BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 2039
                                                                  Page 1

          CONCURRENCE IN SENATE AMENDMENTS
          AB 2039 (Muratsuchi)
          As Amended August 21, 2014
          Majority vote 
           
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          |ASSEMBLY:  |74-0 |(May 5, 2014)   |SENATE: |34-0 |(August 26,    |
          |           |     |                |        |     |2014)          |
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           Original Committee Reference:    JUD.  

           SUMMARY  :  Regulates certain contracts regarding auction sales of  
          real property.  Specifically, this bill  : 

          1)Provides that notwithstanding Civil Code Section 1812.601 an  
            auction includes the sale of real property and an "auctioneer"  
            means any individual who is engaged in, or who by advertising  
            or otherwise holds himself or herself out as being available  
            to engage in, the calling for, the recognition of, and the  
            acceptance of, offers for the purchase of real property at an  
            auction.

          2)Specifies that a person shall not cause or allow a person to  
            bid at a sale for the sole purpose of increasing the bid on  
            any real property being sold by the auctioneer, including, but  
            not limited to, stating any increased bid greater than that  
            offered by the last highest bidder when, in fact, no person  
            has made an increased bid, except as specified.  However, an  
            auctioneer or another authorized person may place a bid on the  
            seller's behalf during an auction of real property, if both of  
            the following are true:

             a)   Notice is given to all auction participants, including  
               all other bidders, that liberty for that type of bidding is  
               reserved and that type of bid will not result in the sale  
               of the real property.

             b)   The person placing that type of bid contemporaneously  
               discloses to all auction participants, including all other  
               bidders, that the particular bid has been placed on behalf  
               of the seller.

          3)Provides that for the purpose of the conduct of online  
            auctions of real property, "notice" means a statement of the  








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            required information within the end user license agreement,  
            terms of service, or equivalent policy posted on, or provided  
            by, the operator of an Internet Web site, online service,  
            online application, or mobile application, and by  
            conspicuously posting the required information in any of the  
            following ways:

             a)   Upon the Internet Web page or its equivalent through  
               which a user directly interacts with the site, service, or  
               application during the online auction.

             b)   With an icon that hyperlinks to an Internet Web page or  
               its equivalent upon which the required information is  
               posted, if the icon is located on the Internet Web page or  
               its equivalent through which a user directly interacts with  
               the site, service, or application during the online  
               auction.  The icon shall use a color that contrasts with  
               the background color of the Internet Web page or is  
               otherwise readily distinguishable.

             c)   With a text link that hyperlinks to an Internet Web page  
               or its equivalent upon which the required information is  
               posted, if the text link is located on the Internet Web  
               page or its equivalent through which a user directly  
               interacts with the site, service, or application during the  
               online auction.  The text link shall be written in capital  
               letters that are in larger type than the surrounding text,  
               or shall be written in contrasting type, font, or color to  
               the surrounding text of the same size, or shall be set off  
               from the surrounding text of the same size by symbols or  
               other marks that call attention to the language.

             d)   With any other functional hyperlink or its equivalent  
               that is displayed on the site, service, or application  
               through which a user directly interacts with the site,  
               service, or application during the online auction so that a  
               reasonable person would notice it and understand it to  
               hyperlink to the required information.

          4)Provides that the foregoing shall not apply to a credit bid  
            made by a creditor holding a deed of trust, mortgage, or other  
            lien on the property that is the subject of auction when the  
            credit bid can result in the transfer of title to property to  
            the creditor.









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          5)Provides that the foregoing shall be operative on July 1,  
            2015.

          6)Provides that neither a lender nor an auction company retained  
            by a lender to control aspects of a transaction of real  
            property subject to this part, including validating the sales  
            price, may require the homeowner or listing agent to defend or  
            indemnify the lender or auction company from any liability  
            alleged to result from the actions of the lender or auction  
            company as a condition of receiving the lender's approval of  
            the transaction.  Any clause, provision, covenant or agreement  
            purporting to impose an obligation to defend or indemnify an  
            auction company or lender in violation of this subdivision is  
            against public policy, void, and unenforceable.

           The Senate amendments  :  

           1)Provide that an auction includes the sale of real property,  
            and an "auctioneer" means any individual who is engaged in or  
            who by advertising or otherwise holds himself or herself out  
            as being available to engage in, the calling for, the  
            recognition of, and the acceptance of, offers for the purchase  
            of real property at an auction.

          2)Provide that a person shall not cause or allow a person to bid  
            at a sale for the sole purpose of increasing the bid on any  
            real property being sold by the auctioneer, including, but not  
            limited to, stating any increased bid greater than that  
            offered by the last highest bidder when, in fact, no person  
            has made an increased bid.  However, an auctioneer or another  
            person may place a bid on the seller's behalf during an  
            auction of real property, provided prior notice has been given  
            that liberty for such bidding is reserved, and that the person  
            placing such a bid contemporaneously discloses to all auction  
            participants, including all other bidders, that the particular  
            bid has been placed on behalf of the seller.

          3)Further provide that for the purpose of the conduct of online  
            auctions of real property, "notice" means a statement of the  
            required information to be given as specified.

          4)Specify that the foregoing shall not apply to a credit bid  
            made by a creditor holding a deed of trust, mortgage, or other  
            lien on the property that is the subject of auction when the  
            credit bid can result in the transfer of title to property to  








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            the creditor.

          5)Delay implementation of the foregoing until July 1, 2015.
           
          FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Senate Appropriations  
          Committee, pursuant to Senate Rule 28.8, negligible state costs.

           COMMENTS  :  The author explains the reason for the bill as  
          follows:  

               This bill would change existing law to address a new  
               phenomenon where listing agents of short sales are  
               being required to accept liability over transactions  
               in which they have no control.  Under current law, the  
               lender retains complete control over the contract,  
               which can have a provision which requires the selling  
               agent to accept liability for auction company mistakes  
               and for any damages arising out of any action taken by  
               the auction company.  These provisions only exclude  
               cases of gross negligence, willful misconduct, bad  
               faith, an unlawful act or fraud. In other words, the  
               auction company is held harmless for mistakes it makes  
               in the regular course of business.  This policy may  
               lead to future lawsuits.  This bill? places the  
               responsibility for liability with the party whose  
               actions caused the liability.

          According to the sponsor, California Association of Realtors: 

               Understandably, lenders want to make sure the price  
               they are being offered in a short sale transaction  
               reflects the best price they are likely to get for the  
               home.  The lender is contemplating accepting less than  
               is owed on the mortgage and wants to minimize their  
               loss.  To that end, lenders are sometimes requiring  
               that short sale homes be put out to bid using an  
               auction company retained for that purpose.  If the  
               bids come in under the original offer, the original  
               offer is accepted; if not, the new high bidder becomes  
               the purchaser of the home.  The lender completely  
               controls the contract under which the seller agrees to  
               have his or her home put out to bid (if the seller  
               disagrees with any aspect of the contract, the lender  
               will simply reject the short sale offer).  These  
               contracts can have a provision that requires the  








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               seller to accept liability for auction company  
               mistakes for any damages arising out of any action  
               taken by the auction company.  These provisions only  
               exclude cases of gross negligence, willful misconduct,  
               bad faith, an unlawful act or fraud.  In other words,  
               the auction company is held harmless for mistakes it  
               makes in the regular course of business.  AB 2039  
               places the responsibility for liability for damages  
               with the party whose actions are the cause of the  
               liability.  

          Under the bill, neither a lender nor an auction company retained  
          by a lender to control aspects of a transaction of real property  
          subject to this part, including validating the sales price, may  
          require the homeowner or listing agent to defend or indemnify  
          the lender or auction company from any liability alleged to  
          result from the actions of the lender or auction company as a  
          condition of receiving the lender's approval of the transaction.  
           Any clause, provision, covenant or agreement purporting to  
          impose an obligation to defend or indemnify an auction company  
          in violation of this subdivision is against public policy, void,  
          and unenforceable.

          In addition the bill provides that an auction includes the sale  
          of real property and an "auctioneer" means any individual who is  
          engaged in, or who by advertising or otherwise holds himself or  
          herself out as being available to engage in, the calling for,  
          the recognition of, and the acceptance of, offers for the  
          purchase of real property at an auction.  In addition, the bill  
          specifies that a person shall not cause or allow a person to bid  
          at a sale for the sole purpose of increasing the bid on any real  
          property being sold by the auctioneer, including, but not  
          limited to, stating any increased bid greater than that offered  
          by the last highest bidder when, in fact, no person has made an  
          increased bid, except as specified.  However, an auctioneer or  
          another authorized person may place a bid on the seller's behalf  
          during an auction of real property, if both of the following are  
          true:  1) Notice is given to all auction participants, including  
          all other bidders, that liberty for that type of bidding is  
          reserved and that type of bid will not result in the sale of the  
          real property; and 2) the person placing that type of bid  
          contemporaneously discloses to all auction participants,  
          including all other bidders, that the particular bid has been  
          placed on behalf of the seller.









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          With respect to the conduct of online auctions of real property,  
          the bill specifies a minimum method of providing the required  
          notice.  While these rules may be appropriate in the context of  
          this particular type of transaction involving relatively  
          sophisticated consumers they would not appear to be appropriate  
          in other contexts.


           Analysis Prepared by  :    Kevin G. Baker / JUD. / (916) 319-2334 


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