BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 2089
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          ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
          AB 2089 (Quirk)
          As Amended April 10, 2014
          Majority vote 

           JUDICIARY           9-0         APPROPRIATIONS      17-0        
           
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          |Ayes:|Wieckowski, Wagner, Chau, |Ayes:|Gatto, Bigelow,           |
          |     |Dickinson, Garcia,        |     |Bocanegra, Bradford, Ian  |
          |     |Gorell, Maienschein,      |     |Calderon, Campos,         |
          |     |Muratsuchi, Stone         |     |Donnelly, Eggman, Gomez,  |
          |     |                          |     |Holden, Jones, Linder,    |
          |     |                          |     |Pan, Quirk,               |
          |     |                          |     |Ridley-Thomas, Wagner,    |
          |     |                          |     |Weber                     |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |     |                          |     |                          |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
           SUMMARY  :  Revises and clarifies the issuance of domestic  
          violence restraining orders under the Domestic Violence  
          Protective Act (DVPA).  Specifically,  this bill  : 

          1)States that the purpose of the DVPA is to provide expeditious  
            and effective protection from abuse to ensure that the lives  
            of domestic violence victims and their children will be as  
            safe, secure, and uninterrupted as possible.

          2)Provides that abuse is not limited to the actual infliction of  
            physical abuse or assault.

          3)Provides that a court may issue a restraining order based  
            solely on the affidavit or testimony of the person requesting  
            the order.  Provides that an order may be issued on the basis  
            of past abuse without any showing that the wrongful acts will  
            be continued or repeated.

          4)Provides that a court may not deny an order under the DVPA,  
            based in whole or in part:  a) on the length of time between  
            the issuance of the ex parte order and the hearing on the  
            permanent order; or b) the absence of abuse during that time.   
            Provides that a court may not deny an order under the DVPA  
            based solely on the length of time since the last abuse if the  
            last abuse occurred within five years of filing the petition  








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            for the restraining order.  If the last incident of abuse  
            occurred more than five years prior to the filing, allows the  
            court to issue an order under the DVPA.

          5)Prohibits a court from issuing mutual restraining orders  
            unless the court finds that:  a) both parties personally  
            appear and present written evidence of abuse; and b) the court  
            makes detailed findings indicating that both parties acted as  
            a dominant aggressor, as defined, and that neither party acted  
            primarily in self-defense.  Provides that the change from  
            "primary aggressor" to "dominant aggressor" is not intended to  
            impact existing case law and that existing case law should  
            apply equally, regardless of which term is used.

          6)Requires a court, upon approving or denying an order under the  
            DVPA, to state its reasons in writing or on the record.

          7)Provides that if a permanent restraining order does not have  
            an expiration date, that order shall be valid for five years.

          8)States the intent of the Legislature that, among other things:

             a)   Domestic violence is a pervasive public safety and  
               public health problem that affects people of all income  
               levels, cultures, religions, ages, ethnic backgrounds,  
               sexual orientations, and neighborhood;

             b)   There is a positive correlation between domestic  
               violence and child abuse, and children, even when they are  
               not physically assaulted, suffer deep and lasting  
               emotional, health, and behavioral effects from exposure to  
               domestic violence;

             c)   Domestic violence victims face significant barriers to  
               safely leaving an abusive relationship, including risk of  
               retaliation, concerns over the safety of their children,  
               loss of financial support and housing, and difficulties  
               accessing legal and community systems to seek protection  
               from abuse;

             d)   Studies have shown that obtaining a civil protective  
               order against an abuser can increase a victim's safety;

             e)   Public money spent on protective order intervention  








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               produces significant cost savings to society;

             f)   Civil protective orders are most effective when they  
               offer comprehensive relief to address the various barriers  
               victims face when safely separating from an abuser, are  
               specific in their terms, and are consistently enforced; and  


             g)   The effective issuance and enforcement of civil  
               protective orders are of paramount importance in the State  
               of California.

           EXISTING LAW  : 

          1)Authorizes, under the DVPA, a court to issue and enforce a  
            domestic violence restraining order, including an emergency  
            protective order, a temporary restraining order, and a  
            permanent restraining order.   

          2)States that the purposes of the DVPA are to prevent the  
            recurrence of acts of violence and sexual abuse and to provide  
            for a separation of those involved in the domestic violence  
            for a period sufficient to enable them to seek a resolution of  
            the causes of the violence.  Provides that a court may issue  
            an order under the DVPA for the purpose of preventing a  
            recurrence of domestic violence and ensuring a period of  
            separation of the persons involved.  

          3)Provides that an order under the DVPA shall not be denied  
            because the petitioner has vacated the household to avoid the  
            abuse or filed for dissolution or legal separation.    

          4)Prohibits a court from issuing a mutual restraining order,  
            unless:  a) both parties personally appear and present written  
            evidence of abuse; and b) the court makes detailed findings  
            indicating that both parties acted primarily as aggressors and  
            that neither party acted primarily in self-defense.  

          5)Defines, under the Penal Code, dominant aggressor in domestic  
            violence, as the person determined to be the most significant,  
            rather than the first, aggressor.  In identifying the dominant  
            aggressor, consideration must be given to:  a) the intent of  
            the law to protect victims of domestic violence from  
            continuing abuse; b) the threats creating fear of physical  








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            injury; c) the history of domestic violence between the  
            persons involved; and d) whether either person involved acted  
            in self-defense.  

          6)Provides that a permanent order made after hearing under the  
            DVPA may have a duration of no more than five years, subject  
            to termination or modification.  An order may be renewed, upon  
            request of either party, for either five years or permanently,  
            without a showing of any further abuse since issuance of the  
            original order.  

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Assembly Appropriations  
          Committee, the requirement that a court's reasons for approving  
          or denying a petition be in writing or on the record puts  
          potential, cost pressure on the 30 courts that no longer provide  
          court reporters for civil, family and probate proceedings.

           COMMENTS  :  This bill, sponsored by the California Partnership to  
          End Domestic Violence, seeks to update and strengthen  
          protections violence in the DVPA to better protect victims of  
          domestic.  

          Domestic violence is a serious criminal justice and public  
          health problem most often perpetrated against women.  Prevalence  
          of domestic violence at the national level ranges from 960,000  
          to three million women each year who are physically abused by  
          their husbands or boyfriends.  While the numbers are staggering,  
          they only include those cases of reported domestic violence.  In  
          fact, according to a 1998 Commonwealth Fund survey of women's  
          health, nearly 31% of American women report being physically or  
          sexually abused by a husband or boyfriend at some point in their  
          lives.  


          Domestic violence continues to be a significant problem in  
          California.  In 2005, the Attorney General's Task Force on  
          Domestic Violence reported that:


               The health consequences of physical and psychological  
               domestic violence can be significant and long lasting,  
               for both victims and their children... A study by the  
               California Department of Health Services of women's  
               health issues found that nearly six percent of women,  








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               or about 620,000 women per year, experienced violence  
               or physical abuse by their intimate partners.  Women  
               living in households where children are present  
               experienced domestic violence at much higher rates  
               than women living in households without children:   
               domestic violence occurred in more than 436,000  
               households per year in which children were present,  
               potentially exposing approximately 916,000 children to  
               violence in their homes every year.


          This bill seeks to address the devastating effects of domestic  
          violence by better protecting victims and their families through  
          the restraining order process.  

           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Leora Gershenzon / JUD. / (916)  
          319-2334 


                                                                FN: 0003273