BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �          1





                 SENATE ENERGY, UTILITIES AND COMMUNICATIONS COMMITTEE
                                  ALEX PADILLA, CHAIR
          

          AB 1953 -  Skinner                                Hearing Date:   
          June 23, 2014              A
          As Amended:         May 23, 2014             FISCAL       B

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                                       DESCRIPTION
           
           Current law  establishes the University of California (UC) as a  
          public trust, administered by the Regents and provides that  
          statutes related to UC are applicable only to the extent that the  
          UC Regents make such provisions applicable.

           Current law  confers upon the California State University (CSU)  
          Trustees the powers, duties, and functions with respect to the  
          management, administration, and control of the CSU system.

           Current law  requires the California Energy Commission (CEC) to  
          develop and administer a series of programs to provide  
          cost-effective energy efficiency and conservation contracts,  
          grants, and loans to eligible entities.  (Public Resources Code �  
          25410-25474)

           Current law  establishes the Clean Energy Job Creation Fund to  
          provide financial assistance to projects that create jobs in  
          California improving energy efficiency and expanding clean energy  
          generation.  Up to $550 million is available fiscal years 2013-14,  
          2014-15, 2015-16, 2016-17, and 2017-18 the source of which is  
          increased state corporate tax revenues.  (Proposition 39, Public  
          Resources Code � 26200 et seq.)

           This bill  establishes the Higher Education Energy Efficiency Act  
          and Fund and directs the CEC, in coordination with the UC  
          Chancellor and CSU President, to provide financial assistance to  
          eligible UC and CSU campuses for building retrofits that reduce  
          energy demand, which may include no-interest or low-interest  
          loans, and loan loss reserves.











           This bill  requires the CEC to ensure that adequate energy audit,  
          measurement, and verification procedures are employed to ensure  
          that energy savings occur as a result of the financial assistance.

           This bill  authorizes an eligible institution to submit an  
          application to CEC for financial assistance from the Fund and  
          requires the CEC, in consultation with the CSU Chancellor and the  
          UC President, to prioritize eligible financial assistance, taking  
          into consideration age of the facilities and any recent  
          modernization, proportion of students receiving Cal Grant awards,  
          the potential for demand reduction, and the campus's energy score.  
           

           This bill  requires each institution that receives financial  
          assistance to report to the CEC the amount of energy saved as a  
          result of implementing projects funded by the assistance and  
          requires the CEC to determine the total amount of energy savings  
          achieved.
                                       BACKGROUND
           
          Loading Order - The "loading order" guides the state's energy  
          policies and decisions according to the following order of  
          priority: (1) decreasing electricity demand by increasing energy  
          efficiency; (2) responding to energy demand by reducing energy  
          usage during peak hours; (3) meeting new energy generation needs  
          with renewable resources; and (4) meeting new energy generation  
          needs with clean fossil-fueled generation.  This policy has been  
          adopted by the energy agencies - the CEC and California Public  
          Utilities Commission (CPUC) - and its principles guide all energy  
          programs.

          Existing CEC Programs - The CEC has administered several grant  
          programs to fund energy efficiency retrofits.  The "ECCA" (Energy  
          Conservation Assistance Act of 1979) program was established more  
          than 30 years ago and is one of the oldest of California's many  
          programs designed to reduce statewide energy consumption through  
          energy efficiency measures.  The program makes low-interest loans  
          to cover up to 100 percent of a project with a maximum loan amount  
          of $3 million and maximum repayment term of 15 years. A loan  
          repayment amount cannot exceed the estimated energy savings from a  
          funded project. 

          In 2009 the CEC received $314.5 million for energy efficiency and  
          renewable energy programs as a result of the American Recovery and  
          Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA) and administered four programs:  









          the State Energy Program ($226 million), the Energy Efficiency  
          Conservation Block Grant Program ($49.6 million), Appliance Rebate  
          Program ($35.2 million), and Energy Assurance Planning ($3.6  
          million) with several subsets.

          Existing CPUC Programs - California's investor-owned utilities  
          (IOUs) administer energy efficiency programs with ratepayer funds  
          and approved by the CPUC.   Currently funded at about $1 billion  
          per year, they include a portfolio of financial incentives, loans,  
          and rebates for installing energy efficient appliances, lighting,  
          windows, HVAC systems, whole-house retrofits, and specialized  
          programs aimed at a variety of sectors. Each IOU has a "Statewide  
          and Institutional Partnerships" program to provide building  
          retrofit, commissioning, incentive, training, design advice and  
          other services with the UC, CSU and California Community Colleges,  
          among other government agencies.  According to the UC, the energy  
          efficiency projects implemented through the IOU partnerships have  
          been the main strategy utilized by campuses to meet the UC's  
          energy goals. In 2013 the UC received $18.2 million in incentives  
          from the partnerships to implement 150 projects, which are  
          projected to save approximately 54.2 million kilowatt-hours (kwh)  
          of electricity and 5.5 million therms of natural gas. So far the  
          partnerships have focused on "low-hanging fruit" but future  
          projects are expected to emphasize deeper energy efficiency  
          retrofits. 

          Proposition 39 - This ballot initiative was approved by voters at  
          the November, 2012 election.  Titled the California Clean Energy  
          Jobs Act of 2012, it requires most multistate businesses to  
          determine their California taxable income using a single sales  
          factor method. (Previously, state law allowed such businesses to  
          pick one of two different methods to determine the amount of  
          taxable income associated with California and taxable by the  
          state.) This change has the effect of increasing state corporate  
          tax revenue.

          For a five-year period (2013-14 through 2017-18), Proposition 39  
          requires that half of the annual revenue raised from the measure,  
          up to $550 million, be transferred to a new Clean Energy Job  
          Creation Fund to support projects intended to improve energy  
          efficiency and expand the use of alternative energy.  "Moneys in  
          the fund shall be available for appropriation for the purpose of  
          funding projects that create jobs in California improving energy  
          efficiency and expanding clean energy generation." Proposition 39  
          specifically requires that the funds maximize energy and job  









          benefits by supporting:

                 Energy efficiency retrofits and alternative energy  
               projects in public schools, colleges, universities, and other  
               public facilities;
                 Financial and technical assistance for energy retrofits;  
               and
                 Job training and workforce development programs related to  
               energy efficiency and alternative energy.

          Proposition 39 also requires that funded programs be coordinated  
          with the CEC and CPUC in order to avoid duplication and leverage  
          existing energy efficiency and alternative energy efforts. In  
          addition, Proposition 39 states that the funding is to be  
          appropriated only to agencies with established expertise in  
          managing energy projects and programs.  None of the funding is  
          currently allocated to the UC or CSU.

                                        COMMENTS
           
              1.   Author's Purpose  .  According to the author, the UC and CSU  
               currently are not eligible for existing CEC or CPUC revolving  
               loan programs, nor for any funding under Proposition 39.  
               After years of budget cuts, deferred maintenance, tuition  
               hikes and increasing fees, there is a need to reinvest in  
               higher education for long-term stability.  Since many UC and  
               CSU facilities were built in the 1960s and 1970s, before  
               California had building efficiency standards, one opportunity  
               to reduce economic cost from campus operations is through  
               advanced energy efficiency projects. This bill provides an  
               opportunity for California's higher education institutions to  
               lead the nation in novel energy projects and more efficient  
               buildings, operations, and maintenance.  Most importantly,  
               the financial savings from such measures would provide  
               flexibility to the universities to pay for other upgrades  
               that enhance the learning environment and improve education  
               for students.

              2.   Projects Ready to Go  .  Although this bill does not provide  
               funding for higher education energy efficiency projects, it  
               does establish a fund in the State Treasury and a process for  
               awarding financing to eligible UC and CSU institutions,  
               should funding become available.  With energy efficiency and  
               carbon reduction a high priority for both the Governor and  
               President, a new influx of state or federal funding for  









               energy efficiency is not unlikely at some point.  This bill  
               will help prioritize campus projects for financial assistance  
               and identify "shovel-ready" projects.  Federal funds that  
               come with expenditure deadlines present a challenge if  
               extensive time is required to plan and ramp up before getting  
               funds out the door, as was the case with ARRA funds for  
               energy efficiency. This bill will help ensure that projects  
               are ready to go as soon as funding is available.

              3.   Don't Reinvent the Wheel  .  This bill mirrors other energy  
               efficiency programs that provide loans and other financial  
               assistance to schools and other public entities, including  
               the CEC's ECCA program and the new Proposition 39 program for  
               K-12 and community colleges.  This bill states that the CEC,  
               "to the extent possible, shall utilize existing resources and  
               expertise in implementing this article."  The CEC also should  
               take advantage of the IOU college and university  
               partnerships, which are part of the CPUC-approved portfolios  
               to help campuses in their service territories make their  
               operations more energy-efficient. In addition, the UC, as  
               part of the UC President's initiative, has identified a  
               series of energy-related projects to achieve the goal to  
               bring the UC to carbon-neutrality in its operations by 2025.  
               CEC should build upon and not duplicate these efforts with  
               the program required by this bill. 

              4.   Calculating Energy Savings  .  This bill requires each  
               institution to submit to CEC an annual report of the amount  
               of energy saved from financed projects and to compute the  
               cost of energy saved "in a manner established by the  
               commission." This will help determine whether investments  
               from the Fund are cost-effective.  The bill also contemplates  
               that UC and CSU institutions will leverage this Higher  
               Education Act Energy Assistance Fund with incentives  
               available from federal, state, and local government, public  
               utilities and other sources. These other funding sources for  
               a single project typically would also have energy savings  
               reporting requirements.  For example, the CPUC requires a  
               cost-effectiveness calculation for IOU energy efficiency  
               projects. About $40 million of the $1 billion per year in  
               CPUC-approved energy efficiency programs is spent on  
               evaluation, measurement, and verification of claimed energy  
               savings.  Calculating energy savings is complicated,  
               expensive, and very difficult to prove conclusively because  
               of so many variables that affect energy use over the life of  









               an energy efficient investment. In order to avoid excessive  
               use of the funds for redundant or duplicative energy savings  
               calculations, the author and committee may wish to consider  
               amending the bill to allow an institution to report to CEC,  
               as an alternative, the energy savings calculation that may be  
               required for any other funding source for a project.

                                     ASSEMBLY VOTES
           
          Assembly Floor                     (72-3)
          Assembly Appropriations Committee  (16-0)
          Assembly Higher Education Committee                             
          (13-0)

                                        POSITIONS
           
           Sponsor:
           
          Author
           
          Support:
           
          American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees
          California State University
          Sierra Club California
          University of California

           Oppose:
           
          None of file

          Jacqueline Kinney 
          AB 1953 Analysis
          Hearing Date:  June 23, 2014