BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






          SENATE PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT & RETIREMENT   BILL NO:  AB 2155
          Norma Torres, Chair          HEARING DATE:  June 23, 2014
          AB 2155 (Ridley-Thomas)    as introduced   2/20/14        
          FISCAL:  YES

           NURSES AND CERTIFIED NURSE ASSISTANTS:  OVERTIME
           
           HISTORY  :

            Sponsor:  Service Employees Union International (SIEU),  
            Local 1000

            Other legislation:  AB 1184 (Koretz) 2005
                         Vetoed by the Governor

           ASSEMBLY VOTES :

            PER & SS                 5-1       4/23/14
            Appropriations           12-5      5/23/14
            Assembly Floor           53-24     5/28/14
           
          SUMMARY  :

          This bill prohibits mandatory overtime for state employees  
          employed as registered nurses, licensed vocational nurses,  
          and certified nursing assistants (CNAs) in state hospitals  
          and facilities, except under the following circumstances:

             1)   When a nurse or CNA is participating in a surgical  
               procedure and that procedure is still in progress or has  
               not been completed.

             2)   When an unanticipated and non-recurring catastrophic  
               event has occurred and results in such a large number of  
               patients in need of immediate medical treatment that the  
               facility is incapable of providing sufficient nurses or  
               CNAs to attend to the patients without resorting to  
               mandatory overtime.

           BACKGROUND AND ANALYSIS  :
          
           1)Existing law  :

          Glenn A. Miles
          Date:  June 13, 2014                                    Page  
          1









             a)   establishes, as the general policy of the state, the  
               workweek of state employees to be 40 hours, and the  
               workday of state employees eight hours, except that  
               workweeks and workdays of a different number of hours  
               may be established in order to meet the varying needs of  
               the different state agencies.

             b)   states that it is the policy of the state to avoid  
               the necessity for overtime work whenever possible.  This  
               policy does not restrict the extension of regular  
               working-hour schedules on an overtime basis in those  
               activities and agencies where it is necessary to carry  
               on the state business properly during a manpower  
               shortage.

             c)   under the provisions of the Ralph C. Dills Acts,  
               provides a statutory framework for the State and its  
               represented employees to collectively bargain over all  
               issues impacting wages and working conditions.

           1)This bill  :
           
              a)   defines a "nurse" as all classifications of  
               registered nurses represented by State Bargaining Unit  
               (BU) 17, or the Licensed Vocational Nurse  
               classifications represented by BU 20.

             b)   defines a "certified nursing assistant" (CNA) as all  
               CNA classifications represented by BU 20.

             c)   defines a "facility" as a mental hospital, youth or  
               adult correctional facility, developmental center,  
               veteran's home, school, or worksite in which a nurse or  
               CNA works as an employee of the state.

             d)   prohibits a facility from requiring a nurse or CNA to  
               work in excess of a regularly scheduled workweek or work  
               shift, except as provided.

             e)   authorizes a nurse or CNA to volunteer to work extra  
               hours, but the refusal by a nurse or CNA to work such  
               hours shall not be grounds for discrimination,  
               dismissal, discharge or other penalty.
          Glenn A. Miles
          Date:  June 13, 2014                                    Page  
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             f)   provides that the overtime prohibition does not apply  
               in the following situations:

               i)     to any nurse or CNA participating in a surgical  
                 procedure until that procedure is completed; or,
               ii)    if a catastrophic event occurs in a facility  
                 where both of the following apply:

                  (1)       the catastrophic event results in such a  
                    large number of patients in need of immediate  
                    medical treatment that the facility is incapable of  
                    providing sufficient nurses or CNAs to attend to  
                    the patients without resorting to mandatory  
                    overtime; and,

                  (2)       the catastrophic event is an unanticipated  
                    and nonrecurring event.

             g)   specifies that nothing in these provisions shall be  
               construed to affect the Nursing Practice Act, the  
               Vocational Nursing Practice Act, or a registered nurse's  
               duty under the standards of competent performance.

           FISCAL  :

          According to the Assembly Appropriations Committee,

               Annual General Fund (GF) costs greater than $3.0 million  
               to the Department of State Hospitals (DSH) and the  
               Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation (DCR) to  
               hire additional nurses to cover the hours currently  
               worked as mandatory overtime; additional GF costs likely  
               to hire additional CNAs.

               For example, annual GF costs to DSH of approximately  
               $1.2 million based on the following:

               1)     During 2013, registered nurses and licensed  
                 vocational nurses worked approximately 54,000  
                 mandatory overtime hours at total cost of overtime pay  
                 of approximately $2.3 million.

          Glenn A. Miles
          Date:  June 13, 2014                                    Page  
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               2)     Covering the 54,000 hours previously worked as  
                 mandatory overtime would require DSH to hire  
                 approximately 27.5 additional full-time nurses at an  
                 estimated annual cost of $3.5 million, with the  
                 difference representing the net cost to the  
                 department.

           COMMENTS  :


           1)Background  

              a)   Purpose.   According to the author, mandatory overtime  
               is a practice used by hospitals and health care  
               institutions to maintain adequate numbers of staff  
               nurses through forced overtime, often with a total of  
               twelve to sixteen hours worked.  This bill bans  
               mandatory overtime for public sector nurses and CNAs.   
               The use of mandatory overtime for nurses in the private  
               sector was banned in 2001 through wage orders from the  
               Industrial Welfare Commission.  State and public sector  
               nurses were exempted from this order.

             b)   According to the author, mandatory overtime may cause  
               or lead to increased stress on nurses and CNAs, less  
               patient comfort, and mental and physical fatigue among  
               nurses and CNAs, contributing to errors and  
               "near-misses" with medications and case-related  
               procedures.  According to information provided by the  
               author, West Virginia, Illinois, Connecticut,  
               Washington, Oregon, New Jersey, Minnesota, Maine,  
               Maryland, Alaska, and Massachusetts have laws  
               prohibiting the use of mandatory overtime as a general  
               staffing practice.

             c)   In 2005, a similar effort to ban mandatory overtime  
               was proposed in AB 1184 (Koretz) and vetoed by Governor  
               Schwarzenegger because the state was already having a  
               difficult time recruiting and training nurses for state  
               hospitals.

           2)Arguments in Support  :

          Glenn A. Miles
          Date:  June 13, 2014                                    Page  
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          According to the American Nurses Association/California  
          (ANA/C),

               This bill would prohibit a registered nurse from working  
               mandatory overtime, a practice, banned for all nurses in  
               California, except for registered nurses in the public  
               sector.  This dangerous practice may lead to an increase  
               in workplace errors, staff's health risks, safety  
               issues, unsafe staffing practices, and jeopardizes the  
               state's recruitment and retention of nurses.  Overall,  
               employing the use of mandatory overtime for registered  
               nurses leads to a decrease in the quality of care.

               AB 2155 encourages a safe civil service system, promotes  
               patient and staff safety that results in major cost  
               savings for the state.  Furthermore, AB 2155 supports  
               the state's recruitment and retention of nurses.

           3)SUPPORT  :

            Service Employees Union International (SIEU), Local 1000,  
            Sponsor
            American Nurses Association/California (ANA/C)
            California Correctional Peace Officers Association (CCPOA)
            California Labor Federation (CLF)

           4)OPPOSITION  :

            None.




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          Glenn A. Miles
          Date:  June 13, 2014                                    Page  
          5