaped common areas of residential  
          developments maintained by a homeowner's association to those  
          entities within the CVWD service area for which a person or  
          local public agency is prohibited from using potable water for  
          nonpotable uses.

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION :   

           Support  :  
           
          Association of California Water Agencies
          City of Palm Desert
          Coachella Valley Water District
          Desert Valleys Builders Association

           Opposition  :  
           
          None received.
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Shannon McKinney / E.S. & T.M. / (916)  
          319-3965