BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 2028
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          ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
          AB 2028 (Mullin)
          As Amended  April 28, 2014
          Majority vote 

           ELECTIONS           4-1                                         
           
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          |Ayes:|Bonta, Hall, Perea,       |     |                          |
          |     |Rodriguez                 |     |                          |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |Nays:|Donnelly                  |     |                          |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
           SUMMARY  :  Authorizes San Mateo County to participate in an  
          ongoing pilot project that allows certain elections to be  
          conducted entirely by mailed ballot.  Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Allows San Mateo County to join a pilot program currently  
            underway in Yolo County, under which Yolo County is permitted  
            to conduct all-mailed ballot elections on up to three  
            different dates through January 1, 2018, subject to certain  
            conditions and reporting requirements.

          2)Modifies one of the conditions of the pilot program such that  
            the number of ballot drop-off locations required to be  
            provided at an all-mailed ballot election is either one  
            location per city or one location per 100,000 residents,  
            whichever results in more drop-off locations, instead of one  
            location per city.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  None.  This bill is keyed non-fiscal by the  
          Legislative Counsel.

           COMMENTS  :  According to the author, "In recent years, the  
          percentage of California voters who cast mail-in ballots has  
          increased dramatically, and it is especially great in special  
          elections. Last year more than 80% of voters cast their ballots  
          by mail in some cases.  At the same time, these special  
          elections see abysmal turnout levels, at times dipping below 10%  
          of eligible voters.  Research from the University of California  
          San Diego indicates that when special elections are conducted by  
          mail, turnout levels increase by close to eight percentage  








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          points in California.  An increase of this magnitude could mean  
          nearly doubling turnout rates in some jurisdictions.  In  
          addition, the policy has the potential to save taxpayer dollars  
          because mail-ballot elections typically cost much less than  
          traditional polling place elections. 

          "In 2011 the legislature authorized a pilot project to  
          examine the effects of vote-by-mail elections on turnout  
          levels in special elections.  The project only applied to  
          one rural county, and it capped the number of mail-in  
          elections at three; it is set to expire in 2018? 

          "Because there are only two permissible all-mail special  
          election dates left under the pilot, the legislature should  
          expand the program to gather more data.  In doing so, an  
          urban county should be included to contrast the rural  
          county that is already part of the program.  San Mateo  
          County is a great candidate:  it is an urban county and, as  
          a charter county, it already conducts some special  
          elections by mail, so an all-mail infrastructure is already  
          in place.  By adding San Mateo County to the pilot, AB 2028  
          proposes a modest program expansion."

          Under state law, any voter can request a vote by mail (VBM)  
          ballot for any election, and any voter can become a permanent  
          VBM voter.  Permanent VBM voters automatically receive a ballot  
          in the mail for every election, without the need to re-apply for  
          a VBM ballot.  As such, any voter who prefers to vote by mail  
          has the ability to do so under existing law.

          Among the arguments that supporters of all-mailed ballot  
          elections frequently make in support of such elections is that  
          all-mailed ballot elections are more convenient for voters.   
          However, it is not clear whether this is the case.  Any voter  
          who finds it more convenient to vote by mail has the option to  
          do so under existing law, and voters who want to vote by mail at  
          every election can sign up for permanent VBM status.  Some  
          voters, due to physical disability or language issues, may  
          prefer to vote at the polls in order to take advantage of access  
          or help provided by electronic voting machines or bilingual poll  
          workers.

          In 2011, the Legislature approved and the Governor signed AB 413  
          (Yamada), Chapter 187, Statutes of 2011, which created a pilot  








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          program allowing Yolo County to conduct local elections on not  
          more than three dates as all-mailed ballot elections.  AB 413  
          was intended to serve as a pilot project to evaluate the  
          desirability of further expanding the circumstances under which  
          elections are permitted to be conducted as all-mailed ballot  
          elections.  Yolo County conducted all-mailed ballot elections  
          last March in the City of Davis and the Washington Unified  
          School District as permitted by AB 413, and submitted its report  
          on those elections last December.  The pilot project in Yolo  
          County was authorized following a prior pilot project in  
          Monterey County that failed to provide useful information about  
          the impacts of all-mailed ballot elections because the report  
          filed by Monterey County as part of the pilot project lacked  
          much of the information that was necessary to evaluate the  
          impacts of the pilot project. 

          The report prepared in connection with the first two elections  
          conducted in Yolo County under the pilot project found that  
          turnout at the all-mailed ballot elections conducted as part of  
          the pilot project was not significantly different than similar  
          polling place elections held in the two jurisdictions in prior  
          years.  The study also found that turnout rates broken down by  
          age, ethnic background, party preference, and permanent VBM  
          status was consistent and similar between the polling place and  
          the all-mailed ballot elections.  The study found that data  
          provided on the cost to conduct all-mailed ballot elections was  
          inconclusive in determining whether there are significant  
          savings to moving to all-mailed ballot elections.  However, the  
          study also cautioned that Davis-one of the jurisdictions in  
          which the pilot was conducted-"is a relatively affluent,  
          homogenous community with a higher level of educational  
          achievement than most other areas of the state" and so the  
          results "are not necessarily applicable to other, dissimilar  
          communities."  The report also noted that the effects of  
          all-mailed ballot elections on turnout would not necessarily be  
          similar in general elections.  

          Yolo County is permitted to conduct local elections as  
          all-mailed ballot elections on two additional dates before the  
          conclusion of the pilot project.

          Please see the policy committee analysis for a full discussion  
          of this bill.









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           Analysis Prepared by  :    Ethan Jones / E. & R. / (916) 319-2094 


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